一种基于混沌和小波变换的大容量音频信息隐藏算法

 音频信息隐藏的主要原理是利用人耳听觉系统的某些特性,将秘密信息隐藏到普通的音频数据流中以达到隐蔽通信的目的.提出了一种基于混沌和小波变换的大容量音频隐藏算法.该算法首先利用混沌序列良好的伪随机特性对秘密信息进行置乱加密预处理;然后利用人耳对音频的采样倒置并不敏感,可以通过倒置的方法改变载体信息小波系数正负极性的特点,将加密后的秘密信息通过一对一地变更小波域高低频部分对应位正负极性的方法隐藏到载体信息中.实验结果表明,该算法不仅具有良好的不可感知性和鲁棒性,能够抵御噪声攻击、重采样攻击、重量化攻击以及MP3压缩攻击等,而且信息隐藏容量大,可实现盲检测.     

数据信息安全的移动信息化平台优化研究

当前高校及移动信息化平台发展的关键问题依然是信息泄露、信息安全存储的问题,文中针对平台应用的小波信息安全的问题进行了改进。首先对小波分解频带和隐藏位置的确定进行了优化,通过改进算法的抗攻击性测试得出,算法系统对于滤波及噪声等常见攻击具有一定的抵抗力。进一步提出了一种基于小波变换域的信息隐藏算法,实验结果表明算法得到的嵌入图像的不可见性及安全隐蔽性相对比较好。这一研究,对外高校移动信息安全问题的改进具有一定的实际意义。     

图像信息隐藏算法抗攻击特性的比较研究

为了分析空间域、变换域图像信息隐藏算法的抗攻击特性,文章对基于DWT、DCT、LSB信息隐藏算法的抗攻击性进行比较研究,在嵌入容量相同的情况下,分别用压缩攻击、裁减攻击、旋转攻击、缩放攻击对基于LSB、DCT、DWT的三种具体算法进行实验。所选取的DCT算法在攻击参数变化时,归一化相关系数的波动性较小。     

多光谱图像变换域统计量移位鲁棒无损信息隐藏

为了提高鲁棒无损信息隐藏算法容量,利用多光谱图像谱段间的相关性及其小波变换高频系数分块均值的稳定性,提出一种变换域统计量移位的鲁棒无损信息隐藏算法。首先,在光谱方向采用Karhunen Loêve变换(KLT)去相关,然后对得到的KLT本征子图像进行离散小波变换,将小波HH高频系数分块均值作为统计量,通过其直方图移位来隐藏秘密信息,最后将浮点数变换和像素溢出引起的误差嵌入含密图像中以便对恢复的载体图像进行误差补偿。实验结果表明：在图像质量和以往算法相当的情况下,该算法的隐藏容量增加了1倍,并且能抵抗噪声攻击;而与最新算法相比,在隐藏容量相同时,该算法抗JPEG2000压缩倍数平均提高23.9%,误码率平均降低了44.8%。     

Shearlet变换和奇异值分解的图像隐藏方法

为了更好地平衡Shearlet域图像隐藏不可见性、鲁棒性和算法时间复杂度之间的关系,提出了一种基于Shearlet变换和奇异值分解的图像隐藏方法。利用Shearlet变换的能量聚集性、小波包分解低频子带抗攻击性强和矩阵奇异值良好的稳定性,载体图像先进行Shearlet分解,得到的低频子带再进行二级小波包分解。将秘密图像的重要信息位平面隐藏到小波包分解低频系数的奇异值矩阵中,次要信息嵌入Shearlet高频子带中。实验表明,该算法对高斯噪声、滤波和剪切等攻击都有较好的鲁棒性,同时,不可见性较好,时间复杂度较低。     

基于小波变换的语音信息隐藏新方法

针对音频载体在隐藏机密信息时,存在隐藏容量小、隐蔽性不高和鲁棒性较差等不足,该文提出一种基于小波变换的音频信息隐藏新算法。该算法利用人耳听觉系统对语音信号的中高频信息微小变化不敏感的特性,调节语音段小波变换的中高频系数,进而改变每级小波变换高频系数前后两部分的能量状态来隐藏二进制机密信息。首先测试隐藏深度、隐藏频段和载体语音分段长度3个参数对载体语音质量和机密信息误码率的影响,选择算法所需的最佳参数,然后测试算法的可行性和各项评价指标,最后对算法进行常见的5种攻击测试。测试结果表明该算法能够实现机密信息的盲提取;具有良好的隐蔽性和鲁棒性,能够抵御加噪、低通滤波、重采样、重量化和回声干扰等多种攻击;具有较大的隐藏容量,且语音分段长度越短,隐藏容量越大。     

一种基于小波域的同步均值量化音频隐写算法

提出一种基于小波域和均值量化的同步音频隐写术。首先对秘密信息进行Arnold变换,以此来消除其相关性,从而实现原始信息的不可知性隐藏;然后对原始载体信号进行离散小波变换,采用M序列作为同步信号,将需隐藏的信号与同步信号嵌入到低频系数的均值中,达到在不引起任何怀疑的情况下秘密传送信息的目的。实验证明,此算法安全性较高,有较强的抗噪声和低通滤波攻击的能力,并且提取时只需密钥和同步信号,比起盲隐藏法更简便、更具有可行性。     

一种小波域新颖鲁棒语音扩谱水印

文章提出一种基于小波变换的新颖的鲁棒语音扩谱水印算法。算法对原始语音进行离散小波变换．利用扩谱水印技术将水印隐藏到小波域。根据检测与估计理论，运用新的检测统计量进行相关检测。同时，通过引入抗异步攻击的机制和倒谱滤波，增强了算法的鲁棒性。实验结果表明，该算法对噪声、中值滤波、低通滤波、异步攻击等有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于相同图像的抗攻击信息隐藏算法研究

针对使用相同图像进行信息隐藏时,可能被攻击泄漏密文,提出了一种新的信息隐藏算法.首先对使用同一图像进行两次不同的信息隐藏的情况进行分析,建立了一套基于概率统计理论的密钥分析算法,从而可能提取被隐藏的信息.在此基础上,设计了一个基于随机序列多存储位置的信息隐藏算法,该算法在信息隐藏的位置上进行改进,造成攻击者无法建立有效的概率统计模型,从而达到提高算法强度的目的.文中详细阐述了多位置的信息嵌入过程,并定量地分析了算法抗攻击的性能.     

基于纠错编码的SVD水印算法研究

针对目前水印算法抗几何攻击较差的现状,给出了一种新的鲁棒性较强的水印算法.该算法在小波变换的基础上,运用了纠错编码技术、水印分块隐藏技术和奇异值分解来实现水印的鲁棒性.实验结果表明,该水印算法除了抗几何攻击效果好外,而且安全性高、不可见性好.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.