锂离子电池隔膜研发现状与发展方向

高性能、低成本锂离子电池隔膜的开发对于锂离子电池的技术进步与商业应用具有重要意义。本文从电池隔膜的性能要求出发,重点概述了液态多孔隔膜、半液态隔膜和全固态隔膜的结构特点、性能优劣及其制备技术,并展望了锂离子电池隔膜的研究方向和发展趋势。     

全固态薄膜锂微电池的研究进展

介绍了全固态薄膜锂微电池的研究进展以及分类和一般结构;详述了全固态薄膜锂微电池正极材料薄膜的制备技术和发展现状.从工作原理和获得薄膜的物理化学性能等各方面,对这些技术进行了分析和比较.对其研究方向进行了展望.     

全固态薄膜锂离子二次电池的制备及性能分析

利用磁控溅射技术在不锈钢衬底上制备全固态薄膜锂离子二次电池。通过用SEM来观测单层薄膜材料的形貌,电化学工作站测定单层薄膜的交流阻抗谱,蓝电电池测试系统表征薄膜电池的电化学性能。研究表明,在电位为4.0~0.3 V之间,该薄膜电池具有良好的充放电性能,经过200次循环之后,充放电容量相对趋于平稳,放电比容量基本稳定在4.0μAh/cm2左右;以10μA恒定电流进行充放电循环测试时,首次放电比容量达到5.4μAh/cm2,循环寿命则达到1 000次以上。     

硫化物固态电解质的研究进展及产业应用

全固态电池具有较高的能量密度和安全性能,是解决电动汽车、便携电子产品的安全和续航的重要手段。作为全固态电池中的关键组分,固态电解质的电化学性能和稳定性影响整个固态锂离子电池的发展。本文以硫化物固态电解质的室温电导率为切入点,系统分析目前研究较为广泛的LGPS、LPS体系硫化物固态电解质的结构、制备方法及材料的稳定性,并对硫化物固态电解质在全固态电池设计和应用做了一点思考,指出未来的发展方向。     

石墨-钛酸锂复合阳极材料的制备及性能

利用石墨和钛酸锂复合材料作为锂离子电池的阳极活性材料,与磷酸铁锂阴极材料匹配制备了锂离子电池。制作的电池分别在充电曲线和放电曲线上出现两个平台,特别是第二个放电平台的出现,有助于降低过放对电池性能的影响。     

低温环境下全固态锂离子电池研究

针对低温环境下全固态锂离子电池的失效机制及高、低温性能展开研究,分析全固态电池关键材料对电池化学性能的影响、电极结构的优化等。分析结果表明,通过对全固态电池关键材料的合理设计与选择、电极结构的优化,可以提高全固态电池在低温环境下的容量保持率和倍率性能。最后,设计研制样机,在相同条件下对比所设计的全固态电池与常规全固态电池的性能,实验结果与理论分析具有良好的一致性,验证了理论分析与设计的正确性。     

磁控溅射制备V2O5薄膜及全固态薄膜锂电池研究

V_2O_5具有容量高、循环稳定、易于制备成薄膜等特点,是全固态薄膜锂电池理想的正极材料。采用磁控溅射法,以V_2O_5为靶材制备了薄膜,研究了溅射气体Ar/O_2对薄膜结构、形貌及电化学性能的影响,优化了薄膜制备工艺。最终采用磁控溅射法依次沉积集流体薄膜、钒氧化物薄膜、固态电解质薄膜,真空热蒸发金属锂薄膜,成功制备了Al/V_2O_5/Li P ON/Li/Cu全固态薄膜锂电池。薄膜电池在1.7～3.4 V电压范围内,以10μA/cm~2恒电流充放电测试,电池比容量达到25μAh/cm~2,稳定循环超过500次。     

全固态薄膜锂电池的制备与电化学性能表征

研究了全固态薄膜锂电池制备方法、电化学性能和失效机制。采用磁控溅射和真空蒸镀法制备出了容量为0.2、1.7和3.6mAh的全固态薄膜锂电池。正极厚度为2μm时,由于正极结构均匀、结构合理,电池可以在室温1 C下循环500次,容量保持率为96.02%;10 C下充放电循环稳定。由于正极扩散系数相对较低,正极膜厚度或尺寸增加会显著降低电池容量发挥率。全固态薄膜锂电池循环后正极基本保持稳定,但负极结构会粉化,正极/固态电解质固相界面存在元素的不可逆迁移扩散。这些结果为全固态锂电池体系构建、结构设计、制备与性能失效分析提供了参考。     

