复合添加Lu2O3和Er2O3对镍氢电池Ni(OH)2正极高温性能的影响

通过在镍氢电池NKOH）2正极中复合添加稀土氧化物Lu2O3和Er2O3，研究了稀土氧化物的复合添加对Ni（OH）2正极高温性能的影响。充放电循环实验表明复合添加不同含量的Lu2O3和Er2O3都能够不同程度地提高正极高温充电效率。在55，60，65℃下，添加2．5％Lu2O3＋1．5％Er2O3的正极充电效率最高。循环伏安测试表明，复合添加2．5％Lu2O3＋1．5％Er2O3能够较为明显的提高Ni（OH）2正极在高温环境下的析氧副反应电位，进而提高了电极在高温环境下的充电效率。     

La2O3, Ce2O3掺杂对原位合成Al2O3(p)/TiAl复合材料显微组织与性能的影响

借助XRD, SEM分析及力学性能测试, 分析了La2O3, Ce2O3掺杂对原位合成Al2O3颗粒强化钛铝基复合材料组织与性能的影响, 探讨了稀土氧化物（La2O3, Ce2O3）的细化机制. 研究结果表明： 掺杂稀土氧化物后产物由γ-TiAl/α2-Ti3Al双相、 Al2O3及Al4La或Al4Ce相组成;Al2O3颗粒分布于晶界处, 使基体晶粒得以细化;引入稀土元素后材料的密度明显增强, 氧化铝的团聚现象减弱. 力学性能测试表明, La2O3, Ce2O3的引入, 有效改善了复合材料的力学性能, 尤其是掺杂Ce2O3后, 材料的抗弯强度比未掺杂时提高了160%以上.     

La2O3对激光熔覆TiC/Ni基复合涂层的影响

利用CO2横流激光器在低碳钢基体表面熔覆含稀土氧化物La2O3的镍基TiC金属陶瓷复合层,研究了不同含量的La2O3对激光熔覆镍基金属陶瓷复合层组织及性能的影响。结果表明,加入适量的稀土氧化物La2O3可有效改善激光熔覆复合层的显微组织,减少复合层中的裂纹、孔洞、夹杂;加速复合层中TiC颗粒的溶解和改善TiC颗粒的形状变化,同时,熔覆复合层的耐磨性和耐蚀性明显提高。     

熔铝炉用防渗浇注料的研制

利用静态坩埚法对Al2O3-SiO2系浇注料在不同温度下抗7075铝合金性能以及对7075铝合金的污染进行了研究。结果表明:添加防渗剂A可使浇注料在850℃时的抗铝液渗透性得到改善,对1 200℃时抗铝液渗透性能带来不利影响;添加防渗剂B可使浇注料在850℃及1 200℃时的抗铝液渗透性能得到提高,防渗剂B和浇注料中的Al2O3、SiO2生成硅酸钡、钡长石或铝酸钡,硅酸钡、钡长石或铝酸钡的存在,可减少铝液对浇注体的渗透。在反应层,铝液中的金属Al与浇注料中的SiO2反应生成Al2O3,所生成的Al2O3和金属Mg的氧化物反应生成MA尖晶石,该MA尖晶石聚集在浇注体的表层,该聚集层的存在可减少铝液的渗透。研究表明,添加防渗剂B的A12O3含量为80%的浇注料的物理性能较好,对铝合金的污染较小。     

Cr2O3微粉加入量对Al2O3-SiO2浇注料性能的影响

以特级高铝矾土和棕刚玉为主要原料、纯铝酸钙水泥(Secar 71)为结合剂的Al2O3-SiO2浇注料为研究对象,研究了Cr2O3微粉加入量对其施工性能、强度以及抗渣性能的影响,结果表明:加入一定量的Cr2O3微粉后,浇注料的抗渣性能得到明显改善;并随着Cr2O3微粉加入量的增加,浇注料的强度逐渐增大;对浇注料施工性能影响不大.     

稀土含量和还原温度对制备超细(W,Ni,Fe)复合粉末的影响

采用溶胶-喷雾干燥-氢还原法制备了含稀土Y的超细(W,Ni,Fe)复合粉末,研究还原温度和稀土Y含量变化时对超细复合粉末性能的影响.结果表明:在超细W-Ni-Fe粉末中,稀土Y以复合氧化物形式存在.还原温度和稀土Y含量对稀土复合氧化物的组成有很大影响:在600℃以下,稀土Y以复合氧化物Y2W3O12的形式存在;在700℃以上,稀土Y含量为5%时,稀土Y最终以Y2WO6的形式存在;稀土Y＞10%以上时,稀土以Y2WO6和Y6W2O15两种低价复合氧化物的形式存在.     

MgO加入量对Al_2O_3-MgO浇注料抗渣性的影响

以电熔白刚玉为主要原料,同时加入电熔镁砂细粉、铝酸钙水泥、α-Al2O3微粉、Si O2微粉等,保持镁砂细粉与白刚玉粉总加入量一定,通过改变镁砂细粉的加入量,研究了镁砂细粉加入量对Al2O3-MgO浇注料抗渣性的影响。研究结果表明:在Al2O3-MgO浇注料中加入一定量的镁砂细粉,高温下可以形成镁铝尖晶石,从而提高浇注料的抗渣侵蚀性。当镁砂细粉加入量在2%～6%时,浇注料的抗渣侵蚀性能最好。     

稀土氧化物及炉渣添加剂对金属基陶瓷内衬组织的影响

在纯铝热剂(Al Fe2O3)的基础上,研究了稀土氧化物、炉渣添加剂对金属基陶瓷内衬微观组织及结构的影响.实验结果表明,加入5%的炉渣不改变陶瓷层的组织组成,稀土氧化物的添加能够促进Al2O3的枝晶化和组织细化,有利于提高陶瓷层的致密度.     

非金属夹杂物对耐候钢耐大气腐蚀性能的影响

采用干湿交替周期浸润腐蚀实验和场发射扫描电镜研究了非金属夹杂物对Q450NQR1耐候钢在工业性大气环境中耐候性的影响。结果表明,夹杂物变性处理明显提高了耐候钢前期的耐腐蚀性能,但对稳定性锈层形成之后的耐腐蚀性能基本没有影响;经过稀土处理后的非金属夹杂物主要为稀土氧化物和硫化物与Al2O3的复合夹杂,添加Si-Ca线变性后的非金属夹杂物主要为Ca的氧化物和硫化物与Al2O3的复合夹杂,这些夹杂物在0.01 mol·L-1的Na HSO3介质中均表现为阳极性夹杂,在腐蚀微电池中作为阳极优先溶解,钢基体则作为阴极被保护起来,腐蚀速度减缓。     

原位生成多尺度增强相提高Al2O3-SiC-C浇注料的性能

摘要：为了提高铁水预处理用耐火材料的物理性能和抗渣侵蚀性,在Al2O3-SiC-C耐火浇注料中引入不同含量的复合金属微粉(CMP),研究了其对Al2O3-SiC-C耐火浇注料显微结构、物理性能和抗渣侵蚀性能的影响。结果表明：CMP的加入能够促进试样中形成片状晶体、棒状纤维、细丝状纤维和晶须等多尺度增强相;随着CMP的加入,试样的常温抗折强度和耐压强度提高,当CMP加入量为6%（质量分数）时,浇注料的高温抗折强度提高了231%,热震水冷5次后试样的抗折强度保持率达到23%,比空白样提高了77%,抗渣侵蚀面积减小了37.2%。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.