焊接工艺对高铌Ti3Al合金电子束焊接接头显微组织和显微硬度的影响

利用OM,SEM,XRD,TEM和显微硬度等方法对电子束焊接Ti3Al 高铌金属间化合物接头区域的显微组织特征进行了分析.结果发现:焊缝区域组织主要为有序亚稳态残余β相(B2相),其结晶形态为胞状束晶,焊缝区域存在一定程度的层状偏析;热影响区晶粒长大明显,晶粒的多边化过程不充分;熔合区和热影响区的显微硬度显著高于母材,焊缝中心区在整个焊缝部分硬度最低.     

Ti／Al扩散焊的接头组织结构及其形成规律

以TA2和L4为焊接材料进行扩散焊，结合剪切断口形貌，XRD分析，SEM分析和接头强度测试，研究了Ti／Al扩散焊的接头形成规律。结果表明，接头形成过程包括互扩散形成冶金结合、冶金结合区生成新相、新相颗粒长大连接成片层、新相片层按照抛物线规律生长4个阶段。TiAl3是扩散反应的初生相，且在较长时间内是唯一生成相。它的生成具有一定延迟时间tD，tD受温度影响很大。接头强度取决于扩散区中冶金结合的程度及界面结构，在TiAl3新相连接成片层之后，接头强度达到甚至超过L4型Al母材。接头剪切断裂发生在界面扩散区的Al侧或Al母材内部。     

Cu／Al真空扩散焊接显微组织分析

采用真空扩散焊工艺方法,对Cu与Al扩散焊接头的组织性能进行了试验,利用扫描电镜（SEM）、电子探针9EPMA）、显微硬度等测试焊接过渡区及基体组织和性能进行了分析。试验结果表明：采用真空扩散焊工艺,在加热温度530－540℃,保温时间60min,压力11．5MPa时,在Cu/Al界面处形成明显的扩散过渡区,扩散区域宽约40μm。在铜侧过渡区中产生金属间化合物,会出现显微硬度高峰区,控制Al的扩散浓度可避免或减少界面处金属间化合物的产生。     

高铌Ti—Al合金变形温度和显微组织关系

经多次熔炼过的Ti—44A1—11Nb合金锭,在1000—1500℃不同温度下退火24小时,得到具有不同显微组织的样品,每种组织的样品均进行室温和1000～1300℃高温压缩试验,找出显微组织与变形温度的关系.结果表明,1000℃和1100℃退火后,合金没有再结晶,显微组织基本上与铸态组织相同,不过γ相晶粒更多,而a_2相较少.1200℃退火后,得到明显的γ晶粒加     

LF6/TA2扩散焊接接头组织结构及性能

进行了LF6／TA2扩散焊接试验,结合断口形貌、XRD分析、能谱分析和接头强度测试,研究了Al,Mg,Ti三组元互扩散过程,给出了接头形成规律及其强度性能。结果表明,扩散焊接可以得到最高抗剪强度达83MPa的LF6／TA2接头;525℃以上扩散焊接时会发生扩散反应,生成唯一的三元金属间化合物新相Al18Ti2Mg3;接头强度受固溶冶金结合区及扩散反应新相区的影响,随前者增大而增大,随后者增大而减小;Al,Ti元素可以互扩散,但未发现有Mg元素向TA2母材中扩散的迹象;Al,Ti,Mg三元扩散反应产物按照近似线性的生长方式长大。     

Ti48Al2Cr2Nb合金高电位腐蚀的电流时间序列相空间重构分析

采用相空间重构法,研究Ti48Al2Cr2Nb合金在高电位电化学腐蚀过程中电流密度时间序列的动力学演化特征.结果表明:电化学系统均存在相似结构的吸引子,其轨迹线均分布在45°对角线上,随着时间以一定规律反复折叠和拉伸,且随着电位的提升越来越复杂、光滑,填充区域变大.结合腐蚀形貌可知,吸引子的具体形态与合金在相应电位下的...     