玻璃态锂离子电解质研究中的物理问题

锂离子二次电池是性能最优越的电池之一,研究全固态电解质是锂离子二次电池研究中最前沿的课题。介绍了玻璃态锂离子电解质的结构和性质,讨论了锂离子二次电池用玻璃态锂离子电解质研究中存在的物理问题,以期对从物理角度开展硫化物非晶固体电解质的相关研究有深入了解。     

全固态薄膜锂蓄电池研究进展

全固态薄膜锂蓄电池是目前国内外电池研究的新热点,其在未来微电子器件中具有广泛的应用前景.综述了全固态薄膜锂蓄电池国内外研究状况,介绍了全固态薄膜锂蓄电池的结构、工作原理及制备方法,并对全固态薄膜锂蓄电池的正负极膜及电解质膜研究情况作了详细的阐述.     

Fabrication of anode supported PEN for solid oxide fuel cell

ConventionalSOFCsareusuallyoperatedat 10 0 0℃ Duetoitshighoperationaltemperature ,thematerialsdemandinguponSOFCcomponentsarequitestringent Manyresearchersaregradu allyinterestedinintermediatetemperaturesolidoxidefuelcell(IT SOFC) [1-2 ] TherearetwopossibleapproachesforloweringtheoperatingtemperatureofSOFCs Thefirstistoreducethethicknessofelec trolyte ,forexampletheelectrolyteinanode supportedplanar typesinglecellisonly 2 0 μm Thesecondistodevelophigherconducti vityelectrolyte .Inth…     

Structural and electrochemical properties of Nichrome anode thin films for lithium battery

Low cost anode materials having a high electrochemical efficiency have been critical in the success of thin film batteries that are applicable in ubiquitous environments as a portable energy source. Nichrome thin films are ideally suited for use in hybrid assemblies but their applications include precision integrated circuits in fields of telecommunications, instrumentation, power supplies, military and medical equipment where low noise and good power dissipation are required. With such a wide spectrum of applications, it is important to understand the electric behavior of the Nichrome alloy thin films by their microstructure. In this work, nanocrystalline films of nickel chromium alloys were deposited on alumina substrate by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technology. High purity nickel and chromium sputtering target were used for the deposition. First, aluminum was deposited on ceramic substrate acts as a current collector and over that NiCr was deposited by RF sputtering method. Both the layers were analyzed for structural and electrical properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry. The XRD peak confirms that deposited NiCr and Aluminum have tetragonal and cubic structures, respectively. The crystallite size was determined by full width at half maximum of XRD peaks. Structure, composition and the properties of the film are the major focus of this paper. Composition ratio between nickel and chrome obtained by EDS is 1:1. Particle size and microstructure of the film have been studied by SEM and AFM. Electrochemical properties of the films were analyzed. Reaction mechanism for the insertion and excretion is reported. After Lithium insertion and extraction the effect on the surface and structure of the thin film has been studied. The composition of equilibrium phases of NiCr as useful as attracting anode for the thin film battery. Nichrome on aluminum thin films as an anode has been attracted because it provides practical advantages including low cost production and competitive electrical performance.     

一种提高染料敏化太阳电池性能的小分子造孔剂

着重对比了胶体组成中具有造孔作用的小分子添加剂乙二醇和高分子添加剂聚乙二醇对染料敏化太阳电池中TiO2光阳极薄膜性能的影响。SEM照片显示:用乙二醇为造孔剂制备的TiO2膜具有更大的比表面积,从而增加了染料的吸附量,提高了光电流。另外,用TG-DTA分析了不同造孔剂在TiO2颗粒表面的热行为,推测了其造孔机理,并进一步优化出以乙二醇为造孔剂的最佳含量:乙二醇占TiO2质量的50%～60%。     

Surface modifications of aligned carbon nanotube thin films by Argon‐ion sputtering

