超疏水性SiO_2杂化材料研究进展

介绍了对超疏水性SiO2杂化材料的超疏水原理、杂化材料的制备和性能,分析了溶胶凝胶法、层层自组装法、相分离法和粒子填充法制备超疏水性SiO2杂化材料中存在的问题,并提出了此类材料今后的研究和发展方向。     

SiO2/聚四氟乙烯杂化超疏水涂层的制备

通过溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了超疏水涂层。用硅烷偶联剂-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷对SiO2溶胶粒子表面改性,将改性后的溶胶与聚四氟乙烯乳液杂化后在玻璃上涂膜形成超疏水涂层。用红外光谱、数码显微镜、扫描电镜、综合热分析对涂层进行了表征。实验结果表明-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷能提高涂层的疏水性效果,涂层表面具有纳米/微米的粗糙结构,平均静态疏水角达到156°,滚动角6°。聚四氟乙烯低的表面能和涂层特殊的表面结构是形成超疏水的原因。     

釉面砖基SiO2/TiO2超亲水涂层的制备及其性能研究

用溶胶-凝胶方法在釉面砖上制备了SiO     

SiO_2复合磁性纳米粒子的合成及表面性质的研究

采用溶胶凝胶法合成具有快速磁场响应能力的SiO2复合磁性纳米粒子。用表面电位仪研究了不同包覆层厚度对粒子表面性质的影响。用AFM对粒子的表面形貌进行了表征。并考察了不同SiO2包覆层厚度粒子的抗酸性。结果表明生长3层SiO2后复合粒子的表面完全被SiO2所包覆,粒子具有高的磁含量和快速的磁场响应能力,并具有高的抗酸性。     

溶胶-凝胶法SiO_2的制备及应用进展

综述了溶胶-凝胶法SiO2的制备及SiO2粒子的改性方法,介绍SiO2粒子在Pickering乳液、功能性微球、功能薄膜、聚合物基纳米复合材料等领域的应用。     

釉面砖基SiO2／TiO2超亲水涂层的制备及其性能研究

用溶胶 -凝胶方法在釉面砖上制备了SiO2 /TiO2 超亲水涂层 ,用XPS、光学显微镜和SEM研究了涂层的表面化学组成、水润湿角和表面形貌。结果表明 ,水润湿角与SiO2 /TiO2 的摩尔比和SiO2 在TiO2 表面的分布有密切关系 ,当SiO2 /TiO2 的比值在 0 0 8-0 1 3时 ,涂层的水润湿角在 5°左右。     

溶胶-凝胶法SiO2的制备及应用进展

综述了溶胶-凝胶法SiO2的制备及SiO2粒子的改性方法,介绍SiO2粒子在Pickering乳液、功能性微球、功能薄膜、聚合物基纳米复合材料等领域的应用.     

不同填料对PTFE复合材料硬度的影响

使用超细及纳米SiO2颗粒和Al2O3颗粒填充改性聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）塑料，测量其硬度（HB），并使用扫描电镜对其表面形貌进行了分析。结果表明，SiO2纳米粒子填充较SiO2微米粒子填充的PTFE复合材料的硬度高34％～60％。Al2O3纳米粒子填充较Al2O3微米粒子填充的PTFE复合材料的硬度高。用溶胶凝胶法制得的纳米SiO2／PTFE复合材料比用机械混合法制备的高。     

TiO2-SiO2薄膜的光催化活性和超亲水性能

采用溶胶凝胶法在普通玻璃表面制备了均匀的TiO2-SiO2光催化薄膜,并研究了SiO2含量对TiO2光催化性能和超亲水性能的影响。对罗丹明B的光降解实验表明,加入少量的SiO2可提高TiO2薄膜的光催化性能,过多的SiO2降低了TiO2光催化活性,但超新水性的实验则表明,较多的SiO2加入量提高了玻璃表面的超亲水性能。     

超微细SiO2的制备及其对天然橡胶硫化胶结构与性能的影响

研究了溶胶-凝胶法和反胶团法制备的超微细SiO2填充天然橡胶(NR)硫化胶的硫化特性和力学性能，并与未改性纳米SiO2、KH-570改性纳米SiO2进行了比较结果表明：SiO2的制备方法和SiO2的填充质量分数对NR硫化胶的硫化特性有很大的影响，溶胶-凝胶法和反胶团法制备的超微细SiO2填充NR硫化胶的门尼焦烧时间缩短，综合力学性能优于纳米SiO2／NR硫化胶；试片的拉伸断面电子扫描显微镜(SEM)观察表明，制备的超微细SiO2在NR硫化胶中的分散性较好，拉伸断面的NR基质产生了剪切变形的痕迹。体现了超微细SiO2对NR硫化胶较强的补强效果。     

