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环境砷污染及其治理技术发展趋势 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文阐述了砷的毒性以及其引起的环境污染,并详细说明了国内砷污染的现状,随后总结了砷污染防治的方法,及砷污染的主要对策——生物法。生物法是一种环境友好的方法,它包括微生物法和植物法以及微生物和植物联合修复法。其中利用微生物和植物联合修复法具有很好的发展前景,是未来治理受砷污染的水体和土壤的主要方法。 相似文献
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砷是一种有毒并致癌的化学元素,稻田砷污染对我国食品安全造成了重大威胁。目前,用于治理土壤砷污染的方法和技术并不少,但应用于大面积中轻度污染治理的技术还不成熟。水稻施硅是一种可行的重金属污染治理技术,但其叶面施硅技术的效果和机制目前上不明确。本文研究了叶面施纳米硅溶胶对水稻砷吸收的影响,确证了纳米硅溶胶对水稻根茎叶砷积累的降低作用,为农田砷污染治理提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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砷在我国是优先控制的污染元素.治理含砷废水对于提高环境质量,保证农产品安全具有重要意义.作者针对国内外含砷废水的来源、数量和污染危害情况,综述了近年来各种除砷新技术的研究进展,内容包括物理、化学及生物除砷的主要技术,以期为在实际生产中开发和利用修复技术提供参考. 相似文献
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0 引言 山东金沂蒙集团在利用含砷硫铁矿生产硫酸时,排出的酸性含砷废水若不治理就直接排放将会对周边环境造成污染.为了治理该废水,金沂蒙集团建设了一套硫酸生产废水治理双水闭路循环系统,经过5年连续稳定运行,达到了硫酸生产废水零排放,为高砷硫铁矿的利用找到了一条新的途径. 相似文献
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《全国土壤污染状况调查公报》表明,砷是点位超标较为严重的类金属。砷因其具有可变价态,并可形成具有不同毒性的物质,从而对土壤和地下水造成污染,破坏生态环境,危害人体健康。目前,国内外主要利用固化/稳定化技术、植物修复技术、土壤淋洗技术和电动修复技术等对砷污染场地进行修复。本文综合美国超级基金项目、欧洲国家修复案例和国内案例,讨论了不同修复技术的修复周期、经济成本和国内外应用情况,并对国内砷污染场地修复技术的前景提出建议,为砷污染场地修复提供理论依据。 相似文献
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采用实验室自制磷酸铁,从溶液的p H值、砷初始浓度、温度、搅拌速度等方面探讨磷酸铁对砷的吸附作用。得到磷酸铁吸附砷的最佳工艺条件为:砷初始浓度为0.000 1 mol/L、p H=7、搅拌速度为600 r/min、反应体系温度为80℃和反应时间为1 h,该条件下磷酸铁对砷的吸附效率达到99.6%。为解决饮用水或土壤中砷污染的问题提供一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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中职学校化工类专业"化妆品生产与检验"课程中,化妆品产品总砷含量的测定是重要的实训任务之一。为了避免实训过程中所产生的含砷废液对环境污染,必须对含砷废液进行处理及检验。本处理方法是基于大多数中职学校化学实验室的条件,采用降解性高、成本低、处理工艺简单的石灰沉淀法、石灰-铁盐沉淀法根据m(Ca)/m(As)和m(Fe)/m(As)进行不同方法的处理,并通过砷斑法检验处理液的砷含量是否达到国家排放标准,从而总结最佳的实验室处理含砷废液的方法。 相似文献
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Preparation of Arsenic Oxide and High Purity UltrafineAntimony Compounds from Flue Dust Containing Arsenic and Antimony 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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1 INTRODUCTIONIt is estimated that there are about 6000 tons of arsenic loaded into smelters along with theirvarious concentrates each year in China(reference data from 1986).As result,a lot of flue dustcontaning arsenic and antimony is produced.Utilization and treatment of this flue dust are ofsignificance for the econony of recovery of arsenic and antimony and the environmental protection.But conventional treatment processes of Pyrometallurgical volatilization and hydrometallurgicalleaching are unsatisfactory because of the difficulty in seperating As and Sb as well as inpreventing secondary pollution.This research is intended to develop a new low temperaturechlorination-distillation process with high recovery of val uables and low pollution. 相似文献
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砷形态分析方法及其样品预处理技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
环境中砷污染问题已引起社会各界的广泛关注。由于不同形态砷的毒性相差甚远,因此,砷的形态分析对于了解砷化物的生态影响及其在环境中迁移转化规律具有重要意义。而不同形态的砷化物在稳定性上存在差异,故选用适当的预处理技术,以确保样品在分离和富集的过程中砷形态及其组成不发生变化。因此,围绕砷形态分析中各种环境样品(如土壤、沉积物、食品、生物样品、水样等)的预处理技术和分析检测方法展开综述,总结了现代常用的砷形态分析检测方法及与之匹配的适当的环境样品预处理技术,并分析了各种方法的优缺点和适用性。 相似文献
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TRYGGVE BAAK 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1959,42(1):27-29
Vapor pressures of arsenic trioxide over glass have been determined. From these results, together with analytical data of trivalent and pentavalent arsenic in the glass and the oxygen pressure, the free energies of solution of arsenic trioxide and arsenic pentoxide have been calculated. In a similar way the free energy of formation of Na4 As2 O7 from the oxides has been determined for comparison. 相似文献
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Ping Na Xiumin Jia Bin Yuan Yuan Li Jiyu Na Yuchen Chen Linshuang Wang 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2010,85(5):708-714
BACKGROUND: Arsenic pollution in drinking water has been found in most countries. Arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)) are two major forms of inorganic arsenic species, and the latter is the more toxic. The removal of arsenic ions from water has attracted increased attention, and therefore further understanding and development of techniques for removal of arsenic ions are required. RESULTS: Adsorption of arsenate and arsenite from aqueous solutions using Ti‐pillared montmorillonite (Ti‐MMT) was investigated as a function of contact time, pH, temperature, coexisting ions, and ionic strength. The adsorption of both arsenate and arsenite were temperature and pH dependent, indicating different adsorption mechanisms. The effect of coexisting ions on the adsorption was also studied and, among the ions investigated, only phosphate had a noticeable influence on the adsorption of arsenate, while the effect of other ions was negligible. A pseudo‐second‐order chemical reaction model was obtained for both arsenate and arsenite; adsorption isotherms of arsenate and arsenite fitted the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models well. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to study the nature of surface elements before and after adsorption. CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrates that Ti‐pillared montmorillonite is an efficient material for the removal of arsenate and arsenite from aqueous solutions. Experimental parameters such as contact time, solution pH, temperature, initial concentration, coexisting ions, and ionic strength have been optimized. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献