成核剂对聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4羟基丁酸酯)性能的影响

分别以氮化硼(BN)、BRUGGOLENP250、CaCO3和Tm-3为成核剂,用熔融模压法制备了聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4羟基丁酸酯)[P(3HB-co-4HB)]样品,借用偏光显微镜(POM)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)和扫描电镜(SEM)等考察了成核剂种类及用量对P(3HB-co-4HB)结晶形态、熔点、热分解温度、力学性能及断面形态的影响。结果表明,各种成核剂均能有效细化P(3HB-co-4HB)的球晶尺寸,提高其熔点及热分解温度;当成核剂BN的质量分数为5‰~8‰时,P(3HB-co-4HB)的综合性能最好。     

扩链改性对聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)性能的影响

以多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯(PAPI)为扩链剂,采用熔融共混法扩链改性聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)[P(3HB-co-4HB)]。使用凝胶渗透色谱、热失重分析仪、电子拉力机、毛细管流变仪、旋转流变仪等研究了PAPI添加量对P(3HB-co-4HB)的相对分子质量、热稳定性、力学性能以及流变性能的影响。结果表明,PAPI的使用能够提高P(3HB-co-4HB)的相对分子质量和熔体黏度,并能有效改善P(3HB-co-4HB)的热稳定性和力学性能,成功实现了对P(3HB-co-4HB)的扩链改性。PAPI的添加量为2.0phr时,体系综合性能最佳,其起始分解温度和最大分解温度分别比纯P(3HB-co-4HB)提高了16.7℃和11.4℃,其拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别比纯P(3HB-co-4HB)提高了21%和218%。     

扩链改性对聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

以多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯(PAPI)为扩链剂,采用熔融共混法扩链改性聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)[P(3HB-co-4HB)]。使用凝胶渗透色谱、热失重分析仪、电子拉力机、毛细管流变仪、旋转流变仪等研究了PAPI添加量对P(3HB-co-4HB)的相对分子质量、热稳定性、力学性能以及流变性能的影响。结果表明,PAPI的使用能够提高P(3HB-co-4HB)的相对分子质量和熔体黏度,并能有效改善P(3HB-co-4HB)的热稳定性和力学性能,成功实现了对P(3HB-co-4HB)的扩链改性。PAPI的添加量为2.0phr时,体系综合性能最佳,其起始分解温度和最大分解温度分别比纯P(3HB-co-4HB)提高了16.7℃和11.4℃,其拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别比纯P(3HB-co-4HB)提高了21%和218%。     

聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)/二氧化钛纤维的成纤性能

用不同含量的二氧化钛(TiO2)改性聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)[P(3HB-co-4HB)],并进行了纺丝研究。采用毛细管流变仪、热重分析仪、单丝强力仪测试了P(3HB-co-4HB)/TiO2复合材料的流变性能、热性能、单丝力学性能和回弹性。实验结果表明,P(3HB-co-4HB)和P(3HB-co-4HB)/TiO2为假塑性流体,TiO2可以有效改善材料的加工流动性;提高材料的热稳定性;TiO2的加入使纤维的断裂强度降低;但纤维的弹性恢复率可达100%,退绕性有所改善。     

聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)/酶解木质素共混材料的制备及性能

双螺杆熔融共混制备了全生物降解的聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)(P3HB4HB)/纤维素酶解木质素(CEL)共混物,分别用热重分析、拉伸弯曲试验、冲击试验、扫描电镜(SEM)考察了CEL含量对共混物热学、力学性能及微观形貌的影响。研究发现,CEL的加入增强了材料的热稳定性,也提高了材料的模量,但断裂伸长率、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度平缓降低,当CEL的质量分数为20%CEL,拉伸、弯曲、冲击三种强度的保持率都大于93%;SEM显示,P3HB4HB和CEL相容很好。CEL填充P3HB4HB不仅能降低材料成本,还能对材料的热学、力学性能保持较好或起改善作用,CEL最宜添加的质量分数为20%。     

聚丁二酸丁二酯/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)/纳米高岭土熔融共混力学性能、流变及降解行为研究

