聚酯结构对不饱和聚酯基磁性复合材料性能影响

以4种不同结构的不饱和聚酯为黏接剂制备了磁性复合材料,并对复合材料进行力学性能和热性能测试,研究了聚酯结构对此复合材料的性能影响。结果表明,随着单位质量聚酯中双键含量的降低,复合材料的冲击强度先升高后降低,最大为6.1kJ/m2,弯曲性能呈上升趋势,热性能逐渐降低,材料的黏弹性逐渐明显。     

PET-PEN共聚酯对PET/PEN共混物的增容作用及其机理

使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)-聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN)无规共聚酯作增容剂,通过双螺杆挤出机熔融共混,制备了不同PET-PEN共聚酯用量的PET/PEN共混物,采用差示扫描量热分析、热重分析、热变形温度测试以及力学实验等方法,研究了该共混物的相容性及其它性能。结果表明,PET-PEN共聚酯对PET/PEN共混物具有明显的增容作用,能有效提高PET/PEN共混物的热稳定性,其用量越高,热稳定性提高越明显,当PET-PEN共聚酯用量为15质量份时,起始失重温度提高了20.3℃。PET-PEN共聚酯增容剂能提高PET/PEN共混物的维卡软化温度、拉伸和弯曲性能以及冲击性能,当PET-PEN共聚酯用量为5质量份时,增容改性的综合效果最好。     

聚酯增韧环氧树脂的耐热性研究

将聚酯与环氧树脂/酸酐固化剂共混,制取了聚酯/环氧树脂合金,通过扫描电镜、力学性能测试及DSC、DMA等研究了聚酯用量对改性环氧树脂体系和微观相结构、冲击强度和热性能的影响。结果表明,随着聚酯用量增加,聚酯改性环氧树脂体系的冲击强度急剧增加,玻璃化温度、介质损耗峰值温度和热变形温度均呈下降规律,耐热性能下降程度不显著,初始变形温度呈急剧下降趋势。     

超支化聚酯增韧改性环氧树脂

采用端羧基的超支化聚酯(HBP-SA)和甲基四氢苯酐(MeTHPA)作为混合固化剂固化普通环氧树脂。考察了HBP-SA加入量对环氧固化物性能的影响,发现HBP-SA的加入降低了树脂固化的体积收缩率,提高了环氧固化物的拉伸强度和冲击强度。加入10%的HBP-SA,拉伸强度从22 5MPa提高到64 66MPa,而冲击强度从4 99kJ/m2提高到30 63kJ/m2,分别提高150%和500%,增韧增强效果也明显,但固化物的弯曲强度和耐热性能有所下降。     

扩链剂对基于聚酯/MDI聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响

用聚酯多元醇(PBA、PEA、PEPA、PCL)、4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和混合扩链剂等原料合成了浇注型聚氨酯弹性体(PUE)。考察了聚酯多元醇种类、预聚体-NCO质量分数、扩链剂和扩链系数(R)等对PUE力学性能的影响,并比较了MDI/混醇体系与2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)/MOCA体系的性能。结果表明,PUE的硬度、模量和撕裂强度随预聚体-NCO含量增加而增加,随交联密度提高,撕裂强度和扯断伸长率下降,R>1.05时,PUE的力学性能急剧变化,MDI/混醇体系比TDI/MOCA体系的冲击弹性好。     

超支化聚酯改性酚醛树脂的制备与固化性能研究

以三羟基丙烷和二羟甲基丙酸为原料,缩聚反应制备了超支化聚酯（HBPE）,并制备了酚醛树脂/HBPE（PF/HBPE）共混体系。采用红外光谱、差示扫描量热分析等方法表征了HBPE的分子结构和PF/HBPE共混体系的性能,并用非模型等转化率法Flynn Wall Ozawa (FWO)描述了PF/HBPE共混体系的活化能与转化率之间的关系。结果表明,由于PF的酚羟基和HBPE的羟基产生了氢键作用,PF/HBPE共混体系显示出单一的玻璃化转变温度,HBPE的加入,提高了PF固化物的冲击强度和弯曲强度,当HBPE的含量为15 %时,冲击强度和弯曲强度分别为4.5 kJ/m2 和77.84 MPa。     

