一种改进的快速相关跟踪算法

在最大近邻距离（Maximum Close Distance,MCD）相关跟踪算法的基础上进行改进,提出了最小远离距离（Maximum Far Distance,MFD）算法。该算法通过单调降低累加和的上限,快速终止非匹配点处的计算,最终减小了总体计算量。为应付MCD算法中存在的模板漂移问题,对MFD算法采用的像素相似性阈值进行动态调整,并在出现多个匹配点的情况下用另外的相关算法做最终筛选,从而在保持了MCD算法抗噪声、抗局部遮挡等优点的同时,显著抑制了模板的漂移。算法还将相关匹配与伺服系统的控制特性结合起来进行考虑,更加合理地选择匹配区域,从而允许更快的伺服控制速度。     

Observer‐Based Multiple Faults Diagnosis Scheme for Satellite Attitude Control System

This paper proposes a multiple fault diagnosis (MFD) scheme based on an observer method for satellite attitude control systems (ACSs) subject to nonlinearity and external disturbances of the system. The essential idea is to develop a fault diagnosis scheme and design the corresponding observers for satellite ACSs. The nonlinearity, space external disturbances, sensor uncertainties, and multiple faults problem of the satellite ACS are all taken into account. The proposed MFD scheme is developed at two different levels. First, at the system level, two nonlinear observers based on analytical redundancy are designed for the MFD of the satellite ACS; this level roughly reveals the fault source. Then, at the component level, a bank of sliding mode observers activated by the results of the previous diagnosis is designed to precisely diagnose multiple faults of actuators in the satellite ACS; this level further precisely reveals the fault source. Both the nonlinear observers and the sliding mode observers are confirmed to be asymptotically stable via Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, numerical simulations of a satellite ACS are performed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed MFD scheme.     

一类基于类别区分的多重故障诊断模型框架

多重故障诊断是故障诊断和容错控制技术中的重难点问题.本文关注数据驱动故障诊断,以基于知识的方法为基本思路,按照故障表现及征兆的组合形式分析了多重故障和征兆之间的映射关系,将多重故障诊断转化为一类由各个组成故障对应于征兆数据集合的类划分问题.在已有应用于故障诊断的分类和聚类方法的基础上,分析了4种基于类别区分的多重故障诊断模型框架.并讨论了其优缺点和适用的类别区分算法.     

多功能显示模拟器的设计与实现

比较了多功能显示模拟器的三种实现方法,提出了采用周边键实物的总体设计方案,以达到最佳的模拟操作效果;采用了周边键编码电路设计,以减少连接电缆的信号数量;根据显示画面之间的调用关系,分析了画面转换矩阵的构建方法,实现了多功能显示模拟器的显示功能和控制功能.该模拟器可推广使用到其他机型仿真系统中,满足教学和仿真的需要。     

多个MFD子区边界协调控制方法

为了改善交通网络运行状况,根据车流密度的差异对宏观路网进行子区划分,提出了面向多个宏观基本图（Macroscopic fundamental diagram,MFD）子区的边界协调控制方法.根据划分的多个子区间邻接关系和流入流出交通流率,建立了路网车流平衡方程.通过与最佳累积车辆数进行比较,确定了拥挤度高的子区边界交叉口最佳流入与流出的交通流量;进而建立了以整个路网旅行完成流率最大、平均行程时间和平均延误最小的多目标边界协调优化模型,并通过自适应遗传算法对多目标函数进行求解.以存在4个MFD子区的实际路网为分析对象,对比仿真结果表明所提方法可有效提高路网运行效率、缓解拥堵状况.     

复合故障诊断技术综述

复合故障诊断是故障诊断技术中的难点问题,因为实际工程和复杂系统中多个故障经常存在.本文对复合故障的故障机理、表现形式、诊断思路进行了概述.将故障模式识别存在多输出可能性的求解问题定义为复合故障诊断的科学问题.分析了复合故障诊断的难点.讨论了复合故障的研究现状,按照基于解析模型、基于定性经验、数据驱动的分类方式分别对现有的典型诊断方法和相关技术进行了综述,指出了这些方法的适用范围和优缺点.并探讨了复合故障诊断技术的发展方向.     

