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液相沉淀法制备单分散亚微米级球形碳酸锰 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以硫酸锰为锰源,碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂,十二烷基硫酸钠为粒径控制剂,采用硫酸锰和碳酸氢铵两种溶液快速同时加入的方式,通过控制合适的反应结晶条件,制备出亚微米级单分散球形碳酸锰颗粒.借助扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、粒度分析仪等研究了反应结晶条件对碳酸锰粒径和形貌的影响.结果表明,在硫酸锰浓度为1.2 mol/L、碳酸氢铵浓度为0.7 mol/L、反应温度为30 ℃、反应时间为30 min、碳酸氢铵与硫酸锰物质的量比为1.5:1的条件下,可以得到平均粒径约为540 nm的单分散球形碳酸锰微粒. 相似文献
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失水山梨醇单油酸酯的柠檬酸改性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以乙酸为溶剂,用柠檬酸对失水山梨醇单油酸酯(span80)进行了改性。研究了原料配比、反应时间、反应温度、溶剂乙酸的量以及乙酸回流时间等因素对产物质量的影响,正交实验表明,较佳工艺条件为:柠檬酸与span80物质的量比0.4∶1,温度120℃,时间90min(蒸出乙酸以后),乙酸量为柠檬酸质量的1.5倍,乙酸回流时间为90min,蒸出乙酸的速率为0.7g/min。并以此为原料配制了2种在常温下呈液态的复合型抗氧剂,试验结果表明,其抗氧化效果超过了国外同类产品,可在油脂及含油食品中广泛应用。 相似文献
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采用不同浓度的柠檬酸(HCA)对H-beta分子筛样品进行改性,通过XRD、SEM、TEM、FTIR、N2物理吸脱附、NH3-TPD及吡啶Py-IR等手段对改性分子筛进行了表征。实验结果表明,适宜浓度的柠檬酸改性不但没有破坏H-beta分子筛的骨架结构,而且在脱铝的同时兼具补铝功能。改性后的H-beta分子筛孔道更加畅通,虽然总酸量有所下降,但对烷基化有利的中强酸量和B酸含量却明显增加,催化活性增强。但柠檬酸浓度过高会脱除骨架铝,破坏晶格结构,导致催化活性降低。催化剂的甲苯叔丁基化活性评价表明,适宜的柠檬酸处理浓度为0.25mol/L。在0.25HCA/H-beta催化剂作用下,甲苯转化率为67.0%,对叔丁基甲苯的选择性高达80.4%。 相似文献
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为了改善Eu3+掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石(Eu-nHAP)在水相体系中的分散悬浮性能,以聚丙烯酸(PAA)为分散剂,结合超声技术对其进行表面改性处理.采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、动态光散射(DLS)、荧光分光光度计对样品进行了表征.结果 表明,PAA可以通过羧基与Eu-nHAP表面钙离子间的静电相互作用结合在Eu-nHAP的表面,PAA的交联作用将长80~ 120 nm、宽8~10 nm的Eu-nHAP组装成长380 ~ 460 nm、宽120~ 180 nm的短棒状聚集体,进而通过PAA的空间位阻效应将Eu-nHAP分散悬浮在水相中,获得了分散性、稳定性良好的悬浮液.不同浓度PAA表面改性没有明显改变Eu-nHAP的晶相组成和晶粒尺寸,也没有对其荧光性能产生明显影响. 相似文献
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利用羟基磷灰石(HA)表面的羟基与甲基丙烯酸发生酯化反应,在HA表面化学键合地引入了可进一步发生聚合反应的活性双键,然后在紫外光引发作用下与甲基丙烯酸发生自由基聚合.研究了经表面有机化改性HA与聚乙烯醇共混材料的力学性能和断面结构.结果表明,光引发方法成功地在HA表面引入了聚甲基丙烯酸接枝聚合物,实现了HA粒子的表面有机化改性.与纯HA相比,表面有机化改性的HA能够有效的改善聚乙烯醇的力学性能并且在聚乙烯醇基体中分散均匀,团聚程度减小,与基体界面相互作用增加,相容性能得到显著改善. 相似文献
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柠檬酸包覆钛酸锂负极材料的改性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用柠檬酸(C6H8O7·H2O)作碳源制备Li4Ti5O12/C复合材料,利用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了柠檬酸添加量对材料结构和形貌的影响。研究结果表明:添加不同量的柠檬酸,所制备的样品均为尖晶石型结构。随着柠檬酸添加量的增加,材料颗粒粒径逐渐增大,分布更加均匀,团聚也逐渐加剧。在1.0~2.5V的电压范围内,对样品进行恒流充放电测试,柠檬酸(C6H8O7·H2O)的添加量为6%时,制备的Li4Ti5O12/C复合材料具有最佳的电化学性能,0.2C和1C的放电比容量分别为171.3m Ah/g和165.4m Ah/g。 相似文献
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纳米TiO2的表面修饰研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用钛酸酯偶联剂对纳米TiO2粒子进行了表面有机修饰,显著改善了纳米TiO2粒子的表面性质,使粒子表面由亲水性变为亲油性;表面的C元素含量增加,并有P元素出现,表面的羟基和羰基密度降低;修饰处理使纳米TiO2表面极性降低、团聚程度减小、分散性提高. 相似文献
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本文研究了室温条件下十二酸对纳米碳酸钙进行表面改性的工艺。探讨了不同的改性剂、改性剂的量和甲醇溶剂的回收再利用等条件对纳米碳酸钙改性的影响。适宜的改性工艺为:改性溶剂,甲醇;改性剂的量,5%。此时,改性后纳米碳酸钙的活化度为91%,表明改性后纳米碳酸钙产品的疏水性和亲油性均被明显提高。 相似文献
