#br# 我国钢管混凝土拱桥应用现状与展望

共收集到截止2015年1月的已建和在建的钢管混凝土拱桥413座（跨径不小于50m）。统计分析表明,钢管混凝土拱桥在我国修建的数量不断增多、跨径不断增大。从行业分布来看,在公路、城市桥梁中的应用仍是主体,在铁路尤其是高速铁路中的应用不断增多。在结构体系方面,上承式、中承式、拱梁组合式、飞鸟式和下承式刚架系杆拱5大类,仍为主要应用的桥型,占总数的85%。在截面形式方面,以圆钢管混凝土为基本单元组成的单圆管、哑铃形和桁式是应用的主流。提篮拱被应用于各种桥型,尤其是大跨度铁路桥。无风撑拱主要应用于120m跨径以下的桥梁,且以斜靠拱和拱梁组合桥为主,截面多采用横向刚度较大的形式。拱肋的材料强度不断地提高,钢管以Q345钢为主,混凝土以C40、C50为主。虽然对桥面系强健性的重视在不断提高,然而强健性好的整体式和具有加劲纵梁的悬吊桥面系的应用还不够普及。钢管拱的架设方法仍以支架法、悬臂法和转体法3种为主,其中悬臂拼装法应用最多,适用跨径最大范围也最广。     

东营黄河公路大桥系杆拱桥设计

概述了东营黄河公路大桥的桥型选用、结构总体布局及结构各阶段的内力分析，阐述选用外部静定的自锚式系杆拱结构以适应在新近沉积的软弱性土层上建桥的优越性和结构总体布局的有效性、合理性。通过对结构各阶段内力计算的详细介绍，论述了转体法施工及钢管混凝土等新技术、新材料运用于拱桥修建技术的安全、合理的先进设计思想。     

外倾拱肋系杆拱桥的设计与施工实践

某桥梁工程是座下承式外倾拱肋系杆拱桥,主桥跨径111m,拱肋采用箱形截面,本文结合该桥的设计情况,浅析该类桥型的设计构思、造型特点和受力特性,以及施工方案的选择和施工方法。     

Study on steel box girder bridges partly stiffened by CFT arch ribs

A new type of arch girder bridge, steel box girders partly stiffened by arch ribs, is proposed and the structural characteristic is studied. Arch ribs are concrete filled steel tubes (CFT) which have high resistance against compression and bending. A parametric study is carried out for the arch girder bridge with different ratios of arch span length to arch rise. Bending moment and tensile forces of the girder are largest with the shortest arch span and decrease as the arch span becomes longer. On the other hand bending moments of the girder do not significantly depend on the arch rise. Bending moments and compressive forces of the arch rib have the same tendency as the girder. Safety of the structural members is verified by the limit state design method considering non-linear stress versus strain relations of steel and concrete. Large deformation elastic–plastic analysis is conducted for the basic case of the proposed bridge to clarify the global buckling strength. Three inclined angles of the arch rib plane are assumed as initial imperfections. The larger initial imperfection decreases the lateral torsional buckling strength. Estimated construction cost of the arch girder bridge with steel pipes without concrete filling is 9% higher than that of the basic CFT arch girder case. The pure CFT arch bridge is the most economical and 23% lower than the basic case. However, as the arch rise of this pure arch bridge is higher, its esthetics may be inferior and it also restricts the available aerial space. This study shows that the proposed bridge has sufficient resistance against bending, compression, global buckling and is considered feasible.     

大跨度下承式系杆拱桥侧倾稳定因素的探讨

介绍了大跨度系杆拱桥稳定性分析中常用的基本理论,以干沟大桥为例,通过对其临界荷载系数的求解来分别探讨拱肋刚度、矢跨比等因素对结构稳定的影响,积累了同类型桥梁的设计经验。     

不同拱肋形式对无风撑钢管混凝土拱桥的抗震特性影响

无风撑钢管混凝土拱桥有钢管混凝土拱桥具有跨度大、强度高、塑性好、重量轻、便于施工、造型新颖美观等优点,而且在行车时视野开阔,在未来有很好的应用前景.文中以某五连跨无风撑钢管混凝土拱桥为例,针对无风撑钢管混凝土拱桥特点,采用不同拱肋结构布置形式,对其抗震性能进行了对比分析,得出此类拱桥拱肋合理布置形式.     

