SiC(0001)面和(000-1)面CMP抛光对比研究

研究了SiC衬底(0001)面和(000-1)面不同的CMP抛光特性。分别采用pH值为10.38和1.11的改性硅溶胶抛光液对SiC衬底的(0001)Si面和(000-1)C面进行对比抛光实验。使用精密天平测量晶片抛光前后的质量,计算出CMP抛光工艺的材料去除速率。并使用强光灯、微分干涉显微镜和原子力显微镜检测晶片表面质量。发现采用酸性抛光液和碱性抛光液进行抛光,均有VC>VSi;而对于(0001)Si面,有VSi酸>VSi碱;对于(000-1)C面,有VC酸>VC碱。该结论对于探索最佳碳化硅的CMP抛光工艺具有较高价值。     

基于白刚玉微粉的6H-SiC单晶基片化学机械抛光材料去除率研究

碳化硅单晶基片已广泛应用于微电子、光电子等领域,如集成电路、半导体照明(LED)等,本文根据前期的研究结果,以白刚玉微粉为磨料,通过大量的实验,研究了抛光液成分(PH值、磨粒粒径与含量、分散剂、氧化剂、活性剂)、抛光盘转速以及载物台转速对SiC单晶片(0001)Si面和C面化学机械抛光(CMP)时对材料去除率的影响。研究结果表明,在SiC晶体基片化学机械抛光时,抛光液在一定的pH值、一定的氧化剂含量、一定的分散剂含量、一定的磨粒含量及尺寸下,能够获得最佳的材料去除率;抛光盘的转速对材料去除率影响较大,材料去除率随抛光压力的增加而增大,C面的材料去除率远大于Si面的材料去除率,但无论是Si面或C面,抛光后表面无划痕,经过2个半小时的抛光,表面粗糙度达到Ra1nm以下。结果表明,氧化铝(Al2O3)磨粒可用于碳化硅单晶基片的化学机械抛光,其研究结果可为进一步研究SiC单晶片的高效低成本化学机械抛光液、抛光工艺参数及化学机械抛光机理提供参考依据。     

4H-SiC(0001)硅面原子级平整抛光方法

以4H-SiC(0001)面Si面为加工对象,提出了一种可以快速获得平整、无损伤表面的化学机械抛光方法。先在复合铜、锡盘上对2英寸(1英寸=2.54 cm)的SiC晶片进行机械抛光,去除研磨造成的损伤层和划痕,最后用特殊的抛光液进行化学机械抛光。用微分干涉显微镜和原子力显微镜观察晶片表面形貌的变化,观察结果显示,经3 h抛光后晶片的表面粗糙度状况得到了明显的改善,表面没有观察到划痕,表面粗糙度值达到了0.1 nm以下,并且出现规则排列的原子台阶构型,达到了原子级平整。实验研究了抛光液组成对抛光效果的影响,在最优的条件下,化学机械抛光的去除速率约为387 nm/h。     

单晶SiC电化学腐蚀及化学机械抛光

通过电化学工作站对4英寸(1英寸=2.54 cm)n型单晶SiC(4H-SiC)进行电化学腐蚀特性研究,采用36GPAW-TD单面抛光机对其Si面和C面进行了化学机械抛光(CMP)。结果表明,采用H2O2和NaClO作为氧化剂,均可促进SiC的电化学腐蚀并提高其抛光去除速率,其促进作用与氧化剂浓度和抛光液的pH值密切相关。选择含体积分数5%的H2O2、pH值为12的SiO2抛光液对SiC进行CMP,得到的Si面抛光速率可以达到285.7 nm/h。在含H2O2抛光液中引入适量的NaNO3和十二烷基硫酸钠,SiC表现出较高的腐蚀电位绝对值和去除速率。在H2O2和NaClO抛光液体系中,SiC的去除速率与其腐蚀电位的绝对值正相关,该结果对实际应用有一定的借鉴意义。     