耐腐蚀超疏水超亲油不锈钢网的制备及其在油水分离过程中的应用

以不锈钢网为基底,通过化学刻蚀法制备微米级粗糙表面,通过一步浸泡法将st9ber法制得的疏水亲油纳米Si O2颗粒沉积到粗糙的不锈钢网表面,制备了具有微纳二级粗糙结构的超疏水超亲油不锈钢网。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和接触角测量仪(CA)表征了超疏水超亲油不锈钢网的表面形貌、化学组成和润湿性能,并将其用于油水分离过程中。结果表明,疏水亲油纳米Si O2颗粒成功的沉积到不锈钢网表面;水滴在超疏水超亲油不锈钢网上的接触角最大为151°,煤油的接触角为0°;制备的超疏水超亲油不锈钢网不仅能高效的分离不同种类油和水的混合物,还能高效的分离油和腐蚀性液体(强酸或强碱水溶液)的混合物,其耐腐蚀特性可满足复杂环境下的油水分离要求。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法在清洁的玻璃表面成功制备了均匀透明的纳米TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜,并用扫描电镜,红外光谱仪,综合热分析仪和接触角测定仪对薄膜的结构和性质进行了研究。结果表明:TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜由晶粒小于10nm的球形颗粒组成,表面均匀,结构致密,具有平整的组织结构;引入SiO2后可以抑制薄膜中TiO2晶粒的长大,且能显著降低薄膜的接触角,增强薄膜的亲水性。     

Pressure Response through Valve for Continuous Oil-Water Separation Based on a Flexible Superhydrophobic/Superoleophilic Thermoplastic Vulcanizate Film

Highly efficient oil-water separation shows urgent demand in industrial applications, especially in oil-spill accidents and organic solvent separation. Herein, a novel method is proposed for continuous oil-water separation by a pressure response through valve, which is loaded in a flexible convolute superhydrophobic/superoleophilic film based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV). The superhydrophobic/superoleophilic LDPE/EPDM TPV film (with contact angles of oil and water are 0° and 161.9°± 2.2°) is prepared only via a molding process where sandpaper is used as the template. The superhydrophobic/superoleophilic property of the TPV film shows robust performance in the activity endurance test. More importantly, the flexible LDPE/EPDM TPV film can be easily rolled up and loaded in through valve, which is the pressure response channel in oil-water separation. The typical separation pressure of oil and water is 3.01 and 6.17 kPa, which means the oil can be completely separated from the oil-water mixture under proper pressure in the pressure response through valve.     

Fabrication of durable superhydrophobic and superoleophilic cotton fabric with fluorinated silica sol via sol–gel process

Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic cotton fabric was successfully prepared with fluorinated silica sol via a facile sol–gel method. A fluorinated polymeric sol–gel precursor (PHFBMA-MTS) was synthesized via free-radical polymerization by using hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFBMA) in the presence of (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MTS) as the chain transfer agent, which led to the formation of fluoropolymer with alkoxysilane end groups. Then the fluorinated silica sol was prepared by introducing PHFBMA-MTS as the co-precursor of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) in the sol–gel process with ammonium hydroxide as the catalyst, which was then used to fabricate superhydrophobic and superoleophilic fabric coatings through a simple dip-coating method. The coated fabrics showed superhydrophobic property with a high water contact angle of 154.1° and superoleophilic property with an oil contact angle of 0°. Moreover, the coated fabrics still kept superhydrophobicity even after ultrasonic treatment, as well as for organic solutions, acidic solutions. Thus, the coated fabrics were successfully applied to separate oil–water mixture with separation efficiency up to 99.8%. More importantly, the separation efficiency had no significant change after 20 cycles of oil–water separation. These present a simple, low-cost, and durable approach to achieve industrialized application of coated fabrics in oil–water separation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47005.     

