Effect of Rare Earths on the Quality of Brush-plated Coating

ＥｆｅｃｔｏｆＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈｓｏｎｔｈｅＱｕａｌｉｔｙｏｆＢｒｕｓｈｐｌａｔｅｄＣｏａｔｉｎｇＬｉＭｕｑｉｎ（李慕勤），ＭａＣｈｅｎ（马臣）（ＪｉａｍｕｓｉＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ，Ｊｉａｍｕｓｉ１５４００７，Ｃｈｉｎａ）Ｌｉ...     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Heteronuclear Complex of Copper and Ytrium with Glycine

ＳｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓａｎｄＣｒｙｓｔａｌＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆＨｅｔｅｒｏｎｕｃｌｅａｒＣｏｍｐｌｅｘｏｆＣｏｐｐｅｒａｎｄＹｔｒｉｕｍｗｉｔｈＧｌｙｃｉｎｅＷａｎｇＲｕｉｙａｏ（王瑞瑶），ＧａｏＦｅｎｇ（高峰），ＪｉｎＴｉａｎｚｈｕ（金天柱）（...     

Investigation of Crystallization Incorporation of Er-implanted Silicon

ＩｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｏｆＣｒｙｓｔａｌｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎＩｎｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆＥｒ－ｉｍｐｌａｎｔｅｄＳｉｌｉｃｏｎＷａｎＹａ（万亚）；ＬｉＤａｉｑｉｎｇ（李岱青）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，ＹａｎｔａｉＴｅａｃｈｅｒｓ...     

Influence of Ga~(3 ) on Photoluminescence of Ce~(3 )

ＩｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｏｆＧａ３＋ｏｎＰｈｏｔｏｌｕｍｉｎｅｓｃｅｎｃｅｏｆＣｅ３＋ＸｕＣｈｕｎｘｉａｎｇ（徐春祥），ＬｏｕＺｈｉｄｏｎｇ（娄志东）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌＰｈｙｓｉｃｓ，ＴｉａｎｊｉｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＴｅｃｈｎｏ...     

Characteristics and Controlling of LaB_6-ZrB_2 Eutectic Microstructure

ＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓａｎｄＣｏｎｔｒｏｌｉｎｇｏｆＬａＢ６ＺｒＢ２ＥｕｔｅｃｔｉｃＭｉｃｒｏｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅＣｈｅｎＣｈａｎｇｍｉｎｇ（陈昌明），ＺｈｏｕＷａｎｃｈｅｎｇ（周万城），ＺｈａｎｇＬｉｔｏｎｇ（张立同）（ＮａｔｉｏｎａｌＫｅ...     

Geochemical Characteristics of Rare Earth Elements in Different Types of Soils in China

ＧｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈＥｌｅｍｅｎｔｓｉｎＤｉｆｅｒｅｎｔＴｙｐｅｓｏｆＳｏｉｌｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａＷａｎｇＬｉｊｕｎ（王立军），ＺｈａｎｇＳｈｅｎ（章申），ＧａｏＸｉａｏｊｉａｎｇ（高效江），Ｌｉｕ...     

Effect of Rare Earths on Precipitation Kinetics of Niobium Carbide in Microalloyed Steel

ＥｆｅｃｔｏｆＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈｓｏｎＰｒｅｃｉｐｉｔａｔｉｏｎＫｉｎｅｔｉｃｓｏｆＮｉｏｂｉｕｍＣａｒｂｉｄｅｉｎＭｉｃｒｏａｌｏｙｅｄＳｔｅｌＹｅＷｅｎ（叶文），ＬｉｕＹｏｎｇｈｕａ（刘勇华），ＬｉｎＱｉｎ（林勤），ＣｈｅｎＮｉｎｇ（陈宁）（Ｄｅ...     

Determination of Crystal Structure of Britholite-Y

ＤｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆＣｒｙｓｔａｌＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆＢｒｉｔｈｏｌｉｔｅ－ＹＺｈａｎｇＪｉａｎ－Ｈｏｎｇ；（张建洪）；ＦａｎｇＺｅ；（方泽）；ＬｉａｏＬｉ－Ｂｉｎｇ；（廖立兵）（ＣｈｉｎａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＧｅｏｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，...     

Effect of NdCl_3 on the Growth and i_PA Level of Detached Etiolated Cotyledons of Brasica Chinensis

ＥｆｅｃｔｏｆＮｄＣｌ３ｏｎｔｈｅＧｒｏｗｔｈａｎｄｉＰＡＬｅｖｅｌｏｆＤｅｔａｃｈｅｄＥｔｉｏｌａｔｅｄＣｏｔｙｌｅｄｏｎｓｏｆＢｒａｓｉｃａＣｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＣｈｅｎＫａｏｓｈａｎ（陈靠山），ＺｈａｎｇＪｕｒｅｎ（张举仁）（ＢｉｏｌｏｇｙＤｅｐ...     

