热处理对TiB2颗粒增强的金属基复合涂层的影响

用扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了热处理工艺对含TiB2的NiCr基和304L基4种电弧喷涂复合涂层组织结构和性能的影响.结果表明,热处理后含TiB2的NiCr基复合涂层孔隙率变化不大,硬度略有增加,销-盘磨损试验耐磨性能提高了2～3倍;热处理降低了含TiB2的304L基复合涂层的孔隙率,增加了涂层致密度,热处理后的304L基涂层还存在重结晶形成的纳米等轴晶组织特征,涂层的耐磨损性能提高了5～10倍.     

复合金属基/陶瓷涂层的应力分析

为了分析弯矩作用下金属基/陶瓷涂层应力分布情况,利用有限元分析软件建立计算模型,并计算不同涂层厚度和不同涂层弹性模量比条件下的拉应力和剪应力分布.计算结果表明:弯曲中心部位涂层的失效主要是由于拉应力所造成的,且拉应力值随涂层弹性模量的增加而增大,随涂层厚度的增加而减小;两端部位涂层的失效主要是由于剪应力所造成的,且剪应力值随着涂层弹性模量和涂层厚度的增加而增大;中间过渡涂层的存在可有力地减缓涂层到基体的应力变化梯度.     

冷喷涂金属基复合涂层及材料研究进展

冷喷涂是近年来一种发展十分迅速的材料固态沉积技术,其具有喷涂温度低和颗粒沉积速度高的特点,在金属基复合涂层及材料制备方面展现出了良好的应用前景。 在大量文献整理和分析的基础上,对冷喷涂金属基复合涂层及材料的最新研究进展进行了系统的介绍。 首先归纳了机械混合法、球磨法、包覆法以及造粒法等复合粉末的制备方法及其优缺点,为复合粉末的制备和选择提供了参考;其次,分类介绍了采用冷喷涂制备的铝基、镍基、铜基、钴基以及其他金属基复合涂层及材料;再次,分析了退火、激光、搅拌摩擦焊和热机械等后续处理方法对冷喷涂金属基复合涂层及材料组织结构和性能的影响,并介绍了不同后续处理方法的优缺点;最后,总结了冷喷涂金属基复合涂层及材料的潜在应用领域和存在问题。     

激光熔覆陶瓷增强金属基复合涂层技术的研究进展

讨论了激光熔覆外加陶瓷增强金属基复合涂层技术中外加陶瓷相与基体的界面问题及一般的解决方法,指出原位合成技术与激光熔覆技术结合可有效解决界面问题,从铁基、镍基等复合涂层的原位反应材料体系、反应机理分析、组织结构和性能的改善等几个方面,综述了激光熔覆原位自生陶瓷增强金属基复合涂层技术的研究进展,最后从微观反应机制和宏观实际应用2个角度提出了今后的研究方向:原位合成试验与热力学理论的互相补充与验证,及计算机数值模拟技术的应用.     

金属基陶瓷复合涂层的热喷涂工艺

金属基陶瓷复合涂层技术是具有广阔应用前景的材料表面处理技术和材料复合技术,而热喷涂技术是制备金属基陶瓷复合涂层的重要的制备技术之一,本文综述了金属基陶瓷复合涂层的各种热喷涂方法,并对热喷涂的制备工艺进行了总结。     

金属基陶瓷复合涂层的热喷涂工艺

金属基陶瓷复合涂层技术是具有广阔应用前景的材料表面处理技术和材料复合技术，而热喷涂技术是制备金属基陶瓷复合涂层的重要的制备技术之一，本文综述了金属基陶瓷复合涂层的各种热喷涂方法，并对热喷涂的制备工艺进行了总结。     

金属基陶瓷涂层的制备和应用

综述了金属基陶瓷涂层的各种制备方法及其特点,介绍了金属基陶瓷涂层的典型应用及研究动态。     

反应电火花沉积合成TiN金属基复合涂层

利用自制的反应电火花沉积合成系统，以TA2为电极，以工业纯氮为保护气，在45#钢基体试件表面上原位反应合成了TiN金属基陶瓷复合涂层。利用X射线仪测定了涂层的物相组成，利用显微镜观察分析了涂层断面形貌及组织，利用硬度仪测试了涂层的显微硬度，利用磨损试验机对比了涂层与淬火W18Cr4V高速钢的耐磨性能。结果表明：涂层的平均维氏硬度为13230MPa，涂层中TiN物相的平均晶粒大小为50nm，涂层具有较好的耐磨性。     

金属基磷酸钙陶瓷涂层的界面研究进展

论述了金属基磷酸钙陶瓷涂层的界面力学环境及界面物理化学特性,并为改善涂层与基体的界面结合强度及材料稳定性,对金属基磷酸钙涂层的设计进行了综合评述,提出涂层与基体界面优化设计的要点是合理设计过渡层,注重多种改善途径的结合及预先评定材料界面设计的可行性.     

