共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 968 毫秒
1.
绿色高效溶剂--离子液体 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
室温离子液体是由有机阳离子和无机或有机阴离子构成的、在室温或室温附近温度下呈液体状态的盐类.本文综述了离子液体的4种合成方法,重点介绍了离子液体的物化性能及影响物化性能的因素,同时还对离子液体作为绿色高效溶剂在化学反应、电化学及分离工程中的应用进行了简要介绍. 相似文献
2.
3.
离子液体的应用研究进展 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
离子液体是在室温或室温附近下呈液态、具有离子特性的新型溶剂,具有超低蒸气压,也称为绿色溶剂。介绍了离子液体的历史发展、种类,论述了离子液体在化学反应、分离过程、电化学、高分子离子液体及其他领域中的应用。 相似文献
4.
5.
离子液体作为CO_2吸附剂的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
离子液体(ILs)是完全由特定阳、阴离子构成的在室温或近于室温下呈液态的物质,是一类新型"软"功能材料或介质,CO2能与ILs发生强相互作用,在其中具有很高的溶解度。本文综述了CO2在传统离子液体、功能化离子液体、聚合离子液体及其他形式离子液体中的溶解度,讨论了CO2在离子液体中溶解度的影响因素以及计算机模拟在离子液体溶解CO2研究中的应用,指出了离子液体作为吸收剂的优缺点,展望了其代替传统CO2吸收剂的研究前景。 相似文献
6.
7.
人口增长与全球工业化的加速发展促使化石能源需求量逐年递增,由此导致大气中二氧化碳(CO2)含量快速上升并引发了全球系列气候问题,“碳达峰·碳中和”背景下的CO2减排刻不容缓。传统工业捕集CO2方法由于能耗高、选择性较差、溶剂损耗大等问题限制了其大规模推广应用,离子液体因其极低挥发性、强的气体亲和性、可调的结构性质等特点在CO2捕集分离领域逐渐显示出独特优势,但离子液体特别是功能化后通常黏度较高或室温呈固态,导致气液传质效果差或无法直接应用于吸收分离过程。负载型离子液体兼具离子液体和多孔材料的共同优势,不仅能提升选择性分离效果,有效避免离子液体直接吸收造成的高黏度,还可拓展离子液体应用范围,具有广阔的发展前景。重点总结了近些年物理和化学负载型离子液体在CO2吸附分离方面的研究现状和进展,并对负载型离子液体捕集分离CO2研究的发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
8.
人口增长与全球工业化的加速发展促使化石能源需求量逐年递增,由此导致大气中二氧化碳(CO2)含量快速上升并引发了全球系列气候问题,“碳达峰·碳中和”背景下的CO2减排刻不容缓。传统工业捕集CO2方法由于能耗高、选择性较差、溶剂损耗大等问题限制了其大规模推广应用,离子液体因其极低挥发性、强的气体亲和性、可调的结构性质等特点在CO2捕集分离领域逐渐显示出独特优势,但离子液体特别是功能化后通常黏度较高或室温呈固态,导致气液传质效果差或无法直接应用于吸收分离过程。负载型离子液体兼具离子液体和多孔材料的共同优势,不仅能提升选择性分离效果,有效避免离子液体直接吸收造成的高黏度,还可拓展离子液体应用范围,具有广阔的发展前景。重点总结了近些年物理和化学负载型离子液体在CO2吸附分离方面的研究现状和进展,并对负载型离子液体捕集分离CO2研究的发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
9.
离子液体应用研究进展 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12
由于离子液体具有较低的熔点、良好的导电性和可以忽略的蒸汽压等优点,引起了科学界和工业界的广泛瞩目.随着研究的日益深入,室温离子液体已经被开发和应用到诸多领域.对室温离子液体应用的研究进展进行了综述,详细介绍了离子液体在电化学、化学反应、分离过程以及在新材料等方面的应用.并对该领域的研究前景作了展望. 相似文献
10.
离子液体作为可替代现有挥发性有机溶剂的新型绿色溶剂引起人们的广泛关注。离子液体是指在室温或接近室温下呈液态的全部由离子组成的物质,与固态物质相比较,它是液态的;与传统的液态物质相比较,它是离子的。由于离子液体不挥发、不可燃、导电性强、黏度低、热容大、蒸气压小、性质稳定,对许多无机盐和有机物有良好的溶解性,在分离过程和化学反应领域显示出良好的应用前景。 相似文献
11.
12.
