基于身份与位置分离的嵌套移动网络路由优化机制

基于移动IPv6嵌套移动网络中存在的路由优化问题,本质上是由传统互联网的体系结构造成的.在传统互联网体系结构中,IP地址同时代表了节点的身份标识和位置标识,这种双重功能不利于节点的移动.针对这一问题,本文提出一种身份与位置分离的体系结构,IP地址只作为节点的位置标识,引入端点标识符作为通信双方的身份标识,使得当节点的地址改变时通信双方的连接不中断.在该身份与位置分离体系结构基础上,提出一种嵌套移动网络的路由优化机制,利用封装在IPv6逐跳选项报头中的路由更新选项、路由确认选项和路由删除选项进行路由优化.性能分析结果表明,该机制具有较低的报文开销和路由更新时延.     

天地一体化信息网络统一编址与路由研究

天地一体化信息网络将是支持地面互联网、无线移动网络和空间网络相互连通、深度融合的一体化网络,采用统一的网络层设计是实现高效融合与互联互通的关键所在。针对空间链路和空间网络在稳定性、可靠性等方面的特点,提出了天地一体化信息网络的统一编址与路由的方案,基于IPv6和层次路由的方式实现网络层的高效融合,具有良好的可扩展性、可用性、稳定性、可管控性。     

移动IP中的路由问题

与传统的IP技术不同,移动主机IP地址的变化将会引起通信的中断,因此必须解决如带宽与断点连接问题、安全问题、路由问题和用户界面、存储位置感知等一系列问题,本只侧重介绍了移动计算中的路由问题,介绍了支持主机移动的路由系统的基本构成以及几种实现方案。     

可信路由机理及关键技术

文章认为由于网络规模的增大以及节点移动、多宿主、网络流量工程等需求的不断增强,使得路由可扩展性、安全性、可靠性等问题凸显。尽管与可信路由相对应的理论技术方案不断提出,但未能从根本上解决网络路由的可信任问题。为此文章提出可信路由体系结构模型、可信域内路由、可信域间路由等新网络环境下的可信路由参考机制,并对可信路由涉及的关键技术,如映射可扩展技术、路由信任机制、多径路由技术、服务质量保证、路由监测管理技术,进行了研究和探讨。     

无线移动自组织互联网

结合无线移动通信技术的最新进展，简单介绍了无线移动自组织互联网的概念、特点、网络结构和协议，并在此基础上介绍了无线移动自组织互联网的链路技术、分群路由协议、移动IP管理技术、网络集成技术及其未来的发展方向。     

HIP技术在异构网融合中的应用

传统TCP/IP网络中的IP扮演着主机标识和路由的双重角色,而主机身份标识协议（Host Identity Protocol,HIP）的出现则引起了网络层次的较大改变,它把IP用来标识主机的功能剥离出来,从而解决了IP地址在网络中由于多种协议需要其标识身份而带来的困难。文中通过将HIP协议应用于移动终端的方式,保证了移动终端在进行网络切换时（改变IP）的通信不中断,从而为异质网络融合提供了基本的技术支持。     

基于流记录的非对称路由检测

针对同时使用多个ISP接入服务的校园网,网络边界路由的错误配置导致非对称路由现象发生,提出了一种基于流记录的非对称路由检测(FARD, flow-based asymmetry routing detection)方法。该方法利用TCP面向连接的传输特性结合IP地址的归属,基于边界路由器提供的流记录数据定位网络中可能存在非对称路由的IP地址。算法基于CERNET 2个主节点的接入路由器流记录进行了验证。     

层次式交换网络

文章认为互联网核心设备不堪重负、网络行为难以预测、数据包路径不确定、可控可管和可扩展性差、无法实现服务质量保障、网络设施易受攻击、核心路由设备复杂昂贵耗电等一系列缺陷,是由互联网的路由系统引起的。文章提出一种新的网络体系结构,将网络拓扑与网络编址相结合,提出逻辑节点和逻辑信道的概念保证树形结构的可靠性,用短接信道技术提供连接的灵活性,以简单的IP交换替代IP路由克服现有网络的各种缺陷。     

