刍议煤炭开采中绿色开采技术探索研究

随着煤炭开采的日益加剧,各地的矿井开采条件也越来越复杂.针对传统煤炭开采导致的环境破坏等问题,提出煤炭开采应进行绿色开采.通过开展煤炭绿色开采技术探索研究,总结了煤与瓦斯共采、保水开采、减沉技术、矸石处理等煤炭绿色开采技术,分析并结合实际提出煤炭绿色开采建议;供同行参考.     

刍议煤炭开采中绿色开采技术探索研究

随着煤炭开采的日益加剧,各地的矿井开采条件也越来越复杂。针对传统煤炭开采导致的环境破坏等问题,提出煤炭开采应进行绿色开采．通过开展煤炭绿色开采技术探索研究,总结了煤与瓦斯共采、保水开采、减沉技术、矸石处理等煤炭绿色开采技术,分析并结合实际提出煤炭绿色开采建议;供同行参考。     

煤炭开采中绿色开采技术浅议

随着煤炭开采的日益加剧,各地的矿井开采条件也越来越复杂。针对传统煤炭开采导致的环境破坏等问题,提出煤炭开采应进行绿色开采．通过开展煤炭绿色开采技术探索研究,总结了媒与瓦斯共采、保水开采、减沉技术、矸石处理等煤炭绿色开采技术,分析了,并结合实际提出煤炭绿色开采建议;供同行参考。     

天然气水合物开采技术研究现状与展望

天然气水合物是一种世界公认的最具潜力的清洁能源,目前我国对水合物的勘探开采研究正进入关键突破阶段,南海泥质粉砂天然气水合物成藏机理与赋存规律尚不明晰,开采过程水合物分解相变机制与安全、高效技术仍需进一步探明。本文重点介绍了包括降压开采、固态流化开采等在内的天然气水合物开采技术的研究与应用现状,并通过分析天然气水合物开采技术存在的问题给出了相应的发展建议。研究建议,推动天然气水合物、深部油气等多气源立体开采基础研究和重大工程;强化技术融合,推进理论与实践协同并进;推进天然气水合物中试尺度实验和多场耦合的数值模拟大科学平台建设;建立健全天然气水合物的相关标准等措施,以提升我国天然气水合物开采技术的研发水平和技术成熟度,以期早日实现天然气水合物的大规模商业化开发,服务于我国的能源安全战略。     

聚能管串珠控制爆破在花岗石开采中的应用

断裂控制爆破是近几年迅速发展起来的新的控制爆破技术,应用该技术进行石材开采,生产效率高,经济效益好,尤其是对于以控制爆破为主要开采方法的花岗石矿山,其效果更为显著。在石材开采工艺中,难度最大且对荒料质量起主要影响作用的,是从母岩体采下巨     

高瓦斯矿井通风技术探析

在我国煤矿开采过程中会产生大量的瓦斯,如果不能处理好瓦斯问题就容易引发事故。因此对于矿井开采过程出现的高瓦斯应该进行相应的通风处理是十分必要的,不仅可以大幅度的提高我国矿坑开采过程中的安全性,还能有效的推动我国煤矿企业的发展。结合矿井实际,文章论述了高瓦斯矿井两种常见的通风技术,即高瓦斯均压通风技术和高瓦斯B型通风技术。     

露天矿场有规则安全小平台开采方法

文中提出了在高阶段不分层开采的露天矿场采用“有规则安全小平台开采方法”。开采坡度能够得到控制，有效地控制了采石场经常发生的塌方事故，能提高产量，降低生产成本，安全性好，且技术简单，易于推广。     

煤矿绿色开采技术浅谈

传统的煤炭开采技术会对环境造成巨大影响，主要表现在造成大气污染、水资源破坏、土地资源破坏。因此有必要实施绿色开采技术，绿色开采技术主要有控制地表形态变形的开采技术、保水开采技术、煤与瓦斯共采技术和煤炭地下气化技术等。     

三次采油技术的现状与发展趋势探讨

近年来,随着我国经济的快速发展,对于石油的需求也越来越大。在原有的开采过程中,开采的难度随着开采深度的增加而增加,同时开采的成本也相应的提高。通过使用三次采用技术能够更好的提高原油的采收率,降低原油的开采成本。三次采油技术主要通过使用生物技术、化学技术与物理技术的有机结合来提升原油的开采效率。本文主要对三次采油技术的类型与发展现状进行分析介绍。     

浅议煤矿开采技术的现状与前景

随着煤矿开采技术的进步,煤矿开采的应用水平逐渐提高,采煤机械化的程度越来越高,煤矿开采技术应用范围也越来越广泛。然而随着煤矿开采工作的进行,许多生态问题也随之出现。本文从几种常用的地下采煤技术出发,对煤矿开采技术的现状与前景进行了简要讨论。分析指出,综合开采技术有利于煤炭工业可持续发展。     

煤矿综采面安全生产评价研究

[摘要]矿井事故高发区域是煤矿综采工作面,煤矿环境的特殊在很大程度上增加了确保安全生产的难度系数,矿井生产具有其他行业所不具有的特殊性、复杂性以及多变性,其中发生率较高的矿井事故类型有透水、煤炭自燃、瓦斯或煤尘爆炸以及职业病等。本文首先介绍了综采工作面常见事故类型,其次阐述了构建煤矿综采面安全生产评价指标体系应遵循的原则,最后对确定综采工作面安全生产评价指标权值加以探讨。     

潘一矿-788m水平井底车场设计体会

对潘一矿一788m水平井底车场及井底车场主要硐室设计进行了分析，得出结论：潘一矿～788m水平井底车场及主要硐室布置科学合理，值得推广借鉴，且矿井设计设计要本着“好岩，远煤、疏布”的原则开展。     

煤炭科技术语国家标准规范性刍议

本文分析了煤炭科技术语国家标准中定义的表述,量、单位名称及其符号的使用,汉字及标点符号的使用,条目编排结构等规范性问题,指出应加强煤炭科技术语国家标准的规范性,以便于信息交流与利用,促进煤炭科技发展.     