钛锆钼合金与钨铼合金的SPS扩散焊接

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术对TZM合金与WRe合金进行固相扩散焊接,研究了TZM/WRe接头的微观组织、力学性能和热疲劳性能. 结果表明,SPS扩散焊接技术在1 500 ℃保温30 min成功实现了TZM合金与WRe合金的高效连接,焊缝平整,无微裂纹、微孔洞和未焊合等焊接缺陷;TZM合金与WRe合金扩散焊接过程中均发生了再结晶,与W和Re相比,Mo具有较低的自扩散激活能,导致Mo的扩散深度大于W和Re在TZM合金中的扩散深度;TZM/WRe接头经历100次热震试验后,焊缝完好无裂纹,且部分再结晶Mo晶粒跨界生长;TZM/WRe接头的抗弯强度和抗剪强度分别为910 MPa±65 MPa,497 MPa±50 MPa,断裂失效发生在TZM合金一侧,断裂模式主要为穿晶解理断裂.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of TiAl alloy prepared by spark plasma sintering

A fine-grained TiAl alloy with a composition of Ti-47%Al(mole fraction) was prepared by double mechanical milling(DMM) and spark plasma sintering(SPS). The relationship among sintering temperature, microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-47%Al alloy was studied by X-ray diffractometry(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and mechanical testing. The results show that the morphology of double mechanical milling powder is regular with size of 20?40 μm. The main phase TiAl and few phases Ti₃Al and Ti₂Al were observed in the SPS bulk samples. For samples sintered at 1000 °C, the equiaxed crystal grain was achieved with size of 100?250 nm. The samples exhibited compressive and bending properties at room temperature with compressive strength of 2013 MPa, compression ratio of 4.6% and bending strength of 896 MPa. For samples sintered at 1100 °C, the size of equiaxed crystal grain was obviously increased. The SPS bulk samples exhibited uniform microstructures, with equiaxed TiAl phase and lamellar Ti₃Al phase were observed. The samples exhibited compressive and bending properties at room temperature with compressive strength of 1990 MPa, compression ratio of 6.0% and bending strength of 705 MPa. The micro-hardness of the SPS bulk samples sintered at 1000 °C is obviously higher than that of the samples sintered at 1100 °C. The compression fracture mode of the SPS TiAl alloy samples is intergranular fracture and the bending fracture mode of the SPS TiAl alloy samples is intergranular rupture and cleavage fracture.     

放电等离子烧结的钛铝合金组织及氧化性能研究

研究了TiH2-45Al-0.2Si-5Nb未球磨和球磨两种粉末的放电等离子烧结组织特征以及经1000℃、100h高温氧化后的氧化性能.结果表明,未经球磨粉末的烧结组织由层片状TiAl和Ti3Al相组成,而经球磨粉末的烧结组织由细小的颗粒状TiAJ和Ti3Al相组成.球磨粉末的烧结组织氧化速度低于未球磨粉末的烧结组织,形成了连续的Al2O3和TiO2混合氧化物层,具有良好的高温抗氧化性.     

放电等离子烧结Ti-43Al-9V合金显微组织和力学性能(英文)

采用机械合金化和放电等离子烧结工艺制备细晶Ti-43Al-9V合金,研究不同烧结温度与显微组织和力学性能之间的关系。结果表明:机械球磨后粉末形状规则,尺寸在5～30μm之间,烧结所得块体材料主要由γ-TiAl、α2-Ti3Al和少量B2相组成。烧结温度为1150°C时,获得的等轴晶粒尺寸为300nm～1μm。烧结温度升高到1250°C时,等轴晶粒的尺寸明显增大,显微硬度从HV592降低到HV535,抗弯强度从605降低到219MPa,压缩断裂强度从2601降低到1905MPa,压缩率从28.95%降低到12.09%。     

烧结温度对快速凝固TiAl合金组织及力学性能的影响(英文)

将快速凝固Ti-46Al-2Cr-4Nb-0.3Y(摩尔分数,%)合金薄带破碎成粉末,然后通过等离子烧结(SPS)制备成块体。研究烧结温度对烧结块体的组织和力学性能的影响。在1200℃烧结时得到完全致密的块体。进一步升高烧结温度对合金密度的影响不大,但是对烧结块体的显微组织及相结构有显著影响。烧结块体主要由γ和α2相组成,随着烧结温度的升高,α2相的体积分数降低,块体合金由近γ组织演变为近层片组织,且组织逐渐粗化,但是长大不明显。1260℃烧结得到的块体组织细小、均匀,没有明显微偏析,具有良好的综合力学性能,室温压缩断裂强度和压缩率分别为2984MPa和41.5%,高温(800℃)拉伸断裂强度和伸长率分别为527.5MPa和5.9%。     