移动IP技术分析

移动IPv4是基于网络层的移动管理协议,无论从位置管理还是移动切换管理都采用基于网络层IP来实现。作为支持宏观移动的技术,移动IP可以与微观移动的技术,如蜂窝IP等相结合应用。本文着重介绍移动IPv4技术的基本原理,同时从安全、路由和网络层的移动切换的角度,引入相关的补充技术,如安全认证机制、路由优化技术和平滑切换技术,提供完善的移动IP实现。     

移动IP技术分析

移动IPv4是基于网络层的移动管理协议，无论从位置管理还是移动切换管理都采用基于网络层IP来实现。作为支持宏观移动的技术，移动IP可以与微观移动的技术，如蜂窝IP等相结合应用。本着重介绍移动IPv4技术的基本原理，同时从安全、路由和网络层的移动切换的角度，引入相关的补充技术，如安全认证机制、路由优化技术和平滑切换技术，提供完善的移动IP实现。     

移动自组织网络中可扩展的定位符/标识符分离路由协议

In the traditional Internet Protocol (IP) architecture, there is an overload of IP semantic problems. Existing solutions focused mainly on the infrastructure for the fixed network, and there is a lack of support for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). To improve scalability. A routing protocol for MANETs is presented based on a locator named Tree-structure Locator Distance Vector (TLDV). The hard core of this routing method is the identifier/locator split by the Distributed Hash Table (DHT ) method, which provides a scalable routing service. The node locator indicates its relative location in the network and should be updated whenever topology changes . Locator space is organized as a tree-structure, and the basic routing operation of the TLDV protocol is presented. TLDV protocol is compared to some classical routing protocols for MANETs on the NS2 platform. Results show that TLDV has better scalability.     

互联网路由可扩展问题探讨

随着Internet网络的迅猛发展,传统互联网架构面临着严峻挑战,尤其是路由可扩展问题。本文阐述了互联网路由可扩展问题的背景,分析了导致路由系统可扩展性问题的内在原因和外部原因,在此基础上讨论了设计新型网络架构时所需要满足的要求,并对目前主要的技术策略及思路,以及几个重要解决方案进行了分析与对比。     

Combining trust with location information for routing in wireless sensor networks

As the applications of wireless sensor networks proliferate, the efficiency in supporting large sensor networks and offering security guarantees becomes an important requirement in the design of the relevant networking protocols. Geographical routing has been proven to efficiently cope with large network dimensions while trust management schemes have been shown to assist in defending against routing attacks. Once trust information is available for all network nodes, the routing decisions can take it into account, i.e. routing can be based on both location and trust attributes. In this paper, we investigate different ways to incorporate trust in location‐based routing schemes and we propose a novel way of balancing trust and location information. Computer simulations show that the proposed routing rule exhibits excellent performance in terms of delivery ratio, latency time and path optimality. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Architecture for mobility and QoS support in all-IP wireless networks

Mobility management and quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning are the important tasks on the future development of wireless networks. The high host mobility makes these tasks more challenging. In this paper, we propose an architecture which supports both mobility and QoS management in Internet protocol (IP)-based wireless networks. In mobility management, the fast handoff, which the packets are forwarded in advance to the neighboring locations where a mobile node (MN) may move to, is provided to reduce the service disruption. Also, the fast location lookup, which the routing information about a MN is replicated to some routers, is provided to avoid the triangular routing problem incurred by the protocol of mobile IP. In QoS provisioning, we enable the end-to-end QoS guarantee by using the resource reservation protocol (RSVP) signaling. In particular, the RSVP aggregation technique is used to avoid the scalability problem. Also, the technique of passive resource reservation is used to reduce the influence of host mobility on the resource reservation delay. We emphasize the integration of mobility and QoS management in the architecture design. A performance analysis is given to justify the benefits of our proposed architecture.     