A method for examining the seismic performance of steel arch deck bridges

To examine the seismic resistance performance of a steel arch bridge during a strong earthquake, an approach is proposed in this paper to determine the ultimate strain of an arch rib using the static elasto-plastic large deformation theory. A steel fixed-end deck arch bridge with a span length of 200 m was used as an example in this study. The ultimate strain of the arch rib was calculated using the elasto-plastic finite element model. The seismic responses of the arch bridge exposed to strong earthquakes in two and three directions were also simulated. Moreover, the effect of earthquake motion in the lateral direction on the elasto-plastic earthquake response was discussed, and the seismic resistance of the structure was analyzed. The results show that steel arch bridges have preferable seismic resistance under strong earthquake conditions. While lateral earthquake motion has some influence on the damage to an arch bridge, it has little effect on the displacement, axial force, and bending moment responses of the arch rib. It is feasible to examine the seismic performance of the arch bridge by ascertaining the out-of-plane and in-plane earthquake responses of the bridge.     

A method for examining the seismic performance of steel arch deck bridges

To examine the seismic resistance performance of a steel arch bridge during a strong earthquake, an approach is proposed in this paper to determine the ultimate strain of an arch rib using the static elasto-plastic large deformation theory. A steel fixed-end deck arch bridge with a span length of 200 m was used as an example in this study. The ultimate strain of the arch rib was calculated using the elasto-plastic finite element model. The seismic responses of the arch bridge exposed to strong earthquakes in two and three directions were also simulated. Moreover, the effect of earthquake motion in the lateral direction on the elasto-plastic earthquake response was discussed, and the seismic resistance of the structure was analyzed. The results show that steel arch bridges have preferable seismic resistance under strong earthquake conditions. While lateral earthquake motion has some influence on the damage to an arch bridge, it has little effect on the displacement, axial force, and bending moment responses of the arch rib. It is feasible to examine the seismic performance of the arch bridge by ascertaining the out-of-plane and in-plane earthquake responses of the bridge.     

五跨连续中承式钢管系杆拱桥设计

以临汾市鼓楼西汾河大桥主桥30 m＋80 m＋105 m＋80 m＋30 m为例,简要介绍了五跨连续中承式钢管混凝土系杆拱桥的结构设计与施工特点,为同类长系杆连续拱桥的设计与施工积累了经验。     

钢管混凝土拱桥塔扣一体化施工技术

着重介绍了塔扣一体化施工技术,在理论分析和现场测试的基础上,通过动态调整扣索长度,保证了钢管拱肋的设计线形,工程实践表明：将扣索动态调整技术应用于大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥的吊装施工中,可降低工程造价,保证施工质量。     

Trial design of arch bridge of composite box section with steel web-concrete flange

The concrete arch bridge is a natural and appropriate structural solution, aesthetically pleasing and easily integrated into the environment, especially in mountainous and island areas. However, construction difficulty and cost will increase with heavy self-weight when the span enlarges. A potential solution is to use a composite box arch ring with steel web-concrete flange. Taking Wanzhou Yangtze River Bridge (the longest concrete arch bridge in the world with a main span of 420 m) as a prototype, trial designs of a composite box arch with steel webs (including corrugated steel webs and plain steel webs) and concrete flanges were carried out. Comparison of quantities and structural behaviors of the prototype concrete arch with the two trial designed composite arch was presented. It is shown that the self-weight of the composite arch can reduce about 28% and the structures can meet the design requirements, therefore it is possible to use the two composite arches in long span arch bridges.     

大跨度两铰钢拱桥面内结构设计计算方法

大跨度拱桥具有显著的几何非线性力学行为,按线性设计理论不能满足安全要求,考虑由拱肋变形产生的附加弯矩和精确推算结构的稳定强度是设计中的重要课题。以两铰钢拱桥为对象,提出了考虑非线性影响以及高精度稳定强度的拱桥结构设计方法,以跨度160 m和200 m的两桥计算模型为例,验证了按非线性理论设计的必要性以及本设计方法的合理性,分析结果表明按线性计算方法和弹性稳定理论不能精确评价结构的受力特性和强度。     