用熔融共混挤出法制备的聚丁二酸丁二酯(PBS)/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)[poly(3HB-co-4HB)]/纳米高岭土(nano Kaolin)复合降解材料;利用万能拉力机、旋转流变仪和SEM对其力学性能、流变行为、微观结构及降解性能进行研究。结果表明,PBS/poly(3HB-co-4HB)/nano Kaolin(100/10/8)复合降解材料的缺口冲击强度、断裂伸长率达到最大,此后随着nano Kaolin质量百分比增加,而呈下降趋势;在室外自然条件下,经过土埋一段时间后的降解实验,PBS/poly(3HB-co-4HB)/nano Kaolin(100/10/12)复合材料发生了明显的降解,复合降解材料的失重率也已经降到64%左右,说明材料的降解性能较好;纳米复合降解材料熔融剪切储能模量(G′),剪切损耗模量(G″)随着频率的增大呈单增趋势。     

SiO2/聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯）薄膜研究

目的研究纳米SiO2对可生物降解聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)(P34HB)包装膜结晶行为和力学性能的影响。方法采用溶液浇铸法制备SiO_2/P34HB纳米复合薄膜,利用红外光谱仪(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、正置热台显微镜(POM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和万能力学试验机等研究纳米SiO_2对P34HB结构、结晶性和力学性能等的影响。结果纳米SiO_2在P34HB中起到异相成核的作用,SiO2/P34HB复合膜的结晶速率和结晶度得到明显改善。相比P34HB包装膜,当纳米SiO_2质量分数为2%时,SiO_2/P34HB复合膜的弹性模量和拉伸强度分别提高了72.7%和60.9%。结论获得了纳米SiO2改善可生物降解聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)包装膜结晶度和力学性能的最佳掺杂比例参数。     

改性纳米二氧化硅/聚己内酯/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)的结构与性能研究

利用异丙基三(二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯偶联剂改性纳米二氧化硅,采用熔融共混挤出法制备聚己内酯(PCL)/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)(P(3HB-co-4HB))/改性纳米二氧化硅(nano-SiO2)复合降解材料;利用红外光谱(FIIR)、万能拉力机、扫描电镜(SEM)、动态力学分析仪(DMA)等研究了改性nano-SiO2对复合材料的表面结构、力学性能等性能的影响。结果表明:改性nano-SiO2含量为4%时,复合降解材料的力学性能有明显的改善;少量添加的改性nano-SiO2可以均匀分散在PCL/P(3HB-co-4HB)基体树脂中,但当加入量过大时,容易发生团聚现象。     

聚丁二酸丁二醇酯/聚羟基烷酸酯熔融共混物的结晶及流变力学行为

用熔融共混法制备聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-4-羟基丁酸酯)[Poly(3HB-co-4HB)]复合降解材料,利用差示扫描量热(DSC)、旋转流变仪及万能拉力机对其结晶、流变行为及力学性能进行研究。结果表明,在PBS中加入Poly(3HB-co-4HB)后,发现结晶起始温度(To,c)、结晶峰温度(Tp,c)以及结晶结束温度(Te,c)有所提高,结晶度随着Poly(3HB-co-4HB)的增加呈先增大后下降的趋势;PBS/Poly(3HB-co-4HB)复合降解材料随着Poly(3HB-co-4HB)添加量的增大,断裂伸长率和拉伸强度却呈下降趋势;同时剪切储能模量(G′)、剪切损耗模量(G″)呈现出单增趋势。因此,在复合降解材料中添加适量的Poly(3HB-co-4HB)能改善PBS的结晶、流变及力学行为。     