对新型网络路由机制的思考

路由是网络的结构基石,新型网络路由机制是构建新型网络体系的必需。目前网际层的路由本质上是所谓的"单下一跳路由"机制,解决网络传输拥塞问题的一个根本措施在于改变当前网络单下一跳的选路模式,允许多条路径的并行传输。边界网关协议(BGP)是目前Internet唯一采用的域间路由协议,针对当前域间路由系统面临的规模可扩展性问题,文章提出了一个规模可扩展的新型分层域间路由架构(s-idra)。除了可扩展性以外,路由体系还面临其他挑战,比如安全性、服务质量(QoS)、组播、移动、动态网络拓扑等等。路由协议尤其是未来新型信息网络体系结构的路由协议的研究任重而道远。     

Secure interconnection protocol for integrated Internet and ad hoc networks

Integration of ad hoc networks with the Internet provides global Internet connectivity for ad hoc hosts through the coordination of mobile IP and ad hoc protocols. In a pure ad hoc network, it is difficult to establish trust relationship between two ad hoc hosts due to lack of infrastructure or centralized administration. In this paper, an infrastructure‐supported and distributed authentication protocol is proposed to enhance trust relationships amongst ad hoc hosts. In addition, an effective secure routing protocol (SRP) is discussed to protect the multi‐hop route for Internet and ad hoc communication. In the integrated ad hoc networks with Internet accessibility, the ad hoc routing security deployed with the help of infrastructure has a fundamental impact on ad hoc hosts in term of Internet access, integrity, and authentication. Both analysis and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed security protocol. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Applying PTF/VTF routing policies in multilayer IP/MPLS-based ASON/GMPLS multi-domain networks

The IP/MPLS-based ASON/GMPLS hybrid network architecture enables the interaction between the IP layer and the optical dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) layer. This architecture makes it possible to transfer huge amounts of traffic data on DWDM networks, while supporting Internet Protocol (IP)-based service applications. Additionally, this architecture provides a unified routing scenario, which allows the dynamic routing in both the IP layer and/or optical layer. Cross- layer routing has been addressed in single domain networks scenarios, where the routing policies Physical Topology First (PTF) and Virtual Topology First (VTP) have been proposed and applied. However, applying cross-layer routing using both routing topology policies PTF and VTF has not been investigated in a multi-domain networks scenario yet. In this study, we address this issue and propose a routing scheme to establish traffic connections in the optical WDM layer and the IP layer, which makes the applicability of PTF and VTF in multilayer multi-domain network feasible.     

A comparative study of name resolution and routing mechanisms in information-centric networks

Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is an innovative paradigm for the future internet architecture, which addresses IP network limitations in supporting content distribution and information access by decoupling content from hosts and providing the ability to retrieve a content object by its name (identifier), rather than its storage location (IP address). Name resolution and routing is critical for content retrieval in ICN networks. In this research, we perform a comparative study of two widely used classes of ICN name resolution and routing schemes, namely flooding and Distributed Hash Table (DHT). We consider the flooding-based routing in Content-Centric Networks due to its wide acceptance. For the DHT scheme, we design a multi-level DHT that takes into account the underlying network topology and uses name aggregation to further reduce control overhead and improve network efficiency. Then, we compare the characteristics and performance of these two classes of name resolution and routing through extensive simulations. The evaluation results show that the performances of these two approaches are reliant on several factors, including network size, content location dynamics, and content popularity. Our study reveals insights into the design tradeoffs and offers guidelines for design strategies.     

Multipath inter-domain routing for named data networking

To facilitate content retrieval among NDN domains,a multipath inter-domain routing for named data networking(MIRNDN)was proposed.Under MIRNDN,an AS(autonomous system)maintained merely the routing state of content reachable from its own network or from its customers’ networks and aggregated routing information to mitigate routing scalability issue; “valley free”routing policy was applied to guide Interest packets that solicit content unreachable from the AS’s own network nor from its customers’ networks to explore matching data packets via multiple paths,and NDN’s requests aggregation,in-network caching and adaptive forwarding optimized such exploration; the reachability information of content from multiple paths was collected to support Interest multipath forwarding.The properties of FIB size and the convergence time and communication cost of routing update under MIRNDN were analyzed in theory.The experimental results in the AS level topology of current Internet validates that MIRNDN mitigates the scalability issue of NDN inter-domain routing,has relative short convergence time and moderate communication cost for routing update,and effectively reduces unnecessary Interest forwarding.