金属基陶瓷涂层的制备和应用

综述了金属基陶瓷涂层的各种制备方法及其特点,介绍了金属基陶瓷涂层的典型应用及研究动态。     

Tribological evaluation of Fe-B-TiB2 metal matrix composites

Iron and titanium borides have been widely used for the production of metal matrix composites (MMC). The majority of the studies focus on the Fe-TiB₂ and/or the Fe-TiB₂-TiFe₂ region of the ternary Fe-Ti-B diagram, whereas the Fe-TiB₂-Fe₂B area has not yet been systematically studied, although it combines two very hard particles, namely TiB₂ and Fe₂B. This research deals with the wear behavior and tribological evaluation of Fe₂B-TiB₂ MMC layers, which were successfully produced on the surface of plain carbon steel, using the plasma transferred arc (PTA) technique. The counterbody, either tool steel or alumina ball, plays an important role in the wear rate and friction coefficient of the boronized surfaces. The “free” boron content in the Fe-TiB₂-B system, i.e. boron not bound in TiB₂, affects the tribological behavior of the alloyed layers. With steel as the counter-body material, “free” boron content increases the wear rate due to the formation of a more brittle matrix which is easily removed by adhesion, while with the alumina counter-body it has the tendency to decrease the wear rate, as the strengthened matrix can resist better to abrasion. The friction coefficient values for the tool steel ball are smaller than those of the alumina ball, owing to the different wear mechanisms involved.     

Effects of TiB2+TiC content on microstructure and wear resistance of Ni55-based composite coatings produced by plasma cladding

TiB₂-TiC reinforced Ni55 matrix composite coatings were in-situ fabricated via plasma cladding on steels using Ti, B₄C, and Ni55 as precursor materials at different proportions. Effects of TiB₂+TiC content of ceramics phase on the microstructure and wear resistance were studied. The results showed that ceramic phases TiB₂ and TiC were in-situ synthesized by plasma cladding, and the ceramic phase content significantly affected tribological performance and the wear mechanism of coatings under different loads. The composite ceramics protected coatings from further delamination wear by crack-resistance under a load of 30 N. Severe abrasive wear and adhesive wear were prevented when the load increased to 60 N because of the high hardness and strength of ceramic phases. Moreover, a compacted layer appeared on the wear surface of coatings with high content of ceramic phases, which effectively decreased the friction coefficient and wear rate. The TiB₂-TiC composite ceramics significantly improved the wear performance of metal matrix composite coatings by different mechanisms under loads of 30 and 60 N.     

Production of flexible metal matrix composites reinforced with continuous Si-Ti-C-O fibers by atmospheric plasma spraying

An investigation of the production of aluminum matrix composite sheet reinforced with continuous Si-Ti-C-O fibers was performed by a plasma spraying method. The unidirectionally reinforced Si-Ti-C-O fiber/Al prepreg sheet (300 by 3000 mm, 0.1 to 0.15 mm thick, with 40 vol. % Fiber) was fabricated by plasma spraying under atmospheric conditions. The depth of the oxidation layer formed on the surface of the metal matrix composite (MMC) prepreg sheet was found to be about 200 Å, and this value is almost independent of the atmosphere during plasma spraying. The fibers homogeneously disperse and do not contact each other in the matrix of the MMC prepreg. No damage on the surface of the extracted fibers from the MMC prepreg sheet can be observed. The MMC prepreg sheet was used to produce MMC plate by hot pressing at 640 to 680 °C under 9.8 MPa. The flexural strengths in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the MMC plate pressed at 660 °C were 1.0 and 0.25 GPa, respectively.     

