TiNi形状记忆合金薄片的微激光焊接工艺研究

采用微激光对厚度为0．2mm的TiNi形状记忆合金薄片进行焊接,通过正交试验以获得最大的接头抗拉力为目标对工艺参数进行了优化,并分析了工艺参数对焊接接头表面及横截面形貌的影响。结果表明,焊接接头获得最大抗拉力的最优工艺参数是：脉冲功率百分比21％、脉冲宽度2．3ms、脉冲频率4Hz,此时焊接接头的承载能力达到母材的97％。当微激光焊的功率百分比、脉冲频率、脉冲宽度过大时会产生热量的积累、导致焊缝发生烧穿;过小时激光脉冲的熔透能力较弱、导致焊缝未焊透,这两者是导致焊接接头承载能力较差的主要原因。     

Ni含量和时效对TiNi形状记忆合金相变热的影响

用示差扫描热分析仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜和ＥＤＸ能谱仪系统研究了Ｎｉ含量和时效对ＴｉＮｉ合金Ｒ、马氏体相变热的影响。揭示了ＱＭ，ＱＲ与Ｎｉ含量和时效工艺的关系。     

预置填充稀土激光焊接对TiNi形状记忆合金功能性的影响

采用Nd-YAG连续激光器对2 mm厚Ti-Ni50.9at%形状记忆合金进行焊缝预置填充材料激光焊接,预置填充材料是通过熔炼方法制备的添加2%(质量分数)稀土元素La和Ce的与母材同等原子比的TiNi合金.对形状记忆合金母材及焊缝(无填充稀土与填充稀土)的马氏体相变行为、机械性及超弹性进行了对比研究.利用差热分析仪(DSC)测试焊缝及母材的马氏体相变及温度;通过应力-应变拉伸测试母材及焊缝的机械性能及超弹性.结果表明:由于填充稀土,使TiNi形状记忆合金马氏体相变温度Ms和终了温度Mf提高,同时使马氏体向奥氏体转变的起始温度As和终了温度Af提高,奥氏体的相变区间缩小:填充稀土焊接接头的抗拉强度比无填充稀土焊接接头有明显提高,填充稀土焊接接头试样断裂前可以承受比母材更大的变形;填充稀土激光焊缝呈现较好的超弹性.     

Ni含量对TiNi形状记忆合金相变行为的影响

用示差扫描热分析仪和光学显微镜系统研究了Ｎｉ含量对ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金Ｒ相和Ｍ相相变温度，相变热，热滞的影响。结果表明：在加热和冷却过程中，Ｔｉ－３３．３％Ｎｉ和Ｔｉ－７５．０％Ｎｉ不发生相变；ＴＭ，ΔＭ，ΔＨＭ和ΔＨＲ是Ｎｉ是含量的函数，ＴＲ和ΔＲ基本为一定值，与Ｎｉ含量有关。     

TiNi基形状记忆合金合金化研究进展

综述了近年来在TiNi基形状记忆合金中添加的合金元素种类,以及各种合金元素对TiNi基形状记忆合金性能的影响。分析了加入Cu、Cr、Ce、Hf、Pd、Co和Al合金元素对材料相变、形状记忆效应和超弹性的影响,提出了该研究领域今后的研究重点和需进一步解决的问题。     

薄片状TiNi合金激光焊试验研究

采用脉冲激光对薄片状TiNi合金进行对接焊．研究了激光焊接工艺参数对焊缝表面成形及焊缝组织的影响。结果表明,0．2mm厚TiNi合金薄片脉冲激光对接焊时易出现烧穿;激光峰值功率、脉冲宽度以及脉冲频率对焊缝成形有较大的影响。焊缝熔深和熔宽随着这三个参数的增大而增加。当激光峰值功率为1．0kW、脉冲频率和脉冲宽度分别在5-9Hz和1．5～2.3ms之间取值时,焊缝成形良好。焊缝组织由中心部位的等轴晶和边缘细小的柱状晶组成。     

TiNi形状记忆合金片激光微焊接接头的组织性能

采用脉冲激光实现了0.2mm厚TiNi形状记忆合金的对接焊,研究了焊接接头的抗拉强度、断裂形貌、组织和相变过程。结果表明,脉冲激光能够实现薄片状TiNi形状记忆合金的良好对接焊,焊接接头的抗拉强度可达683MPa,为冷轧态母材的97%,断口形貌与母材相似,均为延性断裂。根据晶粒尺寸和显微组织的不同,接头可分为4个区。焊缝中心区为细小的等轴晶,而焊缝边缘为柱状晶组织。对焊接接头进行焊后退火处理后其相变过程与退火态TiNi形状记忆合金的接近。     

人工食管用TiNi形状记忆合金的耐蚀性研究

实验研究了人工食管用的TiNi形状记忆合金,在37℃下常规化学腐蚀和电化学腐蚀时的耐蚀性。试验表明了TiNi合金具有良好的耐腐蚀性能,但长时间浸泡在37℃的稀氯化物或弱酸性溶液中仍会有微量镍离子的析出,为此提出了TiNi合金在人工食管应用应作复膜处理的建议,为钛镍形状记忆合金人工食管的临床应用提供了依据。     

TiNi形状记忆合金电阻钎焊接头微观组织分析

利用自行改制的数控交流电阻焊机，采用CuNi薄带钎料，配合改进型钎剂实现了TiNi形状记忆合金电阻钎焊连接。借助于光学显微镜、SEM及EDX对钎缝的组织进行了分析。结果表明，试验采用的电阻钎焊工艺对母材的热影响极小，接头中没有明显的热影响区；在钎缝中存在的Ti，Ni4化合物相是TiNi合金产生双程及全程形状记忆效应的主要因素。     