低熔点快固化聚酯热熔胶的合成与性能研究

在对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)和1,4-丁二醇(BD)合成聚酯体系中引入其它共聚组分,制备了快速结晶的低熔点共聚酯热熔胶,其熔点约为70～120℃。由于熔点越低结晶性能越差,因此在合成聚酯热熔胶的基础上,进一步对其进行改性,且对组成与性能的关系进行了研究。结果表明,聚酯热熔胶的熔点和结晶性能随DMT含量的增加而升高;二元醇体系的配比和含量对熔点和结晶性能有很大影响,当混合二元醇物质的量比为1时具有最低的熔点,BD/HD(1,6-己二醇)体系比EG(乙二醇)/HD体系的结晶速率快,BD/HD体系中结晶速率随HD含量的增加而加快。     

聚氨酯改性不饱和聚酯的徽观结构与性能

利用与天然纤维具有良好亲和性的聚酯聚氨酯(PU)改性不饱和聚酯(UP),通过扫描电镜（SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、接触角和力学性能等,研究了改性不饱和聚酯的微观结构、反应程度和主要性能.研究结果表明,引入PU提高了不饱和聚酯树脂的韧性,增加了与天然纤维的界面浸润性,降低了不饱和聚酯树脂的固化收缩率.所得改性不饱和聚酯的冲击断裂截面表现为韧性断裂;与天然纤维的接触角随着聚氨酯添加量的增加而降低,表明改性不饱和聚酯与天然纤维的浸润性增强.力学性能测试表明,当PU含量为5%时,其冲击强度可提高80%,弯曲模量降低小于20%,固化收缩率低于4%.     

CHDM改性PET共聚酯的合成及其与PC合金的研究

采用对苯二甲酸、1，4-环已烷二甲醇、乙二醇合成共聚酯，测定了共聚酯的特性粘度，研究了1，4-环已烷二甲醇含量对共聚酯玻璃化转变温度及熔点的影响。结果发现，共聚酯的玻璃化转变温度随1，4-环己烷二甲醇含量的增加而上升，而熔点则下降，达到低共熔点后又上升。研究了该共聚酯与聚碳酸酯合金体系的相容性，测试了合金的冲击强度和拉伸强度。     

SMC/BMC用不饱和聚酯提高玻纤浸润的改性与研究

采用与玻纤具有良好亲和性的有机蒙脱土/气相白炭黑(OMMT/SiO2)改性不饱和聚酯,通过XRD、FTIR、接触角和力学性能,研究了改性不饱和聚酯的微观结构和主要性能.研究结果表明,随着OMMT/SiO2的加入,树脂与玻纤接触角变小,改性不饱和聚酯与玻纤的浸润性增强.物理性能测试表明,当OMMT/SiO2含量为4%时,不饱和聚酯浇铸体冲击强度可提高50%,弯曲强度下降低于15%.     

E-TMB中弹性体含量对HDPE/E-TMB共混物性能的影响

以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)为基体树脂,(乙烯/丙烯)共聚物和(苯乙烯/丁二烯)共聚物为增韧剂研制出5种弹性体含量不同的聚乙烯增韧母料(E-TMB),将E-TMB与HDPE热机械共混制得弹性体总含量均为6.3%的5种HDPE/E-TMB共混物,研究了E-TMB中弹性体含量对共混物力学性能和热性能的影响。结果表明,当E-TMB中弹性体含量为44%时,共混物的综合力学性能最好,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度是HDPE的5.65倍,拉伸屈服强度和弯曲弹性模量保留率分别为90.8%和73.7%;共混物的熔点和热分解温度随E-TMB中弹性体含量的增加而升高,结晶温度随E-TMB中弹性体含量的增加而降低。     

