基于压缩感知的SAR图像鲁棒编码传输

目的 尽管传统的联合信源信道编码方案可以获得高效的压缩性能,但当信道恶化超过信道编码的纠错能力时会导致解码端重构性能的急剧下降;为此利用压缩感知的民主性提出一种鲁棒的SAR图像编码传输方案,且采用了一系列方法提高该方案的率失真性能。方法 考虑到SAR图像丰富的边缘信息,采用具有更强方向表示能力的方向提升小波变换(DLWT)对SAR图像进行稀疏表示,且为消除压缩感知中恢复非稀疏信号时存在的混叠效应,采用了稀疏滤波方法保证大系数的精确恢复,在解码端采用了高效的Bayesian重建算法获得图像的高性能重建。结果 在同等码率下,与传统的联合信源信道编码方案CCSDS-RS相比,本文方案可以实现更加鲁棒的编码传输,当丢包率达到0.05时,本文方案DSFB-CS获得的重建性能明显要高于CCSDS-RS;与基于Bayesian重建算法TSW-CS的传统方案相比,本文方案可提高峰值信噪比(PSNR)3.9 dB。结论 本文方案DSFB-CS 实现了SAR图像的鲁棒传输,随着丢包率的上升,DSFB-CS获得的重建性能缓慢下降,保证了面对不稳定信道时,解码端可以获得相对稳定的重构图像。     

Spotlight SAR sparse sampling and imaging method based on compressive sensing

Spotlight synthetic aperture radar(SAR)emits a chirp signal and the echo bandwidth can be reduced through dechirp processing,where the A/D sampling rate decreases accordingly at the receiver.Compressive sensing allows the compressible signal to be reconstructed with a high probability using only a few samples by solving a linear program problem.This paper presents a novel signal sampling and imaging method for application to spotlight SAR based on compressive sensing.The signal is randomly sampled after dechirp processing to form a low-dimensional sample set,and the dechirp basis is imported to reconstruct the dechirp signal.Matching pursuit(MP)is used as a reconstruction algorithm.The reconstructed signal uses polar format algorithm(PFA)for imaging.Although our novel mechanism increases the system complexity to an extent,the data storage requirements can be compressed considerably.Several simulations verify the feasibility and accuracy of spotlight SAR signal processing via compressive sensing,and the method still obtains acceptable imaging results with 10%of the original echo data.     

Waveform design and high-resolution imaging of cognitive radar based on compressive sensing

We introduce the compressive sensing(CS) theory for waveform design of cognitive radar,and then propose an algorithm for the high-resolution radar signal waveform and its corresponding imaging method based on the sparse orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-linear frequency modulation(OFDM-LFM) signal.We first present the principle of spectrum synthesis and high-resolution imaging based on OFDM-LFM signals.Then,we propose the spectrum-sparse waveform design criterion and the reconstruction algorithm for a highresolution range profile(HRRP) based on CS.Based on this,we analyze in detail the relationship between the scattering characteristics of the target and the parameters of the designed signal,and we construct the feedback of the target characteristics on the waveforms.Therefore,the "cognitive" function of radar can be achieved by adaptively adjusting the waveform with the target characteristics.Simulations are given to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Compressive sensing SAR range compression with chirp scaling principle

Compressive sensing(CS) techniques offer a framework for the detection and allocation of sparse signal with a reduced number of measurements.This paper proposes a novel SAR range compression,namely compressive sensing with chirp scaling(CS-CS),achieving the same range resolution as conventional SAR approach,while using fewer range samplings.In order to realize accurate range cell migration correction(RCMC),chirp scaling principle is used to construct reference matrix for compressive sensing recovery.Additionally,error diagrams are designed for measurement of the performance of CS-CS,and some experiments of using real data are performed to deal with the errors caused by three conditions:SNR,sparsity and sampling.     

Compressed sensing SAR imaging based on sparse representation in fractional Fourier domain

Compressed sensing(CS)is a new technique of utilizing a priori knowledge on sparsity of data in a certain domain for minimizing necessary number of measurements.Based on this idea,this paper proposes a novel synthetic aperture radar(SAR)imaging approach by exploiting sparseness of echo data in the fractional Fourier domain.The effectiveness and robustness of the approach are assessed by some numerical experiments under various noisy conditions and different measurement matrices.Experimental results have shown that,the obtained images by using the CS technique depend on measurement matrix and have higher output signal to noise ratio than traditional pulse compression technique.Finally simulated and real data are also processed and the achieved results show that the proposed approach is capable of reconstructing the image of targets and effectively suppressing noise.     

基于自适应分组与压缩感知的分布式视频编码方法

针对快速场景变换环境中基于压缩感知的分布式视频编码所存在的问题,提出了一种基于自适应动态分组与压缩感知的分布式视频编码方法。对采集的视频帧在基本分组的基础上插入一个自适应分组分离器,通过设定门限阈值实现能够根据视频场景变换的动态调整分组。实验表明,与基本分组方法重构效果相比,采用自适应动态分组方法的重构效果有了较大改进,其峰值信噪比也有大大改善和提高,有效地解决了视频帧中场景变化较快造成的关键信息边缘纹理损失的问题。     