Monitoring global and local variations in multichannel functional data for manufacturing processes

This study models global and local variations hidden in multichannel functional data (MFD) for the purpose of manufacturing process monitoring. With advances in sensing technology, online measurement of manufacturing process variables could take the shape of multichannel curves. Although MFD contains rich information about process conditions, it is a challenging issue to model and interpret complex variations in MFD for process change detection and process faulty condition discrimination. A new approach was developed in this paper to decompose each channel of functional data into global and local variation components. Based on the extracted patterns, a principal curve regression method was applied to detect and discriminate different process conditions. The method was validated by real data from a forging plant. A simulation study was also conducted to verify the approach for MFD with complex patterns.     

城市交通信号的迭代学习控制及其对路网宏观基本图的影响

针对在城市交通信号控制中存在对交通流难以精确建模的问题,首先利用交通流的重复性特点,提出了一种基于迭代学习的城市交通信号控制方法,并证明了在不确定初态下迭代学习控制算法的收敛性.其次,结合路网宏观基本图的特性分析了基于迭代学习的交通信号控制策略对路网交通态势的影响.结果表明,当迭代的初始状态在期望初态值的小范围内波动时,系统的跟踪误差仍能收敛到一个界内;通过对交通信号的迭代学习控制,路段的实际占有率能够逐步逼近期望占有率,从而使路网内的车辆密度分布更加均匀,确保交通流在更优的宏观基本图下运行,防止因车辆密度分布不均引起的通行效率下降及交通拥堵的发生.最后,通过仿真实验对所提方法的有效性进行了验证.     

基于GB2312标准的GL Studio汉化技术

针对GL Studio开发的仪表显示软件一直不支持汉字显示的问题,利用纹理技术建立GB2312标准的一级汉字纹理字库,在GL Studio环境下建立与纹理字库一一对应的字库表和基本的汉字显示单元,抽象汉字的存储显示数据模型。以机载MFD显示软件为例,根据输入MFD的汉字查找对应的国标编码和汉字在字库表的坐标,以基本汉字显示单元为基础建立汉字动态控制模型与汉字显示模型,在GL Studio环境下实现机载MFD仿真软件的开发。实验表明,该方法快速有效,扩展性和重构性好,既可以用于实装开发也可以用于仿真模拟器的开发。     

General results on the McMillan degree and the Kronecker indices of ARMA and MFD models

This paper shows that the McMillan degree of general ARMA and MFD models is equal to the pole-zero excess of the matrix consisting of the polynomial factors. Furthermore, the left Kronecker indices are equal to the row degrees of this matrix if and only if it is row-reduced and irreducible. For left coprime ARMA and MFD models the McMillan degree and the left Kronecker indices are related to the determinantal degree and the row degrees of a suitable submatrix of the polynomial factors. Under certain (necessary and sufficient) conditions this information can even be inferred from the denominator matrices in the ARMA and MFD models. Finally a rank test is presented for actually computing the McMillan degree of left coprime ARMA and MFD models.     

城市交通区域的迭代学习边界控制

已有的边界控制方法主要是基于模型的反馈控制算法,其实际应用效果受制于模型参数的标定和环境的影响.迭代学习控制以完全跟踪为目标,仅利用较少的模型信息就可以沿迭代轴实现对系统期望输出的完全跟踪.基于城市交通流的重复特性,提出一种城市交通区域的迭代学习边界控制方法,给出跟踪误差收敛性分析.以日本横滨区域为对象分别进行3种场景的仿真:早高峰、晚高峰和中心区域拥堵.仿真结果表明,迭代学习控制方法对于各种场景下的区域路网交通均能达到较为理想的控制效果.     