硒化镉晶片的化学机械抛光

硒化镉(CdSe)的表面加工质量对CdSe基器件的性能至关重要.化学机械抛光(CMP)是一种获得高质量晶体加工表面的常用方法.为改善CdSe晶片的表面加工质量,以SiO2水溶胶配制抛光液,研究了抛光液磨料质量分数、抛光液pH值、氧化剂NaClO的质量分数、抛光盘转速和抛光时间等因素对CdSe晶片抛光去除速率和表面质量的影响,优化了CdSe的CMP工艺参数.结果表明,在优化工艺条件下,CdSe的平均去除速率为320 nm/min,晶片的抛光表面无明显划痕和塌边现象.原子力显微镜(AFM)测量结果表明,抛光后的CdSe晶片表面粗糙度为0.542 nm,可以满足器件制备要求.     

硫化镉晶片抛光工艺研究

研究了硫化镉(CdS)晶片Cd面的化学机械抛光(CMP)工艺。采用硅溶胶抛光液和NaClO氧化剂,分别使用聚氨脂和磨砂革抛光垫进行粗抛和精抛实验,并研究了氧化剂掺入量、抛光转速、抛光压力等工艺条件对CdS晶片表面质量的影响。结果表明,在抛光液中氧化剂体积分数为6%左右、抛光盘的转速为90～100 r/min、压强为55～60 g/cm2条件下可得到平整度较好、表面缺陷低、表面粗糙度低的高质量抛光表面。金相显微镜和微分干涉显微镜下观测抛光片表面无划痕、无桔皮产生,原子力显微镜测试得到抛光后CdS晶片Cd面的表面粗糙度值仅为0.385 nm。     

CMP中酸碱度对InSb晶片粗糙度的影响

InSb是一种重要的半导体材料。研究了在压力、流量等工艺参数一定的条件下,通过改变有机碱在抛光液中的体积分数,得到了不同pH值的抛光液。采用化学机械抛光(CMP)对InSb进行了表面加工,并在原子力显微镜下观测了抛光后晶片的表面粗糙度,找到了适宜InSb抛光的最佳pH值,从而达到降低InSb表面粗糙度的目的,最后分析和讨论了实验结果及其有机碱在CMP中的作用,最终实现了工艺参数的优化。     

磷化铟的化学机械抛光技术研究进展

磷化铟单晶作为一种重要的外延层衬底材料被广泛应用于光电器件.衬底外延生长和电子器件制备要求磷化铟晶片表面具有极低的表面粗糙度、无表面/亚表面损伤和残余应力等,需对磷化铟晶片表面进行抛光加工,其表面质量决定了后续的外延层质量并最终影响磷化铟基器件的性能.综述了磷化铟晶体化学机械抛光(CMP)技术进展;介绍了磷化铟表面的化学反应原理、CMP去除机理;详细分析了磷化铟抛光液组分及pH值、抛光工艺参数(抛光压力、抛光盘转速、抛光垫特性、磨料种类、粒径及浓度)等对磷化铟抛光质量的影响;介绍了磷化铟抛光片的清洗工艺,并对磷化铟CMP的后续研究方向提出一些建议.     

SiC化学机械抛光技术的研究进展

介绍了半导体材料SiC抛光技术的发展及直接影响器件成品率的衬底材料几何参数和表面质量因素.讨论了SiC化学机械抛光方法(CMP),包括磨削、粗抛和精抛三个过程,其中粗抛又分重压和轻压两个过程,通过这种方法能够制造出平整度好,表面低损伤的SiC晶片的抛光片,切割线痕通过磨削和抛光可以有效地去除,最终达到表面粗糙度小于1 nm.分析了CMP的原理和相关工艺参数对抛光的影响,指出了其发展前景.     

