径向进给射流电解车削圆柱表面试验

径向进给射流电解车削加工是针对难加工材料回转体零件表面特征,利用电解液从阴极刀具内部喷向工件,刀具沿径向逐渐向工件进给进行电化学溶解的加工方法。通过流场仿真,优选出阴极刀具结构,利用10%的NaNO3溶液对316L不锈钢材料圆柱表面进行试验研究,分析平衡间隙、加工电压、工件转速、电解液压力对材料去除率和工件表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明:利用优选的刀具,对直径20 mm、高度10 mm的316L不锈钢圆柱表面径向单边车削0.5 mm,材料去除率可达0.391 g/min,表面粗糙度Ra<0.2μm。     

Electrochemical discharge dressing of metal bond micro-grinding tools

Micromachining using miniature metal bond grinding tools is widely used in microelectromechanical systems. However, dressing of these micro-tools is time-consuming and likely to damage the abrasives. In this paper, a novel dressing technique called electrochemical discharge dressing (ECDD) is presented. A dull micro-end grinding bit and an auxiliary electrode are connected to the cathode and anode of a power supply, respectively. The auxiliary electrode is immersed in an electrolyte, and the grinding face of the tool is in contact with the electrolyte surface. During dressing, metal bond on the tool-electrolyte interface is progressively removed subjected to electrochemical discharge effect, thus creating grain protrusion. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the dressing performance of ECDD in terms of surface morphology of the tool, grinding force and surface roughness of the workpiece. Experimental results show that abrasive grains on the tool protrude without observable damage. The normal grinding force and the surface roughness of the workpiece are reduced by half after dressing.     

脉冲振动电解加工对圆柱型面复制精度的影响

开展了不锈钢材料脉冲振动电解加工的试验研究,设计了试验所需的工装夹具、工具电极和电解液流场。采用圆柱型面的工具电极电解加工不锈钢工件,通过对比试验分析了直流匀速进给电解加工和脉冲振动电解加工的精度差异,并优化了加工参数,获得了较佳的进给速度和脉冲电流占空比。对比二种加工方式证明脉冲振动电解加工能有效提高电解加工精度。     

TC4钛合金异形型腔电解加工实验研究

通过分析钛合金电解加工时金属基体表面点蚀、钝化过程,研究了NaNO_3电解液、NaCl电解液及其混合电解液对TC4钛合金的电化学溶解特性的影响。对比分析不同成分电解液中的工件表面质量和加工效率,最终选用质量分数为10%NaNO_3和20%NaCl的混合电解液进行TC4钛合金异形型腔电解加工工艺实验。结果表明:采用混合电解液可实现TC4钛合金异形型腔的高效加工,稳定加工速度可达2.8 mm/min;当阴极进给速度为2.4 mm/min时,型腔一致性较好。     

Electrochemical micromachining of microstructures of micro hole and dimple array

This paper proposes a method of electrochemical micromachining of micro hole or dimple array, in which a patterned insulation plate coated with metal film as cathode is closely attached to workpiece plate. When voltage is applied across the workpiece and cathode film over which the electrolyte flows at high speed, hole or dimple array will be produced. The proposed technology offers unique advantages such as short lead time and low cost. The effect of process parameters on the microstructure shape was demonstrated numerically and experimentally. Arrays of holes or dimples of several hundred micrometers diameter have been produced.     

立式刻槽和扩孔电解加工装置设计

针对刻槽和扩孔需提高加工效率和改善表面粗糙度的问题,采用固定阴极立式布局方式设计电解加工装置.通过设计聚液套和分液锥帽保证流场均匀;采用杠杆使导电板在弹簧的作用下紧紧压住工件保证接电可靠;采用带动定心功能的锥形夹具装夹保证工件和阴极;夹具中采用垫块粗调和螺纹细调配合使用,使该装置具有一定的加工范围;根据加工对象的槽宽、槽深确定阴极工作条的宽度,设计了刻槽和扩孔阴极各一套.通过更换夹具和阴极,可完成多种口径和长度零件的刻槽和扩孔加工.     

Enhancement of mass transport in micro wire electrochemical machining

In micro wire electrochemical machining, the machining gap between the cathode wire and anode workpiece is so tiny that it is difficult to remove electrolysis products and renew electrolyte, leading to frequent electric short circuits and quite low processing speed. Three approaches of enhancing mass transport, electrolyte flushing along the wire, wire traveling in one direction and micro-vibration of cathode wire have been studied theoretically and experimentally in this paper. The results demonstrate that the proposed methods significantly enhance the mass transport and thus improve the machining stability, the productivity and the surface quality for micro wire electrochemical machining.     

涡轮叶片电解加工阴极设计方法研究

电解加工技术是目前航天航空发动机核心零部件涡轮叶片的主要加工方法之一。叶片电解加工工具阴极设计方法与修正是提高叶片电解加工精度的关键。电解加工中阴极进给角度、工件装夹角度和工件型面法线方向夹角的规范性和均匀性是影响阴极设计准确性的重要因素。分析某小型发动机涡轮转子叶片三维模型结构,建立叶片型面上各采样点对应的阴极工具型面加工间隙的分布规律模型。优化阴极进给角度与毛坯件装夹角度,结合电场仿真分析进行优化,研究提高阴极型面设计精确度的电解加工阴极型面模型的设计方法。     

Friction stir channeling: Characterization of the channels

Commercially available compact heat exchangers are currently fabricated in several steps by joining multiple tubes, or by independently fabricating and joining fluid channels. Friction stir channeling (FSC) is a simple and innovative technique of manufacturing heat exchangers in a single step by creating continuous, integral channels in a monolithic plate in a single pass. FSC relies on the frictional heat generated between the tool material and the metal workpiece to soften and deform the material to facilitate the creation of a continuous channel. The channel shape, size, and integrity depend on the processing parameters and the tool design. In this paper the structural characteristics and the relationship between the channel features and the processing parameters are discussed. FSC is being developed as a technique for manufacturing heat exchangers. The channel is characterized by roughness features on the inside, which can be analyzed using optical microscopy techniques.     

An analytical model for the optimized design of micro-textured cutting tools

Proper design of micro-textured cutting tools is an effective strategy to improve the machining performance by reducing the tool-chip contact length and the resultant friction and thus improving tool life and workpiece surface integrity. In this paper, an Oxely-based analytical model is developed to optimize micro-textured cutting tool design(s) which eliminate the occurrence of derivative cutting. The model accommodates any workpiece material, tool geometry, and machining parameter. The model was validated by orthogonal cutting of AISI 1045 steel tubes. The results show that the optimum micro-texture design eliminates derivative cutting and lowers forces compared to the non-textured cutting tool.