Effects of Concentration of La~(3 ) Vacancies in LaMnO_(3 λ) on the Catalytic Activity of Oxidation of CO

ＥｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＣｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆＬａ３＋ＶａｃａｎｃｉｅｓｉｎＬａＭｎＯ３＋λｏｎｔｈｅＣａｔａｌｙｔｉｃＡｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｏｆＯｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｏｆＣＯＳｕｎＹｏｎｇａｎ（孙永安），ＺｈａｎｇＷｅｎｔａｏ（张文韬）（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎ...     

Effect of (-)-N-[(S)-hexahydro-l-methyl-2, 6-dioxo-4-pyrimidinylcarbonyl]-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide (TA-0910), a new TRH analog, on plasma levels of TSH and thyroid hormones in rats

The stimulatory effect of TA-0910 on the secretions of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones was investigated in male and female rats. Single intravenous administration of TA-0910 at 8.3 nmol/body acutely elevated the plasma TSH level, with delayed and moderate increases of T3 and T4 in plasma. Similar increments of plasma TSH and thyroid hormones were observed when TRH was injected at the dose of 0.83 nmol/body. Oral administration of TA-0910 at 2.75 mumol/body was equally potent or slightly more potent to secrete TSH than TRH at 0.275 mumol/body. The elevated TSH by TA-0910 decreased to the control level within 2 hr after intravenous injection or within 6 hr after oral administration; on the other hand, the higher levels of the thyroid hormones were retained for up to 4 and 6 hr after intravenous and oral administration, respectively. These findings indicate that TA-0910 and TRH stimulate the secretion of TSH and thyroid hormones by a similar manner and that the TSH-secreting activity of TA-0910 is lower by an order of magnitude compared with that of TRH.     

Effect of axial bulbus length and preoperative squint angle on the effect of horizontal combined squint operations

OBJECTIVE: We examined zinc (Zn) status in relation to thyroid function in disabled persons, because the association between Zn deficiency and thyroid function remains controversial. METHODS: After measuring serum free 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and free thyroxine (T4) in 134 persons, TSH-releasing hormone (TRH) injection test and estimation of Zn status were conducted in persons with low free T3. RESULTS: Thirteen had low levels of serum free T3 and normal T4. Patients with elevated levels of serum 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3) showed an enhanced reaction of serum thyrotropin (TSH) after TRH injection. Nine of 13 patients had mild to moderate Zn deficiency evaluated by body Zn clearance and increased urinary Zn excretion. After oral supplementation of Zn sulphate (4-10 mg/kg body weight) for 12 months, levels of serum free T3 and T3 normalized, serum rT3 decreased, and the TRH-induced TSH reaction normalized. Serum selenium concentration (Type 1 T4 deionidase contains selenium in the rat) was unchanged by Zn supplementation. CONCLUSION: Zn may play a role in thyroid hormone metabolism in low T3 patients and may in part contribute to conversion of T4 to T3 in humans.     

Primary end points in phase III clinical trials of severe head trauma: DRS versus GOS. The American Brain Injury Consortium Study Group

Analysis of patients with persistent hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis suggested that metabolism of thyroxine (T4), including deiodination to triiodothyronine (T3), was reduced in the elderly. The increase in the serum levels of T4 after oral administration of T4 was augmented in the elderly, whereas increase in the serum T3 level was not. Possibly due to the reduction in the pituitary deiodinase, suppression by T4 administration of serum thyrotropin (TSH) level was the same in elderly as in younger subjects despite a larger increase in the serum levels of T4 in the elderly. Consequently, the amount of T4 required to maintain a normal serum TSH level did not differ between elderly and younger subjects. Other characteristics of elderly patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis were that goiter size was smaller, that hypothyroidism was more frequent, and that Graves' disease was less frequent.     

