工作流建模技术综述及其研究趋势

随着工作流管理系统(业务流程管理系统)的广泛使用,工作流技术受到了越来越多的重视;与此相应,工作流建模技术的研究也受到了人们的重视。由于工作流模型在工作流技术中的核心地位,工作流建模技术得到了广泛的研究,出现了各种各样的建模技术。分析和讨论11种主流的工作流建模技术,并按照提出的分类标准对它们进行分类;对其中的某些建模技术,给出了它们核心的图形化的符号,并利用开源工具画出了它们的工作流模型例子。最后给出了工作流建模技术的研究热点和研究趋势。     

工作流技术综述

工作流技术是进入90年代以后计算机应用领域的一个新的研究热点.对工作流技术进行深入的研究对于提高我国企业的信息化程度、运行效率以及竞争能力都有着重要的意义.该文首先介绍了工作流技术的起源与发展;然后对工作流的研究现状进行综述,主要包括工作流定义、工作流模型、工作流实现方案以及工作流事务管理这4个方面;同时分析了目前工作流技术中所存在的不足以及造成这些不足的根本原因;最后指出了工作流技术的未来发展趋势.     

网格工作流研究

网格工作流是随着网格计算技术的发展而产生的一种新型协同计算技术。文中对国外的一些网格工作流的建模、体系结构和流程描述语言作了进一步的研究,介绍了网格和工作流的相关技术,然后给出了网格工作流的定义和网格工作流与传统工作流的区别,最后简要介绍了4个比较典型的网格工作流,并提出网格工作流的未来发展趋势。     

基于微内核的工作流引擎集群技术

工作流技术是推动企业信息化的一条捷径。而工作流中极为关键的技术便是工作流引擎的设计。传统的宏内核的工作流引擎已经暴露出了很多问题。因而目前出现了一些针对微内核工作流引擎的研究。在微内核的工作流引擎概念基础上,提出了微内核的工作流引擎集群技术的概念,并作了一些研讨工作。     

浅析工作流技术在军事办公自动化中的应用前景

阐述了工作流的基本概念,结合工作流技术与办公自动化的关系,分析了工作流技术适应军事办公自动化系统要求的特点,展望了工作流技术在未来在军事办公自动化中的几种典型应用。     

基于Web的工作流技术在办公信息系统中的应用

针对如何控制文档流程的问题 ,提出了建立应用工作流技术的办公信息系统的方法。探讨了工作流原理、工作流系统的设计和开发方法 ,研究了工作流技术在办公信息系统中的应用 ;最后 ,提出了应用工作流的两种基本模型 ,介绍了基于Web的应用工作流技术的办公信息系统的体系结构。     

基于组件和工作流技术的系统模型

组件技术和工作流技术是两种不同的技术,该文讨论了它们相互结合,构建工作流组件的方法,并给出了基于组件和工作流技术的系统模型,对开发工作流系统有一定实用价值。     

面向云计算的工作流技术

云计算的发展,对提高服务质量与压缩运行成本提出了新的要求.在此背景下,工作流技术被认为是一种较为优越的解决方案:从云计算用户的角度看,工作流提供了对复杂应用的抽象定义、灵活配置和自动化运行;从云计算服务提供者的角度看,工作流实现了任务的自动调度、资源的优化和管理.文章介绍工作流技术与云计算;阐述了云工作流产生的背景;深入剖析了云工作流的技术特征以及与其他工作流(业务工作流、网格工作流)的异同;列举了云工作流的4个实现案例,并对其进行比较.最后,在总结全文的同时,展望了云工作流技术的发展前景.     

基于微内核的工作流引擎技术

工作流技术是企事业单位信息化的一个重要技术,工作流管理系统的核心是工作流引擎。但传统工作流引擎大多采用宏内核结构,即内核要同时完成调度和服务功能,这种结构造成了工作流引擎重构和维护的困难。本文提出基于微内核结构的工作流引擎技术,从而降低了工作流引擎重构和维护的难度。     

一种基于移动Agent的工作流管理模型

随着企业的发展,工作流管理系统硌须提供更高的可靠性、交互性和灵活性。将移动代理技术与工作流技术融合,可实现这些目标。本文分析了传统工作流中存在的问题,介绍了个工作流定义和传统工作流结构。以及Agent和移动Agent技术,提出了一种基于移动Agent的工作流管理模型以解决传统工作流的缺点。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.