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In this study, we investigated the surface modification of reinforcement fibers for composites by acid treatments, including PBO fiber, Kevlar fiber and carbon fiber. The corresponding changes in the surface free energy components were carefully evaluated using a Cahn dynamic contact angle analysis system. In addition, the fiber's surface elemental composition and topography were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the surface nitrogen-to-carbon (N/C) and oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) ratios were significantly increased after the treatments. The surface free energy of PBO fiber was increased from 43.3 mJ/m2 to 58.5 mJ/m2 or by 35% with 60 wt% methanesulfonic acid solution treatment for 36 h. However, the increase with 60 wt% nitric acid solution was only by 14% (to 49.5 mJ/m2) for the same treatment time. 相似文献
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Several methods for the control of semiconductor particle sizes, in particular in the quantum size regime, are surveyed. Rational choice of solvent polarity, reaction temperature, concentration of reactants, solution pH, and counterions will determine the size and size distribution of the particles. Sizes of colloidal particles formed in microheterogeneous environments will often be predetermined by the dimensions of the micropores and cavities within the network of the medium. This is the situation in zeolite and clay cavities, and in polymer networks. Self-aggregation of amphiphillic molecules often generates microdomains which may be utilized to direct the particle precursors or the particles themselves into these domains and thus limit their growth. Finally, complexation at the surface of the particles may limit and control the growth processes of the particles. The latter approach also allows functional modification of the particles' surface. 相似文献
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Fe3O4微粒表面有机改性及其应用研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用化学共沉淀法制备了微米级Fe3O4磁性粒子。用硅烷偶联剂KH-550,对所制备磁性粒子进行表面有机改性,并用FTIR、XRD、SEM、TG等对样品进行了表征,发现硅烷偶联剂对Fe3O4磁性粒子表面进行了良好的修饰;采用改性后的磁性粒子制备磁流变液(MRF),可以改善磁性粒子的沉降稳定性。 相似文献
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Surface modification of wood flakes by oxidation with nitric acid has been investigated at three different moisture contents of wood, and two different concentrations of the oxidant. It is shown that a significant number of the acid groups generated are chemically linked to wood. Increasing moisture content in wood has the effect of local dilution of the nitric acid oxidant while reduction in moisture content of wood during drying makes potential oxidation sites less accessible. Thus, two different regimes of oxidation, one of more accessible, and another, of less accessible, sites are observed. The nature of the generated acid is established as carboxylic, which is capable of undergoing a coupling reaction with 2-(l-aziridinyl)ethyl methacrylate. The catalysis of in situ polymerization of furfuryl alcohol by bound acid has also been shown to occur. 相似文献