Extended technology acceptance model of Internet utilization behavior

Based on the belief–attitude–performance chain, this study combines Davis’s technology acceptance model (TAM) and the information behavior model to develop an extended TAM for Internet use. The theoretical model was tested via a questionnaire survey of 203 Taiwanese office workers. The empirical results not only confirmed TAM, but also showed that the relevance of information needs strongly determines perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user attitudes toward Internet use for information seeking, as well as strongly influencing individual performance during the information use stage. More importantly, relevance has greater positive effect on perceived performance and perceived usefulness for enterprise Intranet users than for simple/interactive Intraweb users. Enterprise Intranet users have more positive attitudes toward the Internet and more positive perceptions of system effectiveness for supporting office tasks than simple/interactive Intraweb users. Furthermore, perceived ease of use is the strongest determinant of user attitude toward Internet use in both enterprise Intranet and simple/interactive Intraweb applications. Overall, the extended TAM explains the behavior of enterprise Intranet users better than that of simple/interactive Intraweb users. Limitations of this study are discussed.     

KMS中用户知识共享行为模型的构建

用户知识共享行为是影响知识管理系统KMS（knowledge management systems,KMS）能否取得预期运行效果的关键因素。现有的一些KMS还不具有根据用户日常的知识活动自动评估用户知识共享行为的功能,限制了KMS在知识共享文化形成中的作用。在此从行为和动作的表示入手,基于BNF的行为表示体系、知识共享行为ontology和行为树映射方法,提出了一个动态、实时、自适应、交互式用户知识共享行为模型,该模型包括基于BNF的行为和动作的表示、知识共享行为ontology、用户知识共享行为树及其动态创建过程等内容,能够实现从数量上对用户知识共享的参与度做出评价,可以作为开发实现该功能的Agent程序的一般框架。     

Why do employees resist knowledge management systems? An empirical study from the status quo bias and inertia perspectives

Resistance to KMS (Knowledge Management Systems) is one of the major reasons frequently cited for the failure of knowledge management initiatives. Although prior studies have employed various theoretical perspectives to explain user resistance behavior, the research on the resistance to KMS has been lacking. Furthermore, extant studies on the resistance to information systems in an organization focus mainly on the mandatory use context. Considering that the adoption of or resistance to KMS is basically an individual decision and should be based on the employee's previous personal knowledge management practice, this research employs the status quo bias perspective to investigate the KMS resistance phenomenon. A survey was conducted in a large petrochemical enterprise in China at the initiative stage of a knowledge management project. The results indicate that loss aversion, transition costs and social norms have positive effects on KMS resistance intention. Meanwhile, inertia positively moderates the impact of status quo bias (i.e., loss aversion, transition costs and social norms) on KMS resistance intention.     

Role of user a priori attitude in the acceptance of mobile health: an empirical investigation

The objective of this research is to investigate the role of user attitude toward the activity supported by a mobile health application in the overall technology acceptance equation. For that, a perceived risk-motivation theoretical model integrating user attitude on quitting smoking was developed and tested empirically with 170 participants from the UK for the context of using cell phones to support smoking cessation interventions. Results show an attitude favourable to quitting smoking has a negative effect on the perceived risk, no significant effect on the motivation, and a small positive influence on the behavioural intention associated with using the mobile health service. Overall, having a positive a priori attitude toward a healthy activity is not a sufficient reason to make users accept a mobile service supporting that activity.     

Using theoretical models to examine the acceptance behavior of mobile phone messaging to enhance parent–teacher interactions

Student academic performance and social competence are influenced positively by parent involvement; effective parent–teacher communication not builds parent reliance on a school, it enhances parent knowledge of raising children. As information technology develops rapidly, it is already a trend that e-communication is replacing traditional paper communication. Mobile phone messages could be a convenience tool to issue notices to parents and reduce conflicts due to negligence such as missing phone calls, forgotten alerts, etc. Therefore, this study investigates teacher behavior of adopting mobile phone messages as a parent–teacher communication medium by applying the TAM, C-TAM-TPB, and UTAUT models. The result posits that attitude should be treated as a mediator between perceived usefulness and behavior intention, even if the user perceives the new device is useful but does not hold a positive attitude toward the device. On the other hand, to most subjects, opinions from family and friends and expectations from superiors are important considerations when making decisions; those thoughts affect directly the intention to use the new system. The results also suggest that infrastructure maturity for mobile phone messaging improves intention to use, but actual use behavior relates to school policies, not teacher intention. To implement a messaging system successfully, authorities should provide inducements that not only attract teachers to use the system, but that foster positive attitudes toward the messaging system to further increase use intention.     