放电等离子烧结合成晶化相增强的块状Ti66Nb18Cu6.4Ni6.1Al3.5细晶复合材料

基于改进的非晶形成合金体系,选取Ti66Nb18Cu6.4Ni6.1Al3.5合金为研究对象,通过放电等离子烧结机械合金化制备的非晶合金粉末,结合非晶晶化法,合成以高Nb含量的晶化β-Ti(Nb)延性相为基体的块状细晶复合材料.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和万能材料试验机等手段对合成的非晶合金粉末和细晶复合材料进行表征分析.结果表明球磨60h后,初始混合粉末绝大部分转变成了非晶相,其玻璃转变温度、晶化温度、晶化峰值温度和熔化温度分别为750K、830K、847K和1422K,表明Nb含量的增加显著提高合金体系的热稳定性.另外,合成的块状钛基细晶复合材料的显微结构为β-Ti延性相包围(Cu,Ni)-Ti2相,其相区尺寸均大于1μm.当升温速率为167K/min、烧结温度为1373K时,合成的复合材料密度、屈服强度、断裂强度和断裂应变分别为5.64g/cm3、1705.8MPa、2126.4MPa和5.4%.     

Mechanical alloying and characteristics of spark plasma sintering of Ti-A1 composite powders

The mechanical alloying process of Ti-Al composite powders were carried out by use of high energy ball-milling machine. Structure variations of powder mixtures during mechanical alloying and characteristic of spark plasma sintering were investigated. The results show that during milling, TiAl, Ti3Al and Ti2Al phase intermetallic compounds are formed, simultaneously with powder refinement for the （TiH2-45Al-0.2Si-SNb） and （TiH2-45Al-0.2Si-7Nb） mixtures. The particle sizes of two powder mixtures are less than 300 nm after milling for 30 h. Sintering process of the milled powder can be completed in a short time by spark plasma sintering, and the sintering microstructure is composed of fine and homogeneous TiAl and Ti3Al phase.     

放电等离子烧结时间对高密度W-7Ni-3Fe合金组织性能的影响

利用放电等离子烧结技术制备高密度W-7Ni-3Fe合金,研究了烧结保温时间对合金致密度、物相、显微组织以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,在1200℃烧结5~14 min后,合金均能实现充分致密化,保温时间对相对密度影响较小。合金中的W晶粒随保温时间的延长开始尺寸变化不大,烧结11 min以上才明显长大,但大多数W晶粒尺寸仍小于5μm。烧结时间超过8min,合金中新出现一种灰色的富W组织。随保温时间延长,合金的洛氏硬度下降不大,然而抗弯强度却明显上升。合金弯曲断口形貌在较短保温时间以沿晶断裂为主,粘结相的延性撕裂和W晶粒的解理断裂随烧结时间延长逐渐增多。     

Microstructure,sintering behavior and mechanical properties of SiC/MoSi2 composites by spark plasma sintering

SiC/MoSi₂ composites were synthesized at different temperatures by spark plasma sintering using Mo, Si and SiC powders as raw materials. The phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-prepared composites were investigated and the sintering behavior was also discussed. Results show that SiC/MoSi₂ composites are composed of MoSi₂, SiC and trace amount of Mo_4.8Si₃C_0.6 phase and exhibit a fine-grain texture. During the synthesis process, there was an evolution from solid phase sintering to liquid phase sintering. When sintered at 1600 °C, the SiC/MoSi₂ composites present the most favorable mechanical properties, the Vickers hardness, bending strength and fracture toughness are 13.4 GPa, 674 MPa and 5.1 MPa·m^1/2, respectively, higher 44%, 171%, 82% than those of monolithic MoSi₂. SiC can withstand the applied stress as hard phase and retard the rapid propagation of cracks as second phase, which are beneficial to the improved mechanical properties of SiC/MoSi₂ composites.     

Nanostrucmred A1-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy synthesized by cryomilling and spark plasma sintering

Nanocrystallized Al-10.0%Zn-3.0%Mg-1.8%Cu (mass fraction) alloy powder was prepared by cryomilling, and then the nanostructured powder was consolidated into bulk material by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The microstructural evolution and phase transformation were studied. A supersaturated face-centered cubic solid solution is formed after cryomilling for 10 h, and the average grain size is 28 nm. Two typical nanostructures of the bulk nanostructured alloy are observed: primarily equiaxed grains with size of 150 nm, and occasionally occurring sub-micron grains up to 500 nm. Two types of MgZn₂ particles precipitate during consolidation. One is the sub-micron particles distributed along the boundaries of the powders, and the other is fine particles with size of several nanometers in the matrix, especially at the boundaries of sub-micron grains. These second phase particles can be completely dissolved into matrix by proper solid solution treatment.