聚氨酯脲－乙烯基聚合物复合水分散液

以蓖麻油、二官能度聚醚多元醇（ＧＥ ２１０）、苯乙烯和丙烯酸丁酯等原料合成了聚氨酯脲－乙烯基聚合物（ＰＵＡ）复合水分散液,并研究了这类水分散体系的粒子形态、流变性能以及稳定性。结果表明,分别由蓖麻油以及蓖麻油与ＧＥ ２１０质量比为１／ｌ合成的ＰＵＡ分散液中的分散相呈现出较好的核壳结构,分散液的粘度较小,接近于牛顿流体,且体系的电位绝对值和临界聚沉浓度较大。由ＧＥ ２１０合成的ＰＵＡ复合水分散液中未观察到规则的分散粒子,分散液的粘度较大,表现为假塑性流体,且对电解质较敏感。     

可再生聚酯多元醇的合成及其在聚氨酯材料中的应用

采用油酸为主要原料合成了羟值为236mgKOH／g、酸值为2．8mgKOH／g的可再生聚酯多元醇,并以此聚酯多元醇为原料制备了聚氨酯硬质泡沫。研究了该聚酯多元醇用量对泡沫发泡和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着聚酯多元醇加入量的增加,形成聚氨酯硬质泡沫的反应速度增加;与纯聚醚多元醇制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫相比,加入20％～30％的该聚酯多元醇制备的聚氨酯泡沫的尺寸稳定性和压缩强度增加。     

脂肪族水性聚氨酯脲的改性研究

采用原位聚合法,通过聚醚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和二羟甲基丙酸反应合成聚氨酯预聚体,以有机硅单体和乙二胺为扩链剂,得到有机硅改性的脂肪族水性聚氨酯脲分散液.改性后的水分散液呈蓝光透明或乳白色,且稳定性良好.与未改性聚氨酯脲相比,改性后聚氨酯脲水分散液的粒径有所增大,但粒径分布基本不变.改性水分散液成膜后的热稳定和冻融...     

耐水解聚醚-聚酯型聚氨酯涂饰剂的研制

以聚四氢呋喃醚二醇（PTMG）、聚酯多元醇和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯等为主要原料，合成了一种聚醚-聚酯共聚型氨酯树脂，以该聚氨酯树脂、颜料及混合有机溶剂等原料，配制了耐水解聚氨涂饰剂，该聚氨酯涂饰用于聚氨酯合成革的表面涂饰。重点讨论了聚氨酯树脂聚醚含量对树脂物性、耐水解性能的影响，以及树脂的100%模量、粘度及涂饰剂溶剂体系对涂饰加工性能及合成革耐水解性能的影响，制得的聚氨酯涂饰具有良好的耐水解性能。     

用酶合成聚酯多元醇新方法

Baxenden化学品公司开发了常温酶催化生产聚酯多元醇的专利工艺,采用常规原料如已二酸、l,小丁二醇、l,6一己二醇合成聚酯。据该公司称,所合成的高结晶性聚酯具有极窄的分子量分布,并明显改善了聚酯耐水解性。这些性质与采用相同原料高温合成的常规聚酯多元醉不同。采用该新方法还能合成较高分子量的聚酯。Baxendell公司生产的聚酯牌号叫Xenol,认为该聚酯特别适合于用作生产热塑性聚氨酯、湿固化聚氨酯胶粘剂及聚氨酯热熔胶的多元醇组分,其他应用包括表面涂层、粘合剂、密封胶及织物涂层。用酶合成聚酯多元醇新方法@刘益军…     

聚酯多元醇的分类及研究进展

聚酯多元醇是在特定条件下,由多元酸与多元醇经酯化、脱水、聚合反应而成。其原材料、工艺方法及添加剂不同,所得聚酯多元醇的性能不同,由此合成的聚氨酯种类及用途就差别较大。针对聚酯多元醇及其所对应的聚氨酯的性质和用途,研究了聚酯多元醇的不同的结构特征对聚氨酯性能的影响,同时对不同种类聚酯多元醇的研究进展进行了综述,并以此为基础对聚酯多元醇的发展方向和前景进行了展望。     

聚氨酯胶黏剂用苯酐聚酯多元醇的研制

以苯酐、二甘醇、新戊二醇为原料,合成了苯酐聚酯多元醇。简述了合成聚酯多元醇的工艺,对反应温度、醇酸物质的量比、真空度、出水速率和催化剂等对合成聚酯树脂的影响进行了探讨,结果表明,当控制反应温度在250℃左右,醇酸物质的量比为1.164,真空度>0.09MPa,出水速率为50mL/h,催化剂质量分数为0.04%时,合成的苯酐聚酯多元醇能够满足生产聚氨酯胶黏剂的应用要求。并对所做聚酯用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱表征。     

