PVC/CPE/CaCO_3复合材料的力学性能

以聚氯乙烯（PVC）为基体,采用熔融共混法制备了PVC/氯化聚乙烯（CPE）合金和PVC/CPE（12 phr）/碳酸钙（CaCO3）三元复合材料,考察了CaCO3表面改性及改性剂含量对复合材料拉伸与冲击力学性能的影响。结果表明,填充CaCO3会降低复合材料拉伸屈服强度与冲击韧性。对微米CaCO3进行表面改性,可有效限...     

改性纳米碱式氯化镁晶须填充ABS/PP复合材料的力学性能

本文通过熔融共混法在接枝了PMMA的碱式氯化镁（g-BMC）表面包覆TPE橡胶层,制得BMC母料,再将其与PP、ABS共混复合制备出ABS/PP复合材料,分别考察了BMC母料、g-BMC以及PP三者不同添加量对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,在试验用量范围内,BMC/ABS复合材料的冲击强度和熔融指数随着BMC填料含量的增加而增大。当BMC母料含量为15%,g-BMC含量为55%时具有较好的冲击性能;当PP含量为9%-10%时,BMC/PP/ABS复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度最好;BMC填料含量对复合材料的拉伸强度影响