基于Pro/E的参数驱动的标准零件库的建立

文章介绍了Pro/E二次开发的接口:Pro/Toolkit和Pro/Toolkit开发环境.并且说明了用Pro/Toolkit和数据库技术开发一个基于Pro/E的参数驱动的标准零件库所涉及到的关键技术.最后以一个基于Pro/E的参数驱动的家具五金标准件库的建立为实例,说明了用Pro/Toolkit和数据库技术开发一个基于Pro/E的参数驱动的标准件库的具体实现方法.     

基于Pro/Toolkit二次开发的机械零件参数化设计

Pro/Toolkit是Pro/E自带的功能最强大的二次开发工具.文章介绍了Pro/E二次开发的方法,论述了Pro/Toolkit二次开发的步骤,并以齿轮减速器轴为例,详细阐述了基于Pro/Toolkit二次开发的机械零件参数化设计的实现过程.     

Pro／E在可控制起动行星齿轮减速装置设计中的应用

利用Pro/E创建可控制起动行星齿轮减速装置零件的三维实体模型,通过利用Pro/E的Relations等功能来实现齿轮的参数化建模设计,同时进行了零件的装配设计.介绍了利用Pro/E进行三维建模的设计要点.     

ODBC在Pro/TOOLKIT参数化设计中的应用

本文介绍了在Pro/E二次开发中参数化设计的基本思想.以渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮为例,阐述了在Pro/E下用Pro/TOOLKIT和VC进行二次开发的过程,并加入了ODBC技术,采用C/S结构,把数据库引入程序中,为程序提供了强有力的支持,为Pro/E的二次开发提供参考.     

基于Pro/E的盒子零件模具设计

以盒子零件为例,介绍了应用Pro/E软件进行产品三维建模和模具设计的流程.同时,详细讨论了在Pro/E的模具模块创建分型面的四种方法,以及模具的开模仿真与装配的具体过程.结果反映了应用Pro/E软件进行模具设计的优越性.     

Pro/E组件的分模方法与技巧

Pro/E在模具设计方面已经普遍应用,基于多年来对Pro/E软件应用的一些实践和心得,简单介绍Pro/E Wildfire组件的分模方法与技巧.     

基于Pro／Toolkit二次开发的参数化设计系统的研究

Pro/Toolkit是Pro/E软件提供的功能强大的二次开发工具,对其进行二次开发具有重要的现实意义.文章提出了参数化设计的系统结构,论述了在Pro/E Wildfire环境下,利用其开发工具参数(Parameters)结合关系式(Relations)功能来实现锥齿轮参数化造型的方法,并对菜单开发设计和MFC对话框开发设计的关键技术进行了研究.利用VC+ +.Net技术和Pro/E二次开发工具Pro/Toolkit,通过动态连接库方式,成功实现了与 Pro/E Wildfire 4.0系统集成的齿轮零件参数化设计系统的二次开发.研究表明,开发出适合具体零件的设计系统,可以极大的提高设计效率, 缩短新产品的设计周期.     

基于Pro/E的盒体压铸模设计研究

论述了应用Pro/E及其二次开发工具Pro/TOOLKIT等软件对盒体类压铸模设计的问题,介绍了基于Pro/E的盒体压铸模设计系统的结构及其组成部分.研究表明,通过对Pro/E的二次开发,可以完成从三维图形到二维图形的转化,从而实现盒体类压铸模的实体及平面图的设计过程,显著地缩短了盒体类压铸模的设计周期,提高生产效率.     

基于Pro/E的弧面凸轮分度机构建模研究

阐述了利用Pro/E软件实现零件三维造型的方法,同时完成了弧面凸轮分度机构数字样机的构建.运用Pro/E提高了设计效率,缩短了产品开发周期.     

一种基于Pro/E实现复杂解析曲面精确绘制的方法

提出了一种基于Matlab点阵数据模型产生CAD三维网格模型的建模方法,在Pro/E中实现了对复杂解析曲面的精确绘制.该方法充分利用了Matlab数据建模优势,将Matlab数据模型建模与Pro/E软件中曲面模型设计结合起来,达到在Pro/E中高效、准确创建复杂解析曲面的目的.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.