Analysis on the joint tensile strength and fractography of TiNi shape memory alloy precise pulse resistance butt welding

This paper studies mechanical property and fiactography of the welded joints obtained in different welding parameters such as welding heat and welding press wlth/without gas shield in TiNi shape memory alloy precise pulse resistancebutt welding using tensile stength test, XRD, SEM and TEM measures. The optimum welding parameters obtaining high tensile strength welded joint are SOL On the condition of welding press magneting current 2 A and welding heat 75%, the joint strength is the highest. This is important for to study other properties of TiNi shape memory alloy further. The experimental results state that argon gas shield haze different effects on different welding parameters, less on welding press,but great on welding heat. But excessive welding press and welding heat have great effects on joint tensile strength. Too high welding heat can produce the new intermetallic compound, this intermetallic compound lead to dislocation density to increase and form the potential crack initiation, which can easily make the flint fracture under stress effect and decrease the shape memory ratio of joint for high density dislocation groups existing in the twinned martensite.     

TiNi形状记忆合金电阻钎焊技术

利用自行研制的数控交流电阻焊机，采用CuNi薄带钎料，配合改进型钎剂对TiNi形状记忆合金丝材的电阻钎焊技术进行了研究，分析了焊接热量、焊接时间、焊接压力及保护气体等参数对接头力学性能的影响规律，得到了获得优异力学性能的TiNi合金丝接头的最佳焊接参数。试验结果表明，焊接热量对接头的力学性能有着显的影响。研究结果表明，电阻钎焊技术可实现TiNi合金的可靠连接。     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of laser-welded TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel wires

The Nd:YAG laser welding was used to join the TiNi shape memory alloy and AISI304 stainless steel wires. The microstructural features of the dissimilar material joint were analyzed. The tensile and hardness tests were carried out to examine the mechanical properties and microhardness distribution of the welded joint. The results show that the joint has the non-homogeneous microstructure and element distribution. The brittle phases such as Fe2Ti, FeTi, Cr2Ti, Ti3Ni4, Fe0.2Ni4.8Ti5 and TiN mainly segregate in rich Ti region of fusion zone. The laser-welded joint has the tensile strength of 298 MPa with the elongation of 3.72% and exhibits the brittle fracture features on the fracture surfaces. The reasons for low joint strength were discussed in this investigation.     

TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢激光焊接头裂纹分析及防止措施

采用激光焊对TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢异种材料进行焊接,用扫描电镜和激光共聚焦显微镜研究了TiNi合金/不锈钢接头裂纹及断口特征,分析了焊缝裂纹的形成机理,并提出了防止裂纹的措施.结果表明,裂纹多以微裂纹的形式出现于焊缝中心和TiNi合金侧熔合区.焊缝中存在大量的脆性化合物是产生裂纹的内在原因,接头受到拉伸应力是产生裂纹的必要条件,焊缝裂纹是二者共同作用的结果.通过焊接区加镍和钴中间层材料、改变激光光斑位置、焊接区施加轴向力及优化激光焊接参数的方法均能在一定程度上改善焊缝金属的裂纹敏感性,其中加金属中间层效果更为明显,加镍和钴中间层后,接头抗拉强度分别达到372和347 MPa,比未加中间层的接头的抗拉强度分别提高98.9%和85.6%.     

TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢激光钎焊接头界面组织特征

通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪及X射线衍射技术分析TiNi形状记忆合金与1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢激光钎焊接头界面反应层的组织结构特征。结果表明：TiNi形状记忆合金与不锈钢激光钎焊接头钎缝主要由α-Ag固溶体、α′-Cu固溶体和Ag-Cu共晶相组成;不锈钢/银基钎料界面反应区由3层连续的反应层构成,分别为：奥氏体（A）,马氏体（M）/A和M/α-Ag＋α′-Cu＋M;TiNi形状记忆合金/银基钎料界面反应层主要由Ti（Ni,Cu）＋（Ni,Cu）Ti2化合物组成。     

氮离子注入TiNi形状记忆合金表面改性

采用1×1016ions/cm2的注入剂量对TiNi形状记忆合金进行氮离子注入,注入加速电压为50 keV。采用X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱对氮离子注入前后TiNi形状记忆合金表面的物相以及化学成分进行了分析。结果表明,氮离子注入前后TiNi合金表面都被氧化。氮离子注入前TiNi形状记忆合金表面存在少量TiO2、Ti3O5和Ti2O3。氮离子注入后的TiNi形状记忆合金表面有TiN新相生成,且在氮离子注入后的TiNi形状记忆合金表面还存在少量TiO2、Ti3O5。     

Microstructures and properties of welded joint of TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel

The fracture characteristics of the joint were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope(SEM).Microstructures of the joint were examined by means of optical microscope, SEM and an image analyzer. The results show that the tensile strength of the inhomogeneous joint of TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel is lower than that of the homogeneous joint and a plastic field appears in the heat affected zone on the side of TiNi shape memory alloy. Because TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel melted, a brittle as-cast structure was formed in the weld. The tensile strength and the shape memory effect of the inhomogeneous joint are strongly influenced by the changes of composition and structure of the joint. Measures should be taken to reduce the base metal melting and prevent the weld metal from the invasion by O for improving the properties of the TiNi shape memory alloy and stainless steel inhomogeneous joint.     

Characteristics of shape memory and superelasticity for TiNi thin films

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