纳米氧化锌的改性及其对生物高分子P(3HB-co-4HB)的增韧增强作用

为提高生物高分子聚(3羟基丁酸脂-co-4羟基丁酸脂)[P(3HB-co-4HB)]的韧性和刚性,细化球晶尺寸,通过熔融共混法制备了以P(3HB-co-4HB)为原料、钛酸酯偶联剂(TMC-980)改性纳米氧化锌(nano-ZnO)为增强剂的P(3HB-co-4HB)/nano-ZnO复合材料。采用动态接触角测量仪、激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、偏光显微镜(POM)和电子万能试验机等分别研究nano-ZnO的表面改性效果、改性nano-ZnO对复合材料力学性能、冲击断面形貌和结晶形貌的影响。结果表明,改性nano-ZnO的粒径从5.19×104 nm降至1.56×102 nm;水接触角从7°提高到58°。改性nano-ZnO质量分数为1%~1.5%时,P(3HB-co-4HB)/nano-ZnO复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别较纯P(3HB-co-4HB)提高30.2%,11.2%和67.6%。改性nano-ZnO可作为成核剂有效减小复合材料的球晶尺寸,使其断面形貌呈现典型韧性断裂特征。     

POSS/聚丙烯腈星型纳米复合物的制备及热性能

通过自由基聚合的方法,将八乙烯基多面笼形低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)与丙烯腈(AN)共聚合得到不同POSS含量的AN与POSS的共聚物(PAN-POSS)。采用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、硅核磁共振(~(29)Si-NMR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热失重分析(TGA)和差示扫描量热(DSC)对PAN-POSS共聚物结构和性能进行了表征。研究结果表明,POSS笼形结构以化学键合的方式分子水平上均匀地分散在杂化聚合物中,形成了星型结构POSS/聚丙烯腈纳米复合物,复合物中POSS的含量随着反应单体中POSS配比的增加而增加,复合物的热性能随POSS含量增加明显提高。     

新型纳米结构颗粒增强无铅复合钎料性能

为了解决传统复合钎料制备中强化颗粒容易粗化的问题,提高无铅复合钎料的性能,选用共晶Sn-3.5Ag、Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu钎料作为基体,3种不同类型具有纳米结构的有机-无机笼型硅氧烷齐聚物(POSS) 颗粒作为增强相而制成复合钎料。研究了复合钎料的铺展性能、钎焊接头的力学性能和抗蠕变性能。结果表明,复合钎料的润湿性能均优于基体钎料的润湿性能,复合钎料钎焊接头的剪切强度和蠕变断裂寿命均明显提高。在相同条件下,Sn-Ag-Cu基复合钎料钎焊接头的性能优于Sn-Ag基复合钎料钎焊接头。      

The influence of organic substituents of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane on the properties of epoxy-based hybrid nanomaterials

Organic–inorganic hybrid materials were synthesized by the reaction between a classical epoxy resin (Diglycidylether of bisphenol A-DGEBA) and some polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) compounds which include different organic radicals. The effect of POSS type and concentration on the properties of hybrids was studied using different methods like Raman Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Thermogravimetrical Analysis (TGA). The presence of POSS substituted with eight epoxy-based substituents leads to an increase of DGEBA reactivity in the first stage of the reaction. The DMA results showed that the glass transition temperature of hybrid materials with POSS decreases even at high POSS concentration and regardless of POSS type because the systems do not reach a 100% conversion.     

Morphological, viscoelastic and thermal properties of poly(vinylidene Fluoride)/POSS nanocomposites

Nanocomposites of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane were prepared through melt blending. Morphology, viscoelastic and thermal properties were investigated. Up to 1 wt.% the processing conditions were efficient to prevent formation of large POSS agglomerates. In the nanocomposites with higher POSS contents these conditions could not avoid it, because of the strong interaction among POSS molecules. The presence of two different crystalline phases in nanocomposite was evidenced by X-ray diffraction and Fourier Transformed Infra-Red Spectroscopy. The nanocomposite with 5 wt.% content had the highest values for degree of cristallinity. The polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane molecules are acting as lubricant in the system, once lower values for storage modulus as well as for viscosity were observed.     

笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)合成的研究进展

笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)是一类引人注目的新型纳米材料。POSS独特的有机无机杂化结构赋予其许多优异的性能,如高的耐热性、力学性能、良好的介电性能及光学性能等,展示出广泛的应用前景。文中首先介绍了POSS的结构和性能特点,然后详细综述了笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)合成方面的研究进展,将笼型倍半硅氧烷的合成方法分成三官能团硅烷的水解缩聚反应法、顶端-带帽法、硅氢化反应法、侧基转化法和POSS的结构重排法等5种合成方法。     

Effect of POSS content on the electrical,thermal, mechanical,and wetting properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/POSS nanofibrous mats

Although polyacrylonitrile (PAN) has excellent properties as a precursor of carbon fibre, octa-amic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles which are hybrid organic–inorganic materials can be incorporated into PAN to tune up the properties such as the mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and electronic conductivity for a broad range of potential applications. In this work, PAN with POSS of 1, 3, and 5 wt % based on acrylonitrile weight was prepared by solution polymerisation. The synthesised product was dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide, followed by electrospinning. After electrospinning, the nanofibrous mats were stabilised at 250 °C for 1 h. The diameter of resulting PAN/POSS nanofibrous mats were less than 1 μm, as confirmed by SEM analysis. The effect of POSS on PAN/POSS nanofibrous mats was studied by SEM, universal testing machine, contact angle measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. The usefulness of the PAN/POSS nanofibre composites was realised from the improved electrical, thermal, mechanical, and wetting properties compared to pure PAN.     

Molecular dynamics simulation of a novel kind of polymer composite incorporated with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is adopted to investigate the physical properties of a novel dental nano-composite resin with poly-functional polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS). An improved method is proposed to model the cross-link polymer. The quality of the proposed technique is verified by wide X-ray scattering (WXRS) and volume–temperature behavior. The excellent agreement proves the accuracy of the models and the force field. Mechanical properties and volume shrinkage of various POSS weight-percentage resins are predicted, and the results are also compared with available experimental data. Further analysis provides some molecular insight about the effect of POSS on the dental composite resin. The improved method could be employed in further research of new cross-link dental materials with complex structures.     

Thermodynamic interaction and mechanical characteristics of Nylon 6 and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanohybrids

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) reagents have unique hybrid chemical compositions containing nano-sized cage structures with dimensions comparable to those of most polymer segments and coils. This article reports a generalized functionalization scheme of POSS that is suitable as a nanohybrid with Nylon 6. The thermodynamic interaction energy density, thermodynamic solubility parameter, and activation energy of the specific interaction between Nylon 6 and POSS were examined. The mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of the Nylon 6 nanohybrids were also analyzed and compared with the theoretical estimation.     

分子内杂化纳米结构体多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷研究进展

多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)是基于化学键合作用形成的分子内杂化体系,其改性后的材料是一类具有广泛潜在应用价值的新型有机-无机杂化材料。文中介绍了多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷单体的结构、性能、单体及其衍生物的合成,以及其改性聚合物材料在航空、航天、卫生、电子等高科技领域内的应用前景。针对国内的研究现状,指出低聚倍半硅氧烷-聚合物杂化体系研究所存在的问题。     

苯基-低聚倍半硅氧烷和氨基-低聚倍半硅氧烷对左旋聚乳酸结晶行为及热稳定性的影响

以二氯甲烷为溶剂,将不同相对分子质量的左旋聚乳酸（PLLA）与笼型多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷（POSS）进行溶液共混制备POSS/PLLA复合材料。并通过热台偏光显微镜（POM）、DSC、XRD和TGA对POSS/PLLA复合材料和PLLA的结晶形貌、结晶性能和热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明：POSS/PLLA复合材料的结晶温度升高到110℃左右,结晶能力提高;初始热分解温度和终止热分解温度均增大,最大热分解速率对应的温度在373~379℃之间,热稳定性提高。另外,当POSS含量较低时,成核作用占主导地位;而POSS含量较高时,POSS对PLLA分子链运动的阻碍作用逐渐增强。且POSS的阻碍作用对相对分子质量高的PLLA更明显。观察POSS/PLLA复合材料和PLLA的等温结晶形貌,可以看出明显的十字消光现象和环带球晶形貌,另外,球晶在降温过程中会产生裂纹,这与PLLA的脆性有关。