Mobile advertising avoidance: exploring the role of ubiquity

Drawing upon prior research on Internet information privacy concerns, this study examines the effects of perceived ubiquity on consumers?? acceptance of mobile advertising. We postulate that, due to increasing unethical information practice, ubiquity can be perceived both positively and negatively, exercising complex effects on trust, risk, attitude, and intention to delete the ad. With 510 Japanese general consumers, our findings indicate that perceived ubiquity significantly strengthens trust and attitude toward the ad, while none of the negative effects are confirmed. Perceived ubiquity is therefore generally accepted as a favorable utility of mobile communication, leading to more likely acceptance of the ad it delivers. In closing, theoretical and managerial implications are discussed, and important limitations are recognized.     

Healthcare Technology Self-Efficacy (HTSE) and its influence on individual attitude: An empirical study

Previous research on technology acceptance and adoption has established perceived self-efficacy as an important factor influencing user acceptance of information technologies. However, research on self-efficacy perceptions and its effect on user attitude in the context of health technologies is limited. This study identifies three self-efficacy factors that may be important for shaping individual attitude toward healthcare technologies. This research proposes a new context-specific self-efficacy factor, Healthcare Technology Self-Efficacy (HTSE) and a conceptual model incorporating HTSE and two existing self-efficacy factors, General Self-Efficacy (GSE) and Computer Self-Efficacy (CSE). The conceptual model is validated using a survey of 314 participants. We found that HTSE has a positive influence on attitude toward the use of health technologies. We also found that two existing self-efficacy constructs (GSE and CSE) have positive relationships with HTSE. However these two factors did not have any significant influence on attitude toward health technology use, contrary to our expectations. Rather, HTSE mediates the relationships between GSE and attitude and the relationship between CSE and attitude in the context of health technology use behavior. The results of this study have important implications for both research and practice in the healthcare technology domain.     

Explaining and predicting users’ continuance intention toward e-learning: An extension of the expectation–confirmation model

Although e-learning has been prompted to various education levels, the intention to continue using such systems is still very low, and the acceptance-discontinuance anomaly phenomenon (i.e., users discontinue using e-learning after initially accepting it) is a common occurrence. This paper synthesizes the expectation–confirmation model (ECM), the technology acceptance model (TAM), the theory of planned behavior (TPB), and the flow theory to hypothesize a theoretical model to explain and predict the users’ intentions to continue using e-learning. The hypothesized model is validated empirically using a sample collected from 363 learners of a Web-based learning program designed for continuing education. The results demonstrate that satisfaction has the most significant effect on users’ continuance intention, followed by perceived usefulness, attitude, concentration, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control as significant but weaker predictors. The implications of these findings for e-learning practitioners are discussed at the end of this work.     

Impact of media richness and flow on e-learning technology acceptance

Advances in e-learning technologies parallels a general increase in sophistication by computer users. The use of just one theory or model, such as the technology acceptance model, is no longer sufficient to study the intended use of e-learning systems. Rather, a combination of theories must be integrated in order to fully capture the complexity of e-learners, who are both system users and learners. The current research presents an integrated theoretical framework to study users’ acceptance of streaming media for e-learning. Three streams of research provide the basis for this integrated framework: the technology acceptance model, flow theory and media richness theory. Students enrolled in an online section of an information systems course used one of three different combinations of text, streamed audio and streamed video. Regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses in this field experiment. Perceived ease of use was a predictor of perceived usefulness; both the perceived usefulness and the attitude of the user were predictors of intention to use. Richer content-presentation types were positively correlated with higher concentration levels but showed mixed results when correlated with perceived usefulness. Results from this study have practical implications for those interested in integrating streaming media into e-learning.     