皮革涂层用聚氨酯树脂的合成

采用低相对分子质量的聚酯多元醇为主要原料,合成了高性能的皮革涂层用聚氨酯。讨论了聚酯多元醇相对分子质量、扩链剂种类及其用量、异氰酸酯指数R、耐黄变助剂、水解稳定剂等因素对聚氨酯性能的影响。所合成的聚氨酯附着力好、亮度高、耐黄变及耐水解性能优良,可用于制备高品质的皮革涂层。     

回收PET用于发泡聚氨酯胶粘剂的聚酯多元醇合成研究

以回收PET、二甘醇、己二酸为原料,合成聚酯多元醇。简述了合成PET聚酯多元醇的工艺。对反应温度、反应时间、物料配比、真空度、副产物移除、催化剂用量等对合成聚酯树脂的影响进行了探讨。结果表明,当反应温度控制在240℃左右,醇:PET摩尔比为1.31~1.35,真空度大于0.09 MPa,催化剂质量分数为0.5%时,合成的PET聚酯多元醇达到聚氨酯胶粘剂的应用要求。     

鞋用聚氨酯胶粘剂的研究

探讨了研制高性能鞋用聚氨酯胶粘剂的技术路线,并介绍了聚酯多元醇和聚氨酯胶粘剂的合成工艺和方法。以聚己内酯、1,4-丁二醇和MDI等原料合成的鞋用聚氨酯胶粘剂,具有结晶度高、结晶速度快、内聚强度大等特点。讨论了聚酯二元醇、扩链剂、聚氨酯胶粘剂的分子量、异氰酸酯指数等对胶粘剂性能的影响。     

PU/BA-HEMA互穿网络型聚合物的合成及性能

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）为硬段,聚醚多元醇（N220）为软段,以丙烯酸丁酯（BA）和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEMA）改性,制备了水性聚氨酯（PU）分散液,测定了水分散液及其膜的物理性能和力学性能。结果表明,与未改性的PU水分散液相比,改性聚氨酯水分散液的粒径均有所增大,表面张力减小,力学性能和硬度提高。HEMA 的引入,形成了具有化学交联的核-壳互穿网络结构的聚合物,说明改性材料中分子链硬段与PA分子链具有较高的相容性。     

Self-emulsifiable soybean oil phosphate ester polyols for low-VOC corrosion resistant coatings

A series of soybean oil phosphate ester polyols (SOPEP) was prepared by reaction of fully epoxidized soybean oil with phosphoric acid and simultanoeous hydrolysis in the presence of a polar solvent. The polyols were characterized by determination of acid value, oxirane number, hydroxyl value, molecular weight (GPC), and FTIR spectra. These polyols with varying amounts of acid phosphate groups could be self-emulsified to form aqueous dispersions after neutralization with organic base. These aqueous dispersion showed varying degrees of stability and their appearance ranged from opaque dispersions to translucent to clear solutions. Waterborne coating compositions were prepared using these aqueous dispersions as principal components and their thermally cured film properties were studied. it was found that by careful selection and formulation, SOPEPs can be successfully used for low-VOC waterborne coating formulations. SOPEPs with 3.5% phosphate ester content showed visibly superior corrosion resistance properties.     

Effect of dicarboxylic acids on the performance properties of polyurethane dispersions

A series of low molecular weight linear polyester polyols were synthesized by using various diacids, neopentyl glycol, as a diol, and a trimethylol propane, as a branching monomer. Polyurethane dispersions were prepared primarily from isophorone diisocyanate, polyester polyol, and dimethylol propionic acid, as potential ionic center for water dispersibility, and were subsequently chain extended with ethylene diamine. The effect of polyester polyols based on variable diacids, on the physico‐chemical and thermal properties of polyurethane dispersions were evaluated by hardness, flexibility, impact resistance, solvent resistance, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Particle size was evaluated by particle size analyzer. It was observed that the number of alkylene groups present in the polyester polyol soft segment in addition to its molecular weight had a pronounced effect on the particle size, physico‐chemical, and thermal properties. With a proper selection of the soft segment, it is possible to fine‐tune properties of aqueous polyurethane dispersion coatings with respect to the final application. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Improved Adhesion of Waterborne Polyurethanes by Hybridizations

Aqueous polyurethane dispersions based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), poly (tetramethylene adipate) glycol (PTAd), and dimethylolproprionic acid (DMPA) were synthesized by a prepolymer mixing process. Effects of the molecular weight of PTAd and types of hybridizations, viz. blending, semi-interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), and full IPNs with polybutylacrylate have been determined. It was found that thermal, mechanical, and adhesion properties of the polyurethane dispersions increased with increasing molecular weight of polyols.

Regarding the effects of hybridization, full IPNs gave the greatest tensile strength and elongation at break with a fast drying rate, whereas semi-IPNs gave the greatest initial as well as final adhesion, implying that a certain degree of chain mobility would augment the penetrations of adhesive molecules into the soft polyurethane foam substrates.     