Permeabilities and selectivities of gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen (N2) and methane (CH4) in six imidazolium-based ionic liquids ([emim][BF4], [bmim][BF4], [bmim][PF6], [hmim][BF4], [bmim][Tf2N] and [emim][CF3SO3]) supported on polyethersulfone microfiltration membranes are investigated in a single gas feed system using nitrogen as the environment and reference component at temperature from 25 to 45ºC and pressure of N2 from 100 to 400 kPa. It is found that SO2 has the highest permeability in the tested supported ionic liquid membranes, being an order of magnitude higher than that of CO2, and about 2 to 3 orders of magnitude larger than those of N2 and CH4. The observed selectivity of SO2 over the two ordinary gas components is also striking. It is shown experimentally that the dissolution and transport of gas components in the supported ionic liq-uid membranes, as well as the nature of ionic liquids play important roles in the gas permeation. A nonlinear in-crease of permeation rate with temperature and operation pressure is also observed for all sample gases. By considering the factors that influence the permeabilities and selectivities of CO2 and SO2, it is expected to develop an optimal supported ionic liquid membrane technology for the isolation of acidic gases in the near future. 相似文献
13.
Highly efficient separation of strongly hydrophilic structurally related compounds by hydrophobic ionic solutions 下载免费PDF全文
Qiwei Yang Shaocong Guo Xianxian Liu Zhiguo Zhang Zongbi Bao Huabin Xing Qilong Ren 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2018,64(4):1373-1382
The selective separation of strongly hydrophilic structurally related compounds in aqueous solutions is a long‐standing challenge due to a trade‐off between separation selectivity and capacity. This work shows a new method to separate strongly hydrophilic structurally related compounds through hydrophobic ionic solution‐based liquid‐liquid extraction, with L‐ascorbic acid 2‐glucoside (AA‐2G) and L‐ascorbic acid as model compounds. Extraordinary distribution coefficient, superb molecular selectivity, large extraction capacity and good recyclability without using strong acids and salts were all achieved, with a small consumption of phosphonium bromide ionic liquid and aprotic molecular diluent. The essence of this method is the successful combination of both strong hydrogen‐bond basicity and good hydrophobicity along with significant preferential solvation phenomena of the constructed ionic solutions. Even if at a high feed concentration of 100 mg/mL, the purity of AA‐2G could be greatly elevated from 50% to 96.2% with an ultrahigh yield of almost 100% after five‐stage countercurrent extraction. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 1373–1382, 2018 相似文献
14.
离子液体作为一种新型绿色介质,受到研究学者的广泛关注。离子液体具有不易燃、无味、无污染、无蒸汽压、可循环使用等独特性质,被广泛应用于化学化工过程中。离子液体用于膜分离技术具有不易挥发、稳定性好的特点,近来对离子液体在支撑液膜方面的研究备受关注,离子液体支撑液膜在污染性气体的吸收分离方面具有高选择性、高渗透性等优势,在有机物的分离方面具有分离效果明显、耐用性强等优势,在化学反应方面具有催化效率高、可循环使用等优势,本文介绍了离子液体支撑液膜的常用制备方法和膜基材料的选择,探讨了离子液体支撑液膜的稳定性和分离选择性的影响因素,对离子液体支撑液膜在气体分离、有机物的分离、化学反应等方面的应用研究进行了综述。 相似文献
15.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(7):1172-1177
In this work, ionic liquids/water distribution ratios (D) of azo dyes, including 1-(phenylazo)-2-naphthol, 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol, 4-(nitrophenylazo)resorcinol, 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol, and 2-(4-dimethylaminophenylazo) benzoic acid, have been determined experimentally. It was found that the D values are highly influenced by the pH of the water phase and the type of salts added. They increase with increasing alkyl chain length on the cations of the ionic liquids, and the anionic effect follows the order [BF4]? > [PF6]?. Possible extraction mechanism and selective separation of some azo dyes are also investigated. The results suggest that ionic liquids have potential applications in the removal and selective separation of azo dyes from water. 相似文献
16.
随着离子液体基础研究的稳步发展,离子液体在化工领域中的应用近年来得到了广泛关注。离子液体以其高效,清洁生产等诸多优点正在取代传统溶剂。文章对离子液体体系近年来在苹取分离领域的应用进行了分析综述。 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
Mass‐transfer rate enhancement for CO2 separation by ionic liquids: Theoretical study on the mechanism 下载免费PDF全文
Wenlong Xie Xiaoyan Ji Xin Feng Xiaohua Lu 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2015,61(12):4437-4444
To promote the development of ionic liquid (IL) immobilized sorbents and supported IL membranes (SILMs) for CO2 separation, the kinetics of CO2 absorption/desorption in IL immobilized sorbents was studied using a novel method based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics. It shows that the apparent chemical‐potential‐based mass‐transfer coefficients of CO2 were in three regions with three‐order difference in magnitude for the IL‐film thicknesses in microscale, 100 nm‐scale, and 10 nm‐scale. Using a diffusion‐reaction theory, it is found that by tailoring the IL‐film thickness from microscale to nanoscale, the process was altered from diffusion‐control to reaction‐control, revealing the inherent mechanism for the dramatic rate enhancement. The extension to SILMs shows that the significant improvement of CO2 flux can be obtained theoretically for the membranes with nanoscale IL‐films, which makes it feasible to implement CO2 separation by ILs with low investment cost. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 4437–4444, 2015 相似文献