碲锌镉衬底的化学机械抛光液研究

作为碲锌镉衬底表面加工的重要工序,化学机械抛光(Chemical Mechanical Polishing, CMP)的加工效果决定了碲锌镉衬底的表面质量和生产效率。抛光液是CMP的关键影响因素之一,直接影响衬底抛光后的表面质量。对碲锌镉衬底CMP工艺使用的抛光液进行了研究,探究了以二氧化硅溶胶和过氧化氢为主体的抛光液体系在不同pH值、不同磨料浓度下对衬底抛光表面质量和去除速率的影响。结果表明,使用改进后的抛光液体系对碲锌镉衬底进行CMP,能够在获得超光滑表面的同时实现高效率加工,为批量化制备高表面质量的碲锌镉衬底奠定了良好基础。     

Current-controlled negative resistance (CCNR) in SiC P-i-Nrectifiers

This paper presents an experimental demonstration of a current-controlled negative resistance (CCNR) in the forward characteristics of 6H-SiC P-i-N rectifiers. These forward characteristics indicate that the poor electrical performance of SiC diodes arises because conductivity modulation is not yet established. The cause of this behavior appears to be high defect densities and low minority carrier lifetime in the lightly doped drift region. N⁺ P junctions exhibit excellent forward characteristics with forward drop of 2.8 V at 100 A/cm² and 3.9 V at 1000 A/cm² without entering the CCNR mode when traps have been filled prior to the measurement     

Reliability of Diode-Integrated SiC Power MOSFET(DioMOS)

Status of the reliability study on silicon carbide (SiC) power MOS transistors is presented. The SiC transistors studied are diode-integrated MOSFETs (DioMOS) in which a highly doped n-type epitaxial channel layer formed underneath the gate oxide acts as a reverse diode and thus an external Schottky barrier diode can be eliminated. The novel MOS device can reduce the total area of SiC leading to potentially lower cost as well as the size of the packaging. After summarizing the issues on reliability of conventional SiC MOS transistors, the improvements by the newly proposed DioMOS with blocking voltage of 1200 V are presented. The I–V characteristic of the integrated reverse diode is free from the degradation which is typically observed in conventional pn-junction-based body diode in SiC MOS transistors. The improved quality of the MOS gate in the DioMOS results in very stable threshold voltage within its variation less than 0.1 V even after 2000 h of serious gate voltage stresses of + 25 V and − 10 V at 150 °C. High temperature reverse bias test (HTRB) shows very stable off-state and gate leakage current up to 2000 h under the drain voltage of 1200 V at 150 °C. These results indicate that the presented DioMOS can be applied to practical switching systems free from the reliability issues.     

SiC肖特基紫外光电探测器的研制

采用微电子平面工艺,用宽禁带半导体n-4H-SiC和金属Au(或Ni)形成肖特基接触,Ti、Ni、Ag合金在背底作欧姆接触,制备出Au/n-4H-SiC和Ni/n-4H-SiC肖特基紫外光电探测器.测试分析了这两种器件的光谱响应特性及其I-V特性.其光谱响应范围均是200～400 nm,室温无偏压下,Au/n-4H-SiC的光谱响应峰值在310 nm,光谱响应半宽是73 nm,室温7 V偏压下光谱响应峰值86.72 mA/W,量子效率可达37.15%,Ni/n-4H-SiC相应的参数分别为300 nm、83 nm、45.84 mA/W及18.98%.Au/n-4H-SiC室温下正向开启电压0.81 V,Ni/n-4H-SiC是0.52 V,两者反向击穿电压均大于200 V,反向漏电流小于1×10-10 A.     

Investigation of the SiC/(SiC)1−x (AlN)x heterostructures by the method of capacitance-voltage characteristics

Using the method of measuring and analyzing the capacitance-voltage characteristics, it is found that the n-6H-SiC/p-(SiC)_1?x (AlN)_x heterostructures obtained by sublimation epitaxy of the (SiC)_1?x (AlN)_x layers on the 6H-SiC substrates have abrupt heterojunctions ～10^?4 cm thick. The basic properties of heterostructures, which depend on the epilayer composition and temperature, were determined from the capacitance-voltage characteristics.     