User adoption and purchasing intention after free trial: an empirical study of mobile newspapers

Marketing stimuli such as free trial has been widely used to increase user acceptance and intention to purchase information services. Information technology (IT) acceptance theories, such as the technology acceptance model and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, have been widely used to explain information system (IS) usage. These theories, however, do not explicitly consider the effect of marketing stimuli that would influence and shape user beliefs, attitude and behavior towards the use and purchase of new IS/IT. Echoing calls for advancing knowledge in technology acceptance, we propose a theoretical model based on expectation conformation theory to investigate the effect of marketing stimuli in the form of free trial and price of using IS on consumers’ acceptance decision process. In this study, free trial of mobile newspaper is used as the research context. A survey sample of 192 responses is used to test the model. Results suggest that the trial experience has an impact on post-trial beliefs and attitude. Perceived fee also has an effect on the acceptance of the information service when the users need to pay for the service.     

Factors influencing the adoption of internet banking: An integration of TAM and TPB with perceived risk and perceived benefit

Online banking (Internet banking) has emerged as one of the most profitable e-commerce applications over the last decade. Although several prior research projects have focused on the factors that impact on the adoption of information technology or Internet, there is limited empirical work which simultaneously captures the success factors (positive factors) and resistance factors (negative factors) that help customers to adopt online banking. This paper explores and integrates the various advantages of online banking to form a positive factor named perceived benefit. In addition, drawing from perceived risk theory, five specific risk facets – financial, security/privacy, performance, social and time risk – are synthesized with perceived benefit as well as integrated with the technology acceptance model (TAM) and theory of planned behavior (TPB) model to propose a theoretical model to explain customers’ intention to use online banking. The results indicated that the intention to use online banking is adversely affected mainly by the security/privacy risk, as well as financial risk and is positively affected mainly by perceived benefit, attitude and perceived usefulness. The implications of integrating perceived benefit and perceived risk into the proposed online banking adoption model are discussed.     

Factors Influencing Perceived Benefits and User Satisfaction in Knowledge Management Systems

This study offers a model for predicting users’ perceived benefits and user satisfaction in organizational knowledge management systems. Four constructs are theorized to influence the dependent variables: system quality, knowledge quality, user IS competence, and organizational attitude to knowledge management. The model was empirically tested among 100 respondents working in the knowledge-intensive software industry. The results suggest that knowledge management systems hold certain characteristics to be considered when evaluating technical and socio-psychological factors of users’ perceptions and attitudes toward the systems.     

User acceptance of wireless technology in organizations: A comparison of alternative models

This paper compared two versions of technology acceptance model (TAM) in understanding the determinants of user intention to use wireless technology in the workplace. The first model is derived from original TAM that includes perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude and behavioral intention, while the alternative model is a parsimonious version in which the attitude was taken out. The results indicated that TAM, either original or parsimonious, is successful in explaining user intention to use wireless technology in organizations. In addition, the parsimonious model showed a better model fit than that of the original model.     

Knowledge seekers’ and contributors’ reactions to recommendation mechanisms in knowledge management systems

We examined the behavior of knowledge seekers and contributors to an internal Knowledge Management System (KMS) in a multinational organization. The system has two selection mechanisms, based on semantic algorithms and user ratings. The first utilizes an algorithm to ‘measure’ the quality of knowledge contributions and ranks them accordingly, while the second averages the ratings that knowledge items receive from KMS users. Building on appraisal theory, we found that knowledge seekers and contributors reacted differently to the two mechanisms. The rating-based rankings positively influenced knowledge seekers’ tendency to access, comment on, and spread the knowledge shared in the KMS, while the algorithm-based ranking positively influenced knowledge contributors’ to continue sharing knowledge via the system. Moreover, shorter (or longer) time delay between the time that the knowledge was shared and the time when knowledge contributors received their first comments seemed to positively (or negatively) influence the contributors’ tendency to continue sharing knowledge via the KMS. Our study adds to the existing KMS literature by investigating knowledge seekers’ and contributors’ reactions to the two different knowledge recommendation mechanisms, and recommends that managers understand the importance of implementing algorithm-based rankings in their KMS as well as the simpler and more commonly adopted rating-based ranking.     