Seed oil based polyester polyols for coatings

The hydroformylation of seed oil based fatty acid methyl esters leads to aldehyde intermediates that can be hydrogenated to give novel seed oil based monomers. In this study, the seed oil based monomers were polymerized with low molecular weight diols to produce novel aliphatic polyester polyols with very low viscosities. The seed oil polyester polyols provide environmentally friendly (green) coating formulations with low volatile organic compound emissions which lead to coatings with superior physical properties, such as exceptional hydrolytic resistance and flexibility. From these polyester polyols, waterborne polyurethane dispersions were also developed with excellent stability resulting in coatings with superior physical properties (i.e., good toughness and abrasion resistance), and exceptional hydrolytic and acid resistance.     

Effects of unsaturation and different ring-opening methods on the properties of vegetable oil-based polyurethane coatings

A variety of vegetable oil-based, waterborne polyurethane dispersions have been successfully synthesized from different vegetable oil polyols exhibiting almost constant hydroxyl functionalities of 2.7 OH groups per molecule. The vegetable oil polyols, which have been prepared from vegetable oils with different fatty acid compositions (peanut, corn, soybean, and linseed oil), range in residual degree of unsaturation from 0.4 to 3.5 carbon–carbon double bonds per triglyceride molecule. The effects of residual unsaturation on the thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting polyurethane films have been investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) has been used to accurately determine the molecular weight and mass distribution of the vegetable oil polyols. Higher residual unsaturation results in polyurethane films with increased break strength, Young's modulus, and toughness. This work has isolated the effect of unsaturation on vegetable oil-based polyurethane films, which has been neglected in previous studies. The effect of different oxirane ring opening methods (methanol, butanol, acetic acid, and hydrochloric acid) on the properties of the coatings has also been examined.     

二乙醇胺开环环氧大豆油制备大豆多元醇及其性能表征

以大豆油、冰乙酸和过氧化氢为原料,硫酸为催化剂,合成了不同环氧值的环氧大豆油。再由合成的环氧大豆油与二乙醇胺在四氟硼酸作催化剂的条件下．通过开环加成反应制备了羟基值分别为261mgKOH／g、285mgKOH／g、312mgKOH／g、340mgKOH／g的4种大豆多元醇。用滴定法测定多元醇羟值,用傅立叶变换红外光谱、差示扫描量热法、热重分析法对多元醇进行了分析和表征。结果表明4种多元醇的熔点和热稳定性都随多元醇羟值增大而增大。     

Synthesis and characterization of crosslinked polyurethane dispersions based on hydroxylated polyesters

Stringent environmental regulation has endowed dispersible coatings with excellent property profiles in industrial applications. In this aspect, aqueous polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) are of special interest. The present study reports on the synthesis of hydroxylated polyester (HP) based polyurethane polyols containing internal carboxyl group with different diisocyanates. These polyurethane polyols were partly acetoacetylated with ethyl acetoacetate to incorporate β‐ketoester in the polyurethane polyol backbone. The synthesized polyols were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and differential scanning calorimetry. Polyurethane polyols and their acetoacetylated cousins were used to develop PUDs. Particle size of the reactive PUDs was evaluated by a particle size analyzer. PUDs were crosslinked with hexamethoxy methyl melamine and their film properties were studied by dynamic mechanical and thermal analyzers and thermogravimetric analyses. The effects of different diisocyanate and acetoacetylation on the stability of reactive dispersion and properties of the crosslinked films were evaluated. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 368–380, 2006     

软段含离子基团的阴离子型水性聚氨酯胶粘剂的研究(Ⅰ)——软段结构的影响

以含有不同离子基团的聚酯多元醇为软段,采用丙酮法合成了一系列水性聚氨酯乳液。研究了不同离子基团的聚酯多元醇和不同软段结构对其干膜物理机械性能和吸水率的影响。     

A renewable approach toward the development of mahua oil‐based wood protective polyurethane coatings: Synthesis and performance evaluation

In the current scenario, the demand for renewable resources is increasing day by day due to numerous factors. In view of this, current work represents the preparation of wood protective polyurethane (PU) coatings from mahua oil. Mahua oil was used as a starting material for the synthesis of fatty amide by base catalyzed aminolysis reaction. The synthesized fatty amide was converted into the polyetheramide polyols by a condensation reaction with bisphenol C. The structure of the synthesized products was confirmed by the attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized polyetheramide polyols were used as precursors for the preparation of PUs and the prepared PUs were applied on the wood surface as a protective coating. The coating performance of the PUs was evaluated by the measurement of mechanical, thermal, and microbial properties as well as water, solvent, and chemical resistance. The coating performance revealed that mahua oil can be used as a renewable resource for the preparation of wood protective PUs. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46722.