A facile method for fabrication of nano-structured Ni-Al2O3 graded coatings: Structural characterization

Powder charges of micron-size Ni and Al₂O₃ were utilized to deposit nano-structured Ni-Al₂O₃ composite coatings on an aluminum plate fixed at the top end of a milling vial using a planetary ball mill. Composite coatings were fabricated using powder mixtures with a wide range of Ni/Al₂O₃ mass ratio varying from 1:1 to plain Ni. XRD, SEM and TEM techniques were employed to study the structural characteristics of the coatings. It was found that the composition of the starting mixture strongly affects the Al₂O₃ content and the microstructure of the final coating. Mixtures containing higher contents of Al₂O₃ yield higher volume fractions of the Al₂O₃ particles in the coating. Though Ni-Al₂O₃ composite coatings with about 50% of Al₂O₃ particles were successfully deposited, well-compacted and free of cracks and/or voids coatings included less than 20% (volume fraction) of Al₂O₃ particles which were deposited from powder mixtures with Ni/Al₂O₃ mass ratios of 4:1 or higher. Moreover, mechanical and metallurgical bondings are the main mechanisms of the adhesion of the coating to the Al substrate. Finally, functionally graded composite coatings with noticeable compaction and integrity were produced by deposition of two separate layers under identical coating conditions.     

Al2O3P/6061Al复合材料瞬间液相扩散连接

用纯金属作中间层TLP连接颗粒增强铝基复合材料,接头存在增强相偏聚区,是接头力学性能的薄弱区域.控制增强相偏聚区是改善接头力学性能的一种有效途径.文中尝试用Cu,Al金属复合中间层TLP连接Al2O3P/6061Al复合材料,探讨了其接头的显微结构和力学性能特点.结果表明,用Cu,Al金属复合中间层能够控制接头增强相偏聚,改善接头抗剪强度.在连接温度600℃,保温时间60min的工艺条件下,10 μm Al/10 μm Cu/10 μm Al复合中间层接头增强相偏聚明显下降,接头抗剪强度110 MPa;1.5 μm Cu/10 μm Al/1.5 μm Cu复合中间层接头无明显的增强相偏聚,接头抗剪强度123 MPa.     

铝基复合材料铣削加工过程参数的预测与优化(英文)

研究了LM25Al/SiCp复合材料的铣削加工特征。将获得的相关试验数据采用响应面方法建立了一个数学模型来描述各种加工参数对后刀面磨损率的影响。采用标准的响应面方法来设计实验。方差分析结果表明,在实验研究范围内,所建立的数学模型能够很好地描述铣削加工各参数的影响。采用优化组合参数得到了最小的后刀面磨损率。     

Fabrication of metal matrix composites by metal injection molding—A review

Metal injection molding (MIM) is a near net-shape manufacturing technology that is capable of mass production of complex parts cost-effectively. The unique features of the process make it an attractive route for the fabrication of metal matrix composite materials. In this paper, the status of the research and development in fabricating metal matrix composites by MIM is reviewed, with a major focus on material systems, fabrication methods, resulting material properties and microstructures. Also, limitations and needs of the technique in composite fabrication are presented in the literature. The full potential of MIM process for fabricating metal matrix composites is yet to be explored.     

Study of Al2O3 coatings on AISI 316 stainless steel obtained by controlled atmosphere plasma spraying (CAPS)

The tribological behaviour of Al₂O₃ coatings on AISI 316 stainless steel, obtained by the process of controlled atmosphere plasma spraying (CAPS), is studied in this work. Atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and high pressure plasma spraying (HPPS) were applied in order to produce these coatings. The APS coatings exhibited lower microhardness values compared to the values of HPPS coatings. Regarding the HPPS coatings it was found that plasma composition, through its heat capacity, does influence the heat transfer to particles, and, consequently, their flattening and densification process, which govern coating properties. It was revealed that tribological behaviour of coatings was influenced by the applied spraying method too. Coatings from HPPS under high-enthalpy conditions led to worst wear behaviour. In general, properties, such as microstructure, microhardness, coefficient of friction and wear resistance depended on the processing conditions such as pressure and composition of the spraying chamber atmosphere.     

等离子弧堆焊TiB2-金属陶瓷涂层的组织及性能

采用等离子弧堆焊设备，通过钛合金和硼合金粉末之间的高温冶金反应，在堆焊过程中原位合成了TiB2，在普通碳钢表面制备了含TiB2的金属陶瓷层。并对堆焊层进行了显微组织、X射线衍射分析、硬度及抗裂性能试验。试验结果表明，这种一步性原位合成工艺所获得的堆焊层主要由针状TiB2晶须与Fe及其硼、碳化合物组成，陶瓷层与基体间实现了冶金结合；堆焊层抗裂性能优于不含TiB2的铁基B4C堆焊层。