Facile fabrication of superhydrophobic raspberry‐like SIO2/polystyrene composite particles

A facile and novel strategy was reported on the fabrication of raspberry‐like SiO₂/polystyrene (SiO₂/PS) composite particles by emulsion polymerization in the presence of vinyl‐functionalized silica (vinyl‐SiO₂) particles, which were prepared via a one‐step sol–gel process using vinyltriethoxysilane as the precursor. The submicron vinyl‐SiO₂ particles were used as the core, and nanosized PS particles were then adsorbed onto the vinyl‐SiO₂ particles to form raspberry‐like composite particles during the polymerization process. The composition, morphology, and structure of the vinyl‐SiO₂ particles and the SiO₂/PS hybrid particles were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Superhydrophobic surface can be constructed by directly depositing the raspberry‐like SiO₂/PS composite particles on glass substrate, and the water contact angle can be adjusted by the styrene/SiO₂ weight ratio. In addition, the superhydrophobic film possessed a strong adhesive force to pin water droplet on the surface even when the film was turned upside down. POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

新型纳米光催化薄膜的结构设计与应用研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法分别制备了TiO2/ZrO2、TiO2/ZrTiO4、TiO2/SiO2等异质结构纳米薄膜.本文对形成溶胶的各成分配比、粘度以及薄膜样品的热处理工艺等进行了探讨,同时用喷涂法在瓷砖上成功制备光催化薄膜,用SEM对薄膜的外貌特征进行了表征,并利用紫外-可见分光光度计研究了薄膜吸收光谱的变化,用分光光度法研究了异质结构薄膜对甲基橙溶液的降解,探讨了过渡层对薄膜的光催化效率和抗失活稳定性的影响.结果表明,TiO2/ZrO2、TiO2/ZrTiO4薄膜中的晶粒尺寸减小,薄膜的光催化活性和抗失活稳定性均有较大提高,并可以用工厂方法制备大面积薄膜.     

共水解法制备透明超疏水表面

利用硅烷偶联剂与正硅酸乙酯共水解法对SiO2纳米颗粒进行原位疏水化处理,并采用共水解后的溶胶在玻璃基底上浸渍提拉成膜,两次成膜后即可以使玻璃表面呈现良好的超疏水性并保持较好的透明度。论文通过扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱、接触角仪进一步对超疏水表面进行了表征。实验结果显示制备的超疏水表面不仅具有较大的表观接触角（≥150°）,而且该表面有着较小的接触角滞后。通过该方法制备的超疏水表面不需要使用昂贵的全氟烷进行后续疏水化处理,从而简化了超疏水表面的制备工艺。     

纳米SiO2颗粒对PU树脂热稳定性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米SiO2颗粒，并以此制备了SiO2／PU复合材料，用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪、量热示差扫描仪和热重法分别表征了纳米复合树脂材料的结构和形态及热稳定性。结果表明，纳米SiO2能够均匀地以纳米尺寸分散于Pu树脂中，并与PU中的基团发生了化学反应，形成了键合。SiO2对PU树脂的耐低温性能影响不大，却提高了树脂的热稳定性能，使树脂的使用温度范围变宽。     

纳米SiO2复合粒子/有机硅低聚物透明超疏水复合涂层的制备及其性能

本文以Stober法制备的胶体SiO2粒子与粉体SiO2粒子结合的SiO2复合粒子在玻璃基底构建粗糙表面,以三乙氧基甲基硅烷（MTES）与正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为前聚体制备的酸性有机硅低聚物作为粘接剂,使用偶联剂KH540与氟硅烷PFDT进行改性,通过喷涂法在玻璃基底上制备出SiO2复合粒子/酸性有机硅低聚物复合透明超疏水涂层,然后探究SiO2复合粒子、酸性有机硅低聚物、偶联剂KH540以及氟硅烷PFDT对复合涂层的影响。研究表明：当SiO2复合粒子由粒径为110 nm的胶体SiO2粒子与粒径为50 nm的粉体SiO2粒子两种粒子组成,SiO2复合粒子溶液与酸性有机硅稀释液的混合质量比为4:1,添加偶联剂KH540与氟硅烷PFDT的质量比为混合液的1%时,复合涂层在可见光波长范围内透光率可达88%,静态接触角能达155°,在800目砂纸上磨损60 cm后仍能保持超疏水性能,具有良好的自清洁性,为透明超疏水涂层的制备提供一种简便、低成本方案。     

SiO2／聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制备和表征

通过半连续种子乳液聚合法．在Si02溶胶存在情况下,利用有机硅单体乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷（A-151）的桥接作用,制备得到Si02／丙烯酸酯共聚物杂化乳液。对有机硅单体和二氧化硅用景对复合乳液稳定性能的影响进行了研究,采用投射电镜（TEM）和热重分析（TGA）对制备得到的复合乳液的形貌和耐热性进行测试表征。结果表明：在有机硅单体乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷用量为总单体4．0wt％,SiO2溶胶用鲢为单体15wt％以内,可制备出稳定的SiO2／丙烯酸酯共聚物杂化乳液。由于有机硅单体的桥接作用,部分SiO2粒子形成与乳胶粒上,形成草莓状的复合结构,且复合乳液其有较高的耐热性。