Mobile Fair Diary: hybrid interface for taking,browsing and sharing context-aware notes

This paper describes the Mobile Fair Diary (MFD), which is designed to allow a housing fair customer to make a personalized digital recording of his/her visit to a hectic fairground for later use. The MFD is a hybrid interface service comprising of an application for a camera equipped smart phone and a website accessed by a PC. The smart phone application is used for taking context-aware notes such as visual codes, photos, dictations and text. The notes are uploaded onto a website, where they can be viewed with a PC in a contextually ordered view for browsing, organizing and sharing. The MFD was empirically evaluated in a real-life environment of use with genuine end users by a large-scale field trial at a national housing fair. The results testify to the very successful design of the MFD with high usefulness.     

基于维修流程框图的维修时间仿真研究

武器系统的维修性是一个重要的性能指标,维修时间是维修性的主要定量参数、是影响装备可用度、战备完好率的重要因素。通过分析常用的维修性指标和维修性预计方法,提出了基于维修流程框图的维修时间仿真方法。维修流程框图是用于表示维修活动的步骤,一般比较复杂,甚至有可能形成大的网络,基于这种情况,建立了基于维修流程框图的自动化维修时间仿真方法。其对武器系统的维修性设计、预计和分析有较好的作用,利用这种维修时间仿真方法开发的软件系统也有一定的实用价值。     

Distance and organization in multifunction displays.

One approach to organizing information in a multifunction display (MFD) is to place related screens of information closer to each other. This study identified three metrics that could be used to operationalize the concept of distance in an MFD. The proposed distance metrics-navigational (the number of choice points lying between two screens), organizational (the hierarchical structure of the data base), and the cognitive (the user's perception of relationships among screens)-were empirically examined by using a simulated, hierarchically arranged, menu-driven MFD in an aviation context. Subjects engaged in two tasks that required them to access different target screens from various starting screens in a 290-screen MFD. The tasks differed in the navigational mechanisms subjects were allowed to use to navigate around the MFD and the relationships between the starting and target screens. The results suggest that the three distance metrics are meaningful within the context of a multifunction display.     

Internet服务故障管理:分层模型和算法

在基于时间窗口的Internet服务故障管理中,时间窗口大小设置不合适会给算法准确度带来影响.为了降低这种影响,分析了Internet服务故障管理中存在的问题,提出了分层故障管理模型,采用图论技术进行故障诊断,选择二分图作为各层的故障传播模型.提出了基于时间窗口的故障诊断算法--多窗口故障诊断(multi-window fault diagnosis,简称MFD),该算法通过综合考虑相邻时间窗口之间的关联关系,在一定程度上降低了因时间窗口大小设置不合适而给算法准确度带来的影响.仿真结果证明了MFD算法的有效性和效率.     

Mimetic finite difference approximation of quasilinear elliptic problems

In this work we approximate the solution of a quasilinear elliptic problem of monotone type by using the Mimetic Finite Difference (MFD) method. Under a suitable approximation assumption, we prove that the MFD approximate solution converges, with optimal rate, to the exact solution in a mesh-dependent energy norm. The resulting nonlinear discrete problem is then solved iteratively via linearization by applying the Ka?anov method. The convergence of the Ka?anov algorithm in the discrete mimetic framework is also proved. Several numerical experiments confirm the theoretical analysis.     

基于MapReduce改进离散型萤火虫算法和多重分形的属性约简方法

针对大数据环境下属性约简问题,提出基于MapReduce改进离散型萤火虫算法(IDGSO)和多重分形(MFD)的属性约简方法.首先,通过对萤火虫个体的移动方式进行离散化改进,引入迁徙策略和高斯变异策略,避免陷入局部最优,并提出改进离散型萤火虫算法.然后,将IDGSO结合MFD应用于属性约简中.最后,针对大数据环境下属性约简问题,采用MapReduce编程模式,实现对IDGSO和MFD的并行化.在UCI数据集和实际气象数据集上的实验表明,文中算法约简性能较优,运行效率较快,具有较好的有效性和可行性.