Temperature Dependence of Epitaxial Graphene Formation on SiC(0001)

The formation of epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001) surfaces is studied using atomic force microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, electron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and electrical measurements. Starting from hydrogen-annealed surfaces, graphene formation by vacuum annealing is observed to begin at about 1150°C, with the overall step-terrace arrangement of the surface being preserved but with significant roughness (pit formation) on the terraces. At higher temperatures near 1250°C, the step morphology changes, with the terraces becoming more compact. At 1350°C and above, the surface morphology changes into relatively large flat terraces separated by step bunches. Features believed to arise from grain boundaries in the graphene are resolved on the terraces, as are fainter features attributed to atoms at the buried graphene/SiC interface.     

S波段功率SiC MESFET(芯片)研制

介绍了一种S波段功率SiC MESFET芯片的研制技术。针对SiC材料的特点,对4H-SiC外延材料进行了设计和仿真,同时对Al记忆效应进行了研究,优化了4H-SiC外延生长技术。研究了栅长与沟道厚度纵横比(Lg/a)对短沟道效应和漏极势垒降低效应的影响。采用了凹槽栅结构和体标记电子束直写技术以及热氧化SiO2和SiNx复合钝化层设计等新制备工艺,实现了栅、漏泄漏电流的减小和源、漏击穿电压的提高。测试结果表明,功率SiC MESFET芯片在3.4 GHz频率下脉冲输出功率大于45 W,功率增益8.5 dB,漏极效率40%。测试条件为漏极工作电压48 V,脉宽100μs,占空比10%。     

Electrical properties of metal-diamond-like-nanocomposite (Me-DLN) contacts to 6H SiC

We have fabricated tungsten-diamond-like-nanocomposite (W-DLN) Schottky contacts on n-type and p-type 6H SiC (Si-face). The as-deposited n-type and p-type contacts are rectifying and measurement results suggest that the electrical characteristics are dominated by the properties of the tungsten SiC interface. The n-type contacts have a reverse leakage current density of 4.1 × 10⁻³ Acm⁻² and the p-type contacts have a reverse leakage current density of 1.4 × 10⁻⁷ Acm⁻² at −10 V. The n-type contacts have an current-voltage (I-V) extracted effective ϕ_Bn of 0.7 eV with an ideality factor of 1.2 and a capacitance-voltage (C-V) extracted ϕ_Bn of 1.2 e V. The p-type contacts have an I-V extracted effective ϕ_Bp of 1.8 eV with an ideality factor of 1.7. Non-ideal I-V and C-V characteristics may be due to surface damage during W-DLN deposition.     

Ab initio calculation of the SiC (100) surfaces phonon dispersion

In this work, we have calculated ab initio the vibrational modes and the phonon frequencies for the SiC (100) surfaces. Our results are in good agreement with the available experimental data whenever this comparison is possible: in fact, most of our obtained results are predictions. For the accepted models of the C-terminated surfaces in the c(2×2) reconstruction, while in the bridge-dimer model there is an acetylene-like vibrational A₁ mode at 2031 cm⁻¹, which is infrared active, in the staggered-dimer model, there is a Füchs-Kliewer (FK) mode at 1328 cm⁻¹, which is experimentally detected. For Si-terminated surfaces in the (2×1) reconstruction, instead, no FK was obtained, in contradiction with the HREELS experimental results for the Si-terminated surfaces, but it is in consonance with the fact that this surface should be described by a (3×2) or more complex reconstruction patterns.     

Electronic Structure of SiN Layers on Si(111) and SiC/Si(111) Substrates

Semiconductors - Ultrathin epitaxial silicon nitride films were formed on different Si(111) and SiC/Si(111) substrates by nitridation with plasma-activated nitrogen. Photoemission studies of the...     

石墨烯的SiC外延生长及应用(续)

正3.3 X射线光电子能谱XPS能谱分析的基本原理:一定能量的X光照射到样品表面和待测物质发生作用,可以使待测物质原子中的电子脱离原子成为自由电子。通过接收并测量这些光电子的能量,得到原子或分子内部各轨道的结合能,从而就可以了解样品中元素的组成。图8所示为样品的XPS能谱图,图中各峰值