Recurrent goiter, hyperthyroidism, galactorrhea and amenorrhea due to a thyrotropin and prolactin-producing pituitary tumor

A 22-year-old woman with recurrent goiter, hyperthyroidism, galactorrhea, and amenorrhea due to a pituitary tumor is described. She had been treated surgically twice for recurrent goiter with tracheal compression. Despite clinical signs of hyperthyroidism and slightly elevated plasma thyroid hormone levels (T4: 11 mug/dl; T3: 189 ng/dl), without thyroid hormone replacement therapy the basal TSH level was elevated up to 23 muU/ml and could not be suppressed by exogenous thyroid hormones: even when the serum thyroid hormone levels were raised into the thyrotoxic range (T4: 16.2 mug/dl T3: 392 ng/dl), the basal TSH fluctuated between 12 and 29 muU/ml. The basal PRL level was elevated up to 6000 muU/ml. The administration of TRH (200 mug iv) led only to small increments of TSH and PRL levels. Bromocriptin (5 mg p.o.) or l-dopa (0.5 g p.o.) suppressed TSH and PRL values significantly. After transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, TSH and PRL were below normal and the patient development panhypopituitarism. The adenoma showed two cell types which could be identified as lactotrophs and thyrotrophs by electronmicroscopy and immunofluorescence. From these data we conclude that the patient had a pituitary tumor with an overproduction of thyrotropin and prolactin.     

Treatment of hypothyroidism with once weekly thyroxine

We compared daily T4 therapy with 7 times the normal daily dose administered once weekly in 12 hypothyroid subjects in a randomized cross-over trial. At the end of each treatment we measured serum free T4 (FT4), free T3 (FT3), rT3, and TSH levels and multiple markers of thyroid hormone effects at the tissue level repeatedly for 24 h. Compared with daily administration, the mean serum TSH before the administration of weekly T4 was higher (weekly, 6.61; daily, 3.92 microIU/mL; P < 0.0001), and the mean FT4 (weekly, 0.98; daily, 1.35 ng/dL; P < 0.01) and FT3 (weekly, 208, daily, 242 pg/dL; P < 0.01) were lower. A minimally elevated serum total cholesterol during weekly administration (weekly, 246.8; daily, 232.6 mg/dL; P < 0.03) was the only evidence of hypothyroidism at the tissue level. Compared with daily administration, the mean peak FT4 following weekly administration of T4 was significantly higher (weekly, 2.71; daily, 1.59 ng/dL; P < 0.0001), as was the mean peak FT3 level (weekly, 285; daily, 246 pg/dL; P < 0.01). None of the tissue markers of thyroid hormone effect changed compared to daily T4, and there was no evidence of treatment toxicity, including cardiac toxicity. During weekly T4 administration, autoregulatory mechanisms maintain near-euthyroidism. For complete biochemical euthyroidism a slightly larger dose than 7 times the normal daily dose may be required.     

Familial insensitivity of the pituitary and periphery to thyroid hormone: a case report in two generations and a review of the literature

A clinically euthyroid 2-yr-old girl was found to have diffuse goiter that measured 3 X 5.5 cm with a prominent systolic bruit. Serum free T4 (3.4 ng/dl) and serum T3 (360 ng/dl) remained elevated for the next 10 months even though she remained clinically euthyroid. Elevation of serum free T4 (3.0 ng/dl) and serum T3 (265 ng/dl) was also present in the 24-yr-old nongoitrous mother who had symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism. Following intravenous injection of TRH, basal TSH levels of 2.7 and 2.8 microunits/ml increased to peak values of 17 and 21 microunits/ml at 30 min in the daughter and mother, respectively. Administration of exogenous T3 followed by sequential testing with boluses of TRH revealed retention of TSH responsiveness in both daughter and mother during pretreatment with dosage regimens of T3 below 125 micrograms daily. Maintenance of TSH responsiveness to TRH in the presence of elevated levels of serum free T4 and serum T3 indicates relative pituitary insensitivity to thyroid hormone which could be overridden by increasing the circulating levels of serum T3 three to fivefold over the already elevated basal levels. The absence of clinical signs of thyrotoxicosis indicates peripheral insensitivity to thyroid hormone with elevated circulating concentrations presumptively compensating for the defect. Resistance to thyroid hormone in two generations of the same family suggests genetic inheritance, and is concordant with four earlier reports of familial aggregation in this syndrome.     

Changes in serum thyrotropin (TSH) in man during halofenate administration

Halofenate, a serum lipid-lowering agent which inhibits binding of thyroid hormone to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), was administered daily for 14 days to 8 hypothyroid subjects with elevated TSH concentrations as a result of incomplete thyroxine (T4) therapy. Drug administration resulted in mean increases in serum dialyzable fraction T4 (DFT4) of 52% over pretreatment levels (P less than 0.01) and in dialyzable fraction triiodothyronine (DFT3) of 26% in 7 subjects, (P less than 0.01). During halofenate treatment in these 7 subjects, serum TSH concentrations decreased significantly (mean = 39%, P less than 0.01) when DFT4 and DFT3 were increased by halofenate. In only two subjects was there a convincing temporal relationship between increased serum absolute free T4 (AFT4) and decreased serum TSH concentrations. Contrary to what would be predicted from the "free hormone hypothesis", changes in serum TSH concentration in these hypothyroid patients appeared to relate primarily to changes in the free fraction of circulating T4 and T3 (DFT4, DFT3), rather than to alterations in AFT4 or AFT3. Halofenate did not alter serum TBG binding capacity. An eighth subject did not show increased DFT4 and DFT3 during halofenate treatment despite achievement of therapeutic serum levels of the agent; in this patient, serum TSH levels rose progressively throughout the period of inadequate T4 replacement and halofenate administration. In hypothyroid patients, short-term halofenate use suggests that the pituitary-thyroid hormone feedback circuit can respond to increases in serum DFT4 and DFT3 in the absence of detactable increases in absolute free hormone concentrations.     