To use carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as anode material for the solid‐state thin‐film Li‐ion rechargeable battery, the tubes are preferred to be aligned perpendicular to a substrate and the CNT thin film to have a smooth surface. Using an Ar‐ion sputtering technique, we carried out the surface modifications of the CNT thin film prepared by the SiC surface decomposition method. In order to evaluate the surface modification, the surface and cross section of the modified CNT film were investigated by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

薄膜锂电池制备工艺现状

随着无线电通讯和集成光电路的迅速发展 ,在很多电子设备上都要求有独立的高性能微型电源。薄膜锂电池作为一种重要的微型能源形式 ,正在受到越来越多的关注和研究。概述了国际上目前制备薄膜锂电池的阴极膜、阳极膜和电解质膜过程中所采用的各种工艺手段 ,从工作原理、采用的材料与设备、得到的膜的物理化学性能等各个方面对这些工艺方法进行了分析、比较及评价     

锂离子电池负极材料Sn—Co合金的研究进展

从理论计算和实验研究两个方面综述了Sn—Co合金作为锂电池负极材料的发展现状。在理论方面采用Material Studio4.1软件研究了Sn—Co合金各种稳定相结构的物理性质和电化学性质。在实验方面综合介绍并比较了电化学沉积、机械球磨、固相还原和溶剂热法等几种薄膜制备方法的优缺点。并指出了Sn-Co合金负极材料存在的问题及发展前景。     

High-electric field conduction phenomena in poly-2-chloro-p-xylylene/poly-p-xylylene composite thin films

The high-field currents in poly-p-chloro-xylylene (PCPX) thin films are due to hole injection from anode metal and collision ionization. PPX thin films showed the negative temperature dependence of high-field currents. Since the chlorine atoms in PCPX thin films act as carrier scattering centers, high-field currents in PCPX thin films are suppressed in the low-temperature region. This paper discusses the high-field currents of PCPX/PPX composite thin films; these films are PCPX thin films (d < 150 nm) deposited on PPX thin films (d > 200 nm). They were strongly suppressed at room temperature, but not at low temperature. Therefore, PCPX/PPX composite thin films showed a remarkable negative temperature dependence of high-field currents. High-field currents were suppressed more in PCPX (60 nm)/PPX (230 nm) composite thin film than in PCPX (130 nm)/PPX (230 nm). This can be explained by the suppression of the hole injection from anode by homo space charge at the interface between PCPX/PPX.     

锂离子蓄电池高容量硅基负极材料研究进展

硅基材料是新一代高容量锂离子蓄电池负极材料的典型代表,近年来已成为理论研究和应用研究的热点之一。综述了单质硅、硅-金属合金以及硅-碳复合材料作锂离子蓄电池负极材料最新研究成果,并对其今后研究和应用前景作了展望。纳米级硅薄膜具有大于3500mAh/g的超高可逆容量,有望用于微型锂离子蓄电池;硅-金属合金材料的研究正在由单相搀杂向多相搀杂的方向转移;而硅-碳复合材料能有效抑制硅的体积变化,在发挥高放电容量的同时能保持良好的循环特性,很有可能成为规模化生产的新一代负极材料。     

Preparation and properties of Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 ferroelectric thin films and compositionally graded thin films on LaNiO3/Si substrates

LaNiO₃ (LNO) thin films were prepared on Si (100) wafer by MOD method. Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃ ferroelectric thin films and their compositionally graded thin films were prepared on LNO/Si (100) substrates by a modified sol–gel method. The composition depth profile of a graded film was determined by using a combination of Auger electron spectroscopy and Ar ion etching. The results confirmed that the processing method produces graded composition change. XRD analysis showed that the graded thin film possessed a composite structure of tetragonal and rhombohedral. The dielectric constant of the graded thin films was higher than that of each thin film unit, but the loss tangent was near to each other at 10 kHz. The temperature characteristics of the dielectric constant of the graded thin films at different frequencies showed three peaks and ferroelectric relaxor feature to some extent. Hysteresis loops showed that graded thin film had higher remanent polarization, smaller coercive field than each thin film unit. The pyroelectric coefficient of the graded thin films increased gradually with temperature, and was higher than that of each thin film unit.