混凝土拱桥斜拉悬臂浇筑施工技术

斜拉悬臂浇筑法是国外大跨径钢筋混凝土拱桥常用的施工方法之一。该方法由临时斜拉索扣住悬臂半拱,逐渐地向拱顶现浇拱肋节段,直至全桥合拢。以国外几座采用斜拉悬浇施工法施工的拱桥为例,介绍了施工过程及施工控制中的关键问题,为该方法在国内的广泛应用提供经验及参考。     

钢-UHPC组合桁式拱桥拱肋与腹杆节点性能试验研究

钢-UHPC组合桁式拱桥的提出,有望解决特大跨径拱桥造价高、难以施工等难题。对1000m钢-UHPC组合桁式拱桥拱肋与腹杆关键节点的受力性能进行了研究,计算表明,在荷载基本组合作用下节点拉、压杆的轴力均超过10000kN,为保证节点处钢和UHPC两种材料牢固结合,通过节点受力分析和优化研究,提出了一种带混合连接件钢接头的UHPC箱型拱肋与钢腹杆新型节点连接构造。对最不利受力的节点制作了1∶5缩尺模型,不考虑箱型拱肋底板和腹板对节点受力的贡献,开展了平面三向加载试验和抗拔试验。试验结果表明：平面三向加载试验中节点的破坏模式为UHPC拱肋一侧开裂,另一侧压溃,但节点连接保持完好;抗拔试验中节点的破坏模式为UHPC拱肋沿钢接头的轮廓剪切破坏;平面三向加载试验中,钢腹杆的极限荷载是设计荷载的2.72倍,且UHPC拱肋的名义开裂应力为13.36MPa,是设计应力的1.85倍,表明节点的承载能力和抗裂性能满足设计要求;钢接头与UHPC拱肋结合面的抗剪性能和抗拔性能满足正常使用极限状态和承载能力极限状态的要求。     

中承式钢管混凝土拱桥调查与动力特性分析

中承式钢管混凝土拱桥作为一种新型的桥梁型式应用广泛。在统计分析国内已建成的100余座中承式钢管混凝土拱桥的基本资料基础上,得出了跨径、矢跨比、边主跨比、矢高比、宽跨比和拱轴线型等设计参数的常用范围;根据统计得到的典型桥例为基准,采用MIDAS有限元软件分析桥例的结构动力特性;对典型桥例进行结构动力特性参数分析,得到了各设计参数对结构动力特性的影响规律。     

非线性稳定对大跨径钢管混凝土肋拱桥的影响

以实桥为例,建立空间分析的有限元模型,研究非线性稳定对钢管混凝土劲性骨架肋拱桥的稳定性影响,得出了材料非线性对结构稳定性影响很大的结论,指出对于大跨径桥梁来说进行稳定分析时,必须考虑非线性的影响。     

特大桥钢管拱施工技术

简单归纳了钢管拱桥的特点,重点介绍了特大桥钢管拱施工技术,包括桥上使用的大型吊装设备、拱肋横梁等构件的安装技术和塔架整体横移等施工工艺,为今后同类桥梁施工积累了经验。     

昆山玉峰大桥-首座大跨度无推力斜靠式拱桥的设计研究

斜靠式拱桥外形独特、新颖 ,是颇有竞争力的城市景观桥型。但是目前已建成的斜靠式拱桥多为有推力体系 ,不适合我国江浙一带的软土地基 ,本文提出无推力斜靠式拱桥体系 ,并以昆山玉峰大桥为例 ,就其概念设计、力学性能、细部构造、施工过程等关键性技术问题展开讨论 ,旨在使斜靠式拱桥体系的设计得到进一步优化     

中承式钢管混凝土拱桥稳定性分析

以某260m中承式钢管混凝土拱桥为实例,展示了该种结构稳定性分析的方法,并分析了该种结构稳定性的一些特征,计算结果表明,这种桥型的失稳问题主要发生在运营阶段,同时拱肋的刚度决定了结构的稳定性.     

钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋核心混凝土配合比设计

钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋核心混凝土施工是继拱肋安装合拢后的关键工序,其施工质量直接关系到拱肋的强度和受力性能。本文通过合理设计拱肋核心混凝土配合比,保证了西洋坪大桥钢管混凝土的顺利压注和钢管混凝土的质量。