Caudal morphine in paediatric patients: a comparison of two different doses in children after major urogenital surgery

As we had an opportunity to take blood samples from a totally thyroidectomized patient who had attempted suicide by taking 2,000 microg of Levothyroxine (L-T4), the serum levels of thyroid hormones were sequentially measured to investigate the metabolism of circulating thyroid hormones in an athyreotic human. The serum concentrations of most thyroid hormones reached a peak on the second day, but the serum T3 level showed a peak one day later. The maximum concentrations of T4 (315 microg/l), FT4 (48.8 ng/l) and rT3 (0.80 microg/l) were very high, while the peak T3 level (1.92 microg/l) did not exceed the upper limit of the normal range. The serum T4 and rT3 levels returned to their normal range 13-17 days after the suicide attempt. The TSH level was suppressed rapidly and reached its nadir (0.044 mU/l) on the 6th day. During this period, the T1/2 and MCR of serum T4 were 10.4 days and 0.64 l/day, respectively, which values were almost equivalent to those observed during 15 days after discontinuation of the maintenance L-T4 therapy. In summary, the oral intake of a large amount of L-T4 at one time does not induce a proportional increase in the T3 level in an athyreotic person. The MCR of serum T4 is decreased and the T1/2 of serum T4 is prolonged, probably due to the lack of intrathyroidal deiodination. These findings support the conclusion that the D1 activity in the thyroid is one of the major determinants in the metabolic clearance of serum T4.     

Hypothyroid patients showing shortened responsiveness to oral iodized oil have paradoxically low serum thyroglobulin and low thyroid reserve. Thyroglobulin/thyrotropin ratio as a measure of thyroid damage

In Central Africa, all of northern Zaire is very severely deficient in iodine. A peculiar feature of this endemia is that iodine deficiency and the ensuing thyroid gland stimulation not only leads to goitre formation but also to progressive thyroid involution and to myxoedematous cretinism. An iodine supplementation trial based on oral administration of small doses of iodine was made in 81 schoolchildren. All of them received a small dose of iodine (0.1 ml containing 48 mg) per os and the thyroid status was followed during 4 months. Blood and urine samples were collected at the start of the study, then 2 weeks, 2 months and 4 months after iodine administration. Before iodine supplementation the mean urinary iodine level was 0.18 +/- 0.02 micromol/l, and 10% of the subjects had a urinary iodine level below 0.08 micromol/l. Fifty-two percent of the subjects had a serum thyrotropin (TSH) level above 10 mU/l. All the subjects responded to the administration of iodine. and all of them recovered a euthyroid status. Most of them were still euthyroid at the end of the study. However. within 4 or even 2 months, some subjects (15 % of the total) reverted to hypothyroidism. At the entry of the study these subjects were all hypothyroid and had elevated TSH and paradoxically low serum thyroglobulin (TG) values. In myxoedematous cretins living in the same area, even lower serum TG levels were found. Together with the absence of goitre, a paradoxically low serum TG Suggests a low thyroid reserve, and in the present case a reduced amount of functional thyroid tissue. We show that the serum TG/TSH ratio may be used as a predictive index of thyroid reserve and of positive response to iodine administration. These data further suggest that thyroid damage is not confined to myxoedematous cretins. but is widely distributed in the phenotypically normal population. Widely distributed thyroid damage may render iodine prophylaxis based on oral administration unpredictable.     

Accumulation of zinc in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after waterborne and dietary exposure

An acromegalic patient with nontoxic autonomous goiter was sequentially treated with octreotide and bromocriptine. Before therapy, serum GH, PRL and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels were increased. Free T3 and free T4 were within the normal range with suppressed TSH levels, whereas 123Iodine-uptake of thyroid was 5.6% after 24 h. During treatment with octreotide and bromocriptine, serum GH, PRL, and IGF-I became normal and free T3 and free T4 were slightly but significantly decreased, but TSH levels remained very low. After thyroidectomy, thyroglobulin, free T3 and free T4 were further decreased, and the TSH levels were recovered to normal. These findings suggested that octreotide and bromocriptine inhibit the release of thyroid hormones from the autonomous thyroid gland directly or indirectly through the decline in IGF-I.