Mechanical and thermal properties of bisphenol A-based cyanate ester and diallyl phthalate blends

Cyanate ester resins are a high performance class of compounds. They have excellent mechanical properties, dielectric properties and thermal properties; however, their major drawback is their brittleness. An attempt was made to improve the impact strength of the cyanate ester resin. In the present study a commonly used cyanate resin, bisphenol A dicyanate (BADCy), was modified by the addition of diallyl phthalate (DAP) and was cured with benzoyl peroxide. The properties of the blends such as thermal and mechanical properties were investigated in detail by scanning electron microscope, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and mechanical measurement. The results indicate that the addition of the appropriate amount of DAP can effectively improve the impact toughness and the flexural strength while sacrificing the thermal properties of the blends. The maximum impact strength and flexural strength were observed on addition of 15 phr DAP content. However, the thermal stability of the blends was found to be lower than that of the unmodified BADCy resin.     

悬浮法EPDM-g-MAN对SAN的增韧及其共混物的热稳定性分析

用悬浮法在乙烯-丙烯-乙叉降冰片烯三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)上接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯腈(MMA-AN),将接枝共聚物EPDM-g-MAN与苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(SAN)树脂共混,得到高抗冲、耐老化性能优异的工程塑料。FTIR分析表明,EPDM确已接枝上了MMA-AN支链。研究了AN含量和EPDM含量对EPDM-g-MAN/SAN共混物力学性能的影响。随着EPDM含量的增加,共混物缺口冲击强度先升后降,在AN质量分数为5%,EPDM质量分数为25%时达到最大值76.8kJ/m2,拉伸和弯曲强度逐步下降。扫描电镜(SEM)和差示扫描热(DSC)分析表明,在EPDM质量分数为15%时,共混物室温条件下受外界冲击发生脆韧转变,EPDM-g-MAN与SAN具有较好的相容性。TG分析表明,随着EPDM含量增加,EPDM-g-MAN/SAN共混物的热失重起始温度有所上升,热稳定性得到提高。     

PVC/环氧树脂E51共混物性能的研究

以504及554/504分别作为固化剂,采用锥形双螺杆挤出机实现了PVC与环氧树脂的熔融共混,制备了PVC/环氧树脂E51共混物。固化剂用量为环氧树脂E51用量的80%时,研究了环氧树脂E51用量、固化剂组成及固化时间对PVC/环氧树脂E51共混物力学性能及维卡软化温度的影响。结果表明:以504及554/504为固化剂,少量环氧树脂E51(4份以内)加入PVC后,有助于提高共混物的拉伸强度、弯曲强度;当环氧树脂E51为2份、固化时间为8h时,共混物维卡软化温度达到最大值100.2℃,比纯PVC高出16.5℃。     

Special effect of epoxy resin E-44 on compatibility and mechanical properties of poly(butylene terephthalate)/polyamide-6 blends

An attempt was made to modify the properties of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) by blending it with polyamide-6 (PA-6). Since PBT and PA-6 are incompatible, epoxy resin was used as a compatibilizer to form an alloy. Alloys of PBT and PA-6 with varying amounts (0–12%) of epoxy resin E-44 were prepared by melt blending. The notched Izod impact strength and flexural strength as a function of epoxy resin E-44 content were studied. Ultimate mechanical properties showed significant improvement on addition of epoxy resin E-44. The maximum increase of the notched Izod impact strength (≈600%) of PBT/PA-6 blends is obtained at 3% (weight) epoxy resin E-44 content. The impact fracture surfaces were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM): The SEM micrographs showed a noticeable change in the type of surface structure on adding epoxy resin E-44. DMTA also showed improved compatibility between PBT and PA-6 on adding epoxy resin E-44. DSC studies showed that the presence of epoxy resin E-44 hindered the crystallization of both PBT and PA-6 in the alloys. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) showed no obvious difference on crystallinity of PBT and PA-6 in the alloys with the presence of a small amount of epoxy resin E-44. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