Investigating the Antecedents of Customer Behavioral Intentions Using the Service Acceptance Model

In highly competitive markets, enterprises provide various services to attract and retain customers. However, even though they are able provide higher‐quality services to customers, there are still many companies that are unable to gain benefits because customers do want these services. With the integration of the theory of planned behavior and quality‐value‐satisfaction‐behavioral intention model proposed by Cronin, Brandy, and Hult ( 2000 ), the service acceptance model, an extended model based on the characteristics of the service industry, is proposed in this work to investigate the effects of attitude, social pressure, perceived behavioral control, service quality, and service value on behavioral intention. The empirical results show that the perceived behavioral control of the high‐income sample group is not correlated with customer behavioral intentions, which differs from the results for the overall and low‐income sample groups. The customers’ own financial resources are thus of great importance in this context. Service quality has a significantly positive impact on perceived value and attitude. This suggests that good service quality will be conducive to increasing perceived value and strengthening customers’ positive attitudes toward a service, indirectly affecting the behavioral intention to purchase a service.     

Adoption Intention of Cloud Computing at the Firm Level

Cloud computing is an advanced technology that firms can use to reduce costs and increase efficiency. However, most firms hesitate to adopt cloud computing. This study investigates the perceived risk of cloud-computing adoption at the firm level and whether cloud-computing knowledge affects adoption intention and decreases risk perceptions. We demonstrate that the knowledge of cloud computing decreases perceived risk, positively affecting the intention of adopting these services. In addition, this study demonstrates that finance, security, technique, and user risks can negatively affect the adoption intention for cloud computing. Finally, this study provides academic and practical advice.     

面向对象的KMS系统分析

知识管理系统(Knowledge Management Systems，KMS)是知识管理的重要平台，然而，人们对于KMS的研究、开发和应用现在却处于初级阶段。在探讨KMS系统分析相关术语的基础上，根据知识转化和连接的思想，重点介绍了KMS的用户需求和面向对象的基本模型，这些工作对KMS的研究人员和实践人员具有一定的参考价值。     

The Role of Organizational and Individual Characteristics in Technology Acceptance

The roles that users' individual and organizational characteristics play in technology acceptance were examined. Perceived work group characteristics was considered an organizational characteristic; attitude toward change and job stress were considered individual characteristics. User satisfaction with system characteristics was considered a consequence of technology acceptance. Data were collected from a sample of 236 Korean expatriates in information technology (IT) industries who were assigned to work in the United States. Perceived work group characteristics, attitude toward change, and job stress were related to one of the technology acceptance variables, perceived ease of use of the IT system. Ease of use was, in turn, related to perceived usefulness of the IT system, the other technology acceptance variable. Both perceived ease of use and usefulness were related to user satisfaction.     

Extending the TAM for a t-commerce

Broadband communication at home allows television to become an e-commerce medium that merges video, voice, and transactional data. t-commerce is electronically mediated commerce using interactive television. Theoretical and empirical analysis was undertaken and reported here to explain the factors that influence potential users’ adoption of t-commerce by extending the technology acceptance model. The study also compared the factors influencing t-commerce adoption between experienced and inexperienced users. Seven factors were identified: perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, trust, attitude, normative belief of family and friends, and subjective norm. Although the factors were not the same between the two groups, the differences were not large. Perceived enjoyment is the most important factor affecting attitude and behavioral intention toward t-commerce. From a theoretical point of view, the study extended the TAM for t-commerce adoption by potential users in the home environment. Moreover, this study also provided practical implications for t-commerce providers.     

潜在网络购物者与有经验者购买意愿比较研究*

感知风险和信任缺失被认为是阻碍网络购物发展的主要因素。以技术接受模型为理论基础,将感知风险和信任引入模型,把消费者分为潜在网络购物者和有经验网络购物者两大类,采用结构方程模型方法对影响我国消费者网络购物意愿的因素进行实证对比研究。实证结果表明：消费者感知网络购物有用性对其购买意愿的影响路径系数高于信任和风险因子对购买意愿的路径系数;感知风险对网络购买意愿有直接的负向影响;对于潜在消费者群体,信任显著影响其网络购物意愿,但对有购物经验的消费者群体信任却对网络购买意愿没有显著影响。