燃煤发电厂储煤场自燃热损失的评估

煤炭周转不合理导致了自燃在燃煤发电厂露天储煤场频频发生,降低了入炉煤的发热量,增加了灰分,直接影响锅炉机组运行的安全性和经济性.为了掌握不同存煤阶段煤堆热损失的变化规律,本文以煤场某典型煤种为研究对象,开展了煤场温度监测试验,并在试验的基础上建立自燃热损失评估的数学模型.研究结果表明,存煤初期煤堆热损失以线性函数规律增加,入场存放30d后煤堆热损失以幂指数函数增长的趋势急剧增加,因此应在30～40d内完成入场煤的周转,实现合理存煤、用煤,减少入炉前发热量的损失,为开发燃煤发电厂储煤场自燃热损失评估系统、降低发电成本提供奠定了基础.     

煤炭产业技术创新战略的探讨

在分析和探讨技术创新及其战略理论的基础上,分析了我国煤炭产业的技术创新及其战略问题,考虑到技术发展阶段差异较大的特点,先进企业的创新战略应选择率先创新与模仿创新并存,其他大多数企业则应主要采用模仿创新战略,并形成产学研相结合、主体及模式多元化的集成创新格局。     

基于膏体充填的煤矿绿色开采激励机制研究

膏体充填开采技术以其提高资源采出率、促进安全生产、有效保护环境的特点,成为煤矿绿色开采体系的重要组成部分。膏体充填协调采煤维护原有环境状态的同时,会带来新的环境治理成本。考虑建立政府与煤矿企业的委托代理模型,分析不同约束条件,设计政府对企业的激励机制,鼓励企业采用膏体充填协调采煤,实现完全成本核算体系。这对于实现煤炭产业协调可持续发展是有利的。     

Coping with carbon: a near-term strategy to limit carbon dioxide emissions from power stations

Burning coal to generate electricity is one of the key sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions; so, targeting coal-fired power plants offers one of the easiest ways of reducing global carbon emissions. Given that the world's largest economies all rely heavily on coal for electricity production, eliminating coal combustion is not an option. Indeed, coal consumption is likely to increase over the next 20-30 years. However, the introduction of more efficient steam cycles will improve the emission performance of these plants over the short term. To achieve a reduction in carbon emissions from coal-fired plant, however, it will be necessary to develop and introduce carbon capture and sequestration technologies. Given adequate investment, these technologies should be capable of commercial development by ca 2020.     

Simulation of Sidewall Failure in Coal Mine Roadways Using an Extended Continuous Joint Model

Coal is well developed with beddings, and the beddings play an important role in the stability of tunnel stability of coal mine. This study focused on jointed rock mass with two sets of joint and proposed an extended ubiquitous model and associated numerical implementation accounting for joint spacing to represent geometric features of coal. The failure criteria of two sets of joint proposed in this paper not only accounted for joint spacing, but also contained the ubiquitous joint model. This extended theory was validated against the discontinuous deformation analysis method, the plane of weakness theory and experimental results for jointed coal with different joint fabric. The model is also used to analyze tunnel stability of roadways in coal mine with different joint spacing. The ubiquitous joint model could simulate jointed coal with small joint spacing, but for that with larger joint spacing, the ubiquitous joint model is not applicable and the joint model containing joint spacing proposed by this paper should be used. A series of comparisons demonstrated that the proposed model was capable of considering the influence of joint spacing on jointed coal tunnel with two sets of joint.     

Simulation of coal pressurized pyrolysis process in an industrial-scale spout-fluid bed reactor

A three-dimensional Eulerian-Lagrangian model, facilitated with multiphase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) method, was developed to simulate gas-solid flow and pyrolysis characteristics of coal (with the capacity of 500 thousand tons per year) in an industrial-scale spout-fluid bed reactor (H = 16.6 m and D = 3.1 m), aiming at providing guidance for industrial application of pressurized grade conversion of coal. The performance of the reactor and the effects of operating parameters such as coal feeding rate, semi-coke to coal ratio, and particle sizes were numerically investigated. It was found that the flow pattern in this case is a “jet in the fluidized bed with bubbling”. The raise of pressure has a positive impact on the spouting structure and the flow uniformly. The increase of the semi-coke to coal ratio is beneficial to the coal pyrolysis, but the improvement of the pyrolysis is limited and the number of particles in the reactor will be sharply increased. With the increase of particle sizes, the flow pattern in the pyrolysis reactor tends to be stable while the mixing effectiveness is getting worse. It is suggested that the particle size of the material should range within 0–6 mm.     

Coal Rock Condition Detection Model Using Acoustic Emission and Light Gradient Boosting Machine

Coal rock mass instability fracture may result in serious hazards to underground coal mining. Acoustic emissions (AE) stimulated by internal structure fracture should carry lots of favorable information about health condition of rock mass. AE as a sensitive non-destructive test method is gradually utilized to detect anomaly conditions of coal rock. This paper proposes an improved multi-resolution feature to extract AE waveform at different frequency resolutions using Coilflet Wavelet Transform method (CWT). It is further adopt an efficient Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) by several cascaded sub weak classifier models to merge AE features at different views of frequency for coal rock anomaly damage recognition. The results denote that the proposed method achieves excellent recognition performance on anomaly damage levels of coal rock. It is an effective method to detect the critical stability further to predict the rock mass bursting in time.