残差分布式视频压缩感知*

压缩感知(CS)是一种能同时进行数据采集和压缩的新理论,为简化编码算法提供了依据,同时,分布式视频编码(DVC)为低复杂度的视频编码提供了思路。因此,通过整合DVC和CS各自的特性以构建编码简单的视频编码框架,并采用残差技术来提高系统性能,最终提出了一种残差分布式视频压缩感知(RDCVS)算法:对关键帧进行传统的帧内编、解码;而对非关键帧,编码端采用一种基于残差联合稀疏模型的随机观测,解码端利用边信息和改进的梯度投影重建(GPSR)算法进行优化重构。由于将运动估计和变换编码等复杂度较高的运算转移到解码端进行,因而RDCVS保持了低复杂度的编码特性。实验结果表明,RDCVS算法比参考方案的恢复质量提高了2～3 dB。     

Suppressing azimuth ambiguity in spaceborne SAR images based on compressed sensing

In spaceborne synthetic aperture radar,undersampling at the rate of the pulse repetition frequency causes azimuth ambiguity,which induces ghost into the images.This paper introduces compressed sensing for azimuth ambiguity suppression and presents two novel methods from the perspectives of system design and image formation,known as azimuth random sampling and ambiguity separation,respectively.The first method makes the imaging results for the ambiguity zones as disperse as possible while ensuring that the imaging results for the main scene are affected as little as possible.The second method separates the ambiguity signals from the echoes and achieves imaging results without the ambiguity effect.Simulation results show that the two methods can reduce the ambiguity levels by about 16 dB and 99.37%,respectively.     

A novel spaceborne SAR wide-swath imaging approach based on Poisson disk-like nonuniform sampling and compressive sensing

Since the range swath width in the conventional single channel spaceborne synthetic aperture radar(SAR)is restricted by the system parameters,there is a trade-off between the azimuth resolution and the swath width in order to satisfy the Nyquist sampling criterion.In this paper,we propose a novel spaceborne SAR wide-swath imaging scheme based on compressive sensing(CS)for the sparse scene.The proposed method designs a Poisson disk-like nonuniform sampling pattern in the azimuth direction,which meets the demand of wider swath by restricting the smallest time interval between any two azimuth samples,with the conventional sampling pattern preserved in the range direction.By a similar way to the processing procedure of spectral analysis(SPECAN)algorithm,the linear range migration correction(RMC)is realized while carrying out range compression,which can meet the demand for focusing with middle level resolution.To reduce the computation load of CS reconstruction,we propose a novel fast reconstruction algorithm based on nonuniform fast Fourier transform(NUFFT),which greatly reduces the computation complexity from O(2M N)to O(4N log N).Experiment results validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods via the point target simulation and the Radarsat-1 raw data processing in F2 mode.     

基于压缩感知理论的单像素成像系统研究

近年来出现的压缩感知理论为信号处理的发展开辟了一条新的道路,它指出可压缩或者稀疏信号的少量线性投影含有足够的信息来进行信号重建和信号处理,在压缩感知理论的基础上,一种新的单像素成像系统的发展得到了广泛的关注,它的主要特点就是只用一个像素的探测器通过用少于图像像素值的采样数目来重建图像,主要介绍了基于压缩感知理论的单像素成像系统的图像重建算法,为单像素成像系统的发展做了有益的探索。     

Compressive sensing inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging based on Gini index regularization

In compressive sensing (CS) based inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging approaches, the quality of final image significantly depends on the number of measurements and the noise level. In this paper, we propose an improved version of CSbased method for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. Different from the traditional l ₁ norm based CS ISAR imaging method, our method explores the use of Gini index to measure the sparsity of ISAR images to improve the imaging quality. Instead of simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA), we use weighted l ₁ norm as the surrogate functional and successfully develop an iteratively re-weighted algorithm to reconstruct ISAR images from compressed echo samples. Experimental results show that our approach significantly reduces the number of measurements needed for exact reconstruction and effectively suppresses the noise. Both the peak sidelobe ratio (PSLR) and the reconstruction relative error (RE) indicate that the proposed method outperforms the l ₁ norm based method.     

基于分布式压缩感知和散列函数的数据融合隐私保护算法

针对群智感知网络数据融合传输过程中隐私泄露、信息不完整、数据窜改等安全问题,提出了一种基于分布式压缩感知和散列函数的数据融合隐私保护算法。首先,采用分布式压缩感知方法对感知数据进行稀疏观测,去除冗余数据;其次,利用单向散列函数求取感知数据观测值的散列值,将其和不受限的伪装数据一起填充到感知数据观测值中,达到隐藏真实感知数据的目的;最后,在汇聚节点提取伪装数据之后,再次获取感知数据的散列值并验证数据的完整性。仿真结果表明,该算法兼顾了数据的机密性和完整性保护,同时大大降低了通信开销,在实际应用中具有很强的适用性和可扩展性。     

Sparse SAR imaging based on L1/2 regularization

In this paper,a novel method for synthetic aperture radar(SAR)imaging is proposed.The approach is based on L1/2 regularization to reconstruct the scattering field,which optimizes a quadratic error term of the SAR observation process subject to the interested scene sparsity.Compared to the conventional SAR imaging technique,the new method implements SAR imaging effectively at much lower sampling rate than the Nyquist rate,and produces high-quality images with reduced sidelobes and increased resolution.Also,over the prevalent greedy pursuit and L1 regularization based SAR imaging methods,there are remarkable performance improvements of the new method.On one hand,the new method significantly reduces the number of measurements needed for reconstruction,as supported by a phase transition diagram study.On the other hand,the new method is more robust to the observation noise.These fundamental properties of the new method are supported and demonstrated both by simulations and real SAR data experiments.