聚乳酸/淀粉复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用熔融共混的方法制备了聚乳酸/淀粉复合材料。通过力学测试、DSC、DMA和SEM等分析,研究了聚乳酸和淀粉在不同质量配比下,复合材料力学性能、热性能、吸水率的变化,并研究了增容剂环氧树脂对复合材料性能的影响。通过研究发现,随着淀粉含量的增加,复合材料力学性能下降,结晶度减小,储能模量降低,吸水率增大;环氧树脂的加入能提高复合材料的力学性能;SEM分析表明,聚乳酸/淀粉复合材料的断裂面呈脆性断裂特征。     

悬浮法PEB-g-MAN/SAN共混物的热性能与耐老化性能研究

用悬浮接枝共聚法制备了乙烯-1-丁烯共聚物（PEB）与甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯腈共聚物的接枝共聚物（PEB-g-MAN）,并用其增韧苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物（SAN）。用动态力学分析、热重分析、人工气候老化和热氧老化试验等方法研究了PEB-g-MAN/SAN共混物的热性能与耐老化性能。结果表明,PEB-g-MAN/SAN共混物的PEB组分和SAN组分的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）之差明显低于PEB弹性体与SAN树脂的Tg之差,表明PEB-g-MAN与SAN树脂具有良好的相容性;PEB-g-MAN/SAN共混物的热稳定性明显优于SAN树脂,耐气候老化黄变性能和热氧老化后缺口冲击强度保持率明显优于丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物（ABS）,而热氧老化后的拉伸、弯曲强度则稍逊于ABS。     

环氧及酚醛树脂增韧改性氰酸酯树脂研究

用环氧树脂(EP)及酚醛树脂(PF)对氰酸酯树脂(CE)进行增韧改性,对改性CE的凝胶时间和DSC曲线进行研究并确定了改性CE的固化工艺。红外光谱分析表明改性CE固化时形成了柔韧性结构。研究了改性CE的力学性能、热性能、电性能及微观形态,发现EP的加入可增加CE的柔韧性,PF的加入可使CE的热稳定性损失减小。当CE/EP/PF的质量比为70/15/15时改性CE的弯曲强度和冲击强度分别从改性前的123.6 MPa、5.2 kJ/m2提高到134.5 MPa、16.7 kJ/m2,耐热性及电性能改变不大。     

High‐impact toughness poly(vinyl chloride)/(α‐methylstyrene)‐acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer/acrylic resin blends: Thermal properties and toughening mechanism

High impact toughness poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/(α‐methylstyrene)‐acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (70/30)/acrylic resin (ACR) blends were prepared. Incorporation of ACR did not play a negative role in thermal properties. The glass transition temperature, heat distortion temperature, and thermal stability remained constant as ACR content increased. With the addition of 10 phr (parts by weight per hundred parts of resin) of ACR, the impact strength increased by 20.0 times and 7.2 times compared with that of pure PVC and that of PVC/(α‐methylstyrene)‐acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (70/30) blends, respectively. However, tensile strength and flexural properties decreased. The morphology changed from domain distortions to crazing with fibrillar plastic deformation as ACR content increased. The toughening mechanism varied from “shear yielding” to “craze with shear yielding,” which depended on the content of ACR. This study presents the finding that addition of ACR drastically improved impact toughness without sacrificing any heat resistance, and the enhanced impact strength could be at the same level of supertough nylon. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 21:205–214, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

PPS/PC共混物力学性能的研究

测量丁聚苯硫醚／聚碳酸酯（PPS／PC）二元共混物的力学性能，并考察了PC含量对PPS／PC／EP（环氧树脂）共混体系力学性能的影响。结果表明，加入适量的PC树脂，可在一定程度上改善PPS树脂的拉伸强度、拉伸断裂强度、弯曲强度和冲击断裂韧性。