Glycothermal法制备钛酸铋镧纳米晶

以分析纯Bi2O3、La2O3、TiCl4为原料,NaOH为矿化剂,通过Glycothermal法制备了具有板状形貌的钛酸铋镧(BLT)纳米晶。采用X线衍射(XRD)和场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)等测试手段对纳米晶的微结构进行了表征,并研究了醇水体积比、反应时间和矿化剂加入量等因素对晶粒尺寸、形貌及结晶性的影响关系。结果表明:BLT纳米晶尺寸随醇水体积比增加而减小;随着反应时间的延长,晶粒尺寸与结晶度逐渐增大;随着矿化剂量的增加,晶粒宽厚比逐渐增大。当醇水体积比为1∶5、反应时间为24 h、矿化剂引入量为0.266 mol/L时,BLT纳米晶宽厚比可达2.67。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备钛酸锶钡铁电薄膜的研究

钛酸锶钡(BST)薄膜是一类重要的铁电薄膜材料。采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同组分的具有钙钛矿结构的BST薄膜。利用X射线衍射技术(XRD),研究了不同退火条件下BST薄膜的结晶特性,结果表明制备的BST薄膜形成了单一的钙钛矿结构;利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了薄膜的表面形貌,结果表明制备的BST薄膜光滑,平整,无明显的孔洞和裂纹,且生长良好。BST薄膜的晶粒细致,排列整齐,分布均匀,呈现球状。     

电沉积纳米晶镍制备金刚石工具

介绍了纳米晶镍作为新型胎体材料制备电镀金刚石工具的方法及其特点.纳米晶镍是在瓦特型槽液中通过调整方波电流而得到的,脉冲参数为:电流导通时间3 ms,关断时间45 ms,峰值电流密度100 A·dm-2.其显微硬度达到595 MPa,没有气孔之类缺陷,表面较平整,晶粒尺寸在50 nm左右.工具平均寿命要比常用的Ni-Co胎体材料工具高15.8%.新工艺还有其它诸多优点,如生产周期短、所用试剂的成本低、电解液成分简单等.电镀纳米晶体材料作为金刚石工具的胎体材料是较为理想的.     

BST铁电薄膜的制备、应用及其研究进展

综述了钛酸锶钡（BST）铁电薄膜的4种制备工艺：磁控溅射（Magnetron sputtering）法、金属有机物化学气相沉积（MOCVD）法、脉冲激光淀积（PLD）法,以及溶胶-凝胶（Sol-Gel）法.并介绍了BST铁电薄膜在动态随机存储器、非致冷红外探测器热成像、移相器等方面的应用及其研究进展.     

制备方法对纳米氧化铁晶型的影响

分别采用沉淀法，硬脂酸法、聚乙二醇法、柠檬酸法和柠檬酸铁快速燃烧法制备纳米氧化铁晶体，研究了这5种制备方法对粉体晶，平均粒径，磁性，分散性的影响。结果表明，沉淀法制得粒径为8．5nm的α-Fe2O3，柠檬酸铁快速燃烧获得的是Fe3O4的纳米晶，而采用3种溶胶－凝胶法制得的是α-F2O3与λ－Fe2O3的混合晶体。     

电沉积纳米晶材料制备方法及机理

介绍了用电沉积技术制备纳米晶材料的方法和机理,如直流电沉积、脉冲电沉积、复合电沉积、喷射电沉积、超声波电沉积和刷镀,展望了电沉积纳米晶材料的应用前景.     

BaNiO3纳米晶的制备与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了BaNiO3复合纳米晶,讨论了制备BaNiO3纳米晶的最佳实验条件.X-衍射分析、透射电镜和扫描电镜对其粒径大小及形貌特征进行了表征;研究结果表明,当氯化钡和硝酸镍的物质的量比为6:5、灼烧温度>500℃、pH为7时形成BaNiO3晶粒,粒度随焙烧温度的升高而增大,温度达到700℃时,晶型趋于完善.     

电沉积镍纳米晶材料制备及性能

采用直流电沉积法向镀液中加入复合有机添加荆制备了镍纳米晶材料。采用扫描电镜及X射线衍射仪分析了该纳米晶材料的微观形貌及相结构．测定了其结合强度、显微硬度及耐磨性能。结果表明,该纳米镍镀层表面致密、平整,且结合强度、显微硬度及耐磨性能优良,与粗晶镍镀层相比有较大的提高．     

γ—Fe2O3纳米晶的制备

采用硬脂酸溶胶－凝胶法制备γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３纳米晶具有操作简单、过程易于控制、产品质量较高的优点,在工业上有一定的应用前景。     

钛酸锶钡陶瓷材料的掺杂改性

钛酸锶钡(BST)是一种重要的具有钙钛矿结构的铁电材料。顺电态下,其介电损耗较小,结构稳定。因此对顺电态下的BST进行掺杂改性是近年来铁电材料的研究热点之一。本文简要介绍了目前国内外科研工作者利用稀土、碱土氧化物进行掺杂时对BST的微观结构、介电损耗、介电常数以及可调率方面的影响。     

Relaxor Ferroelectric Behavior in Barium Strontium Titanate

The development of barium strontium titanate‐based tunable dielectrics is currently hindered by high losses in the paraelectric phase. Barium strontium titanate (BST) thin films and ceramics show a range of ferroelectric transition behavior, from normal, diffuse, and relaxor‐like ferroelectric responses, depending on the sample preparation route. Rayleigh analysis, the temperature‐dependent dielectric response, and the optical second harmonic generation were used to characterize the ferroelectric response of bulk and thin film BST. Ferroelectricity is observed to persist in BST for 30°C above the global phase transition temperature in ceramics and over 50°C in thin films. Piezoresponse force microscopy on BST ceramics with extensive residual ferroelectricity reveals the coexistence of nanoscale polar regions, typical of relaxor ferroelectrics, as well as micrometer scale domain structures. The nature of the phase transition was probed using electron energy loss spectroscopy and found to correlated with the nanoscale A‐site chemical inhomogeneity in the samples.     

纳米BaTiO3的Sn掺杂改性与性能研究

通过溶胶凝胶法制备了掺锡钛酸钡前驱体并进行了粉末和陶瓷样品制备,分析了掺杂Sn比例对BaTi1-xSnxO3粉末和陶瓷物相组成、微观形貌和铁电性能的影响.结果 表明,不同Sn掺杂比例下BaTi1-xSnxO3粉末的晶胞体积随着x值增加不断增大,当x=0.06时,BaTi0.94Sn0.06O3粉末中c/a值约等于1.009,为不同Sn掺杂比例下BaTi1-xSnxO3粉末中最大值;扫描电镜下,BaTi0.94Sn0.06O3粉末中颗粒的尺寸基本都在30μm以下,且基本呈四方结构.在x=0.06时,BaTi1-xSnxO3陶瓷中c/a值(1.021)和晶胞体积(65 166 nm3)为几组试样中最大值,表明BaTi0.94Sn0.06O3陶瓷中四方相晶型结构最显著.随着频率增加,BaTi1-xSnxO3陶瓷的剩余极化强度和矫顽场强都呈现逐渐减小特征,在相同频率下,BaTi0.94Sn0.06O3陶瓷的剩余极化强度最大、矫顽场强最小,具有最佳的铁电性能.     

钛酸锶钡结构与制备工艺研究进展

钛酸锶钡[(Ba,Sr)TiO3,SBT]是1种重要的电子陶瓷材料,具有高介电常数、低漏电流、高热释电系数,高的介电可调等特性,广泛用于动态随机存储器、热释电探测器、介质移相器等电子元件的制备。综述了钛酸锶钡[(Ba,Sr)TiO3,SBT]的结构和制备工艺研究进展,评述了制备工艺和掺杂等对钛酸锶钡的结构和性能的影响,并指出了钛酸锶钡尚待解决的问题。     

Optical Properties of Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) Ferroelectric Thin Films

Barium strontium titanate (Ba_0.05Sr_0.95TiO₃) ferroelectric thin films have been prepared on single crystal [001] MgO substrates using the pulsed laser deposition method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis show the films were oriented with the [001] direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate. The refractive index of Ba_0.05Sr_0.95TiO₃ is determined from model fitting with the calculated data of the reflectivity of Ba_0.05Sr_0.95TiO₃ in the wavelength 1450-1580 nm at the room temperature. The dispersion curve decreases gradually with increasing wavelength. The average value of the refractive index is found to be 1.985 in the wavelength 1450-1580 nm which is important for optoelectronic device applications.     

Barium Zirconate-Lead Titanate Ferroelectric Ceramics

Hot-pressed barium zirconate-lead titanate ceramics have been examined to determine crystal-line symmetry and dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties. Barium zirconate additions to lead titanate form solid solutions with a decreasing tetragonal c/a axial ratio until at 60PbTiO₃–40BaZrO₃ to 75PbTiO₃–25BaZrO₃ the ceramics have coercive forces low enough to permit polarization. High-coercive-force piezo-electric ceramics are formed with k_p up to 0.30 and d₃₃ up to 110 × 10⁻¹² coulombs per newton.     

Flextensional Barium Strontium Titanate Actuators

This paper describes the performance of the cymbal flextensional transducer using Dy-doped barium strontium titanate (BST) as the driver material. BST was first characterized for its dielectric and loss behavior as a function of temperature and electrical bias field. With no electrical bias, the transition temperature was measured to be near 20°C and have a dielectric constant >20 000. The strain of a BST disk was then measured and compared with other ceramics. At room temperature the strain and average effective piezoelectric d ₃₃ of this non-lead composition was slightly larger than Navy type I lead zirconate titanate (PZT-4) ceramic. The strain/field behavior was also measured as a function of temperature. Cymbal capped BST ceramic was found to have an amplified displacement of 28×, also very similar to type I ceramic. The stiffness of BST was found to be tunable by dc voltage and 2 to 3 times larger than that of PZT. This material has promise for applications in actuators and transducers with large generative force.     

Solution-Precipitation of Fine Powders of Barium Titanate and Strontium Titanate

Hydrolytic reactions of metal alkoxides offer a broad range of possibilities for their use in the preparation of ceramic powders. This paper reports a unique and novel process to prepare fine powders of BaTiO₃ and SrTiO₃ from stable precursor solutions by carefully controlling the pH and temperature. This simple route offers good control of stoichiometry and the powders are agglomerate-free with fine particles of size 0.06–0.1 µm and were well sintered at 1200° and 1350°C, respectively. The dielectric properties of the dense ceramics are also reported. The formation aspects of these perovskite phases are also discussed.     

Aging in Tetragonal Ferroelectric Barium Titanate

The aging phenomenon in tetragonal ferroelectric bairum titanate was investigated by optical microscopy and by electrical measurements. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe in detail domain reactions which occurred during aging. Aging may be characterized as an exhaustion-type process because of the increase in the apparent activation energy with time. It is concluded that aging is the relief of the residual stresses of the ferroelectric transition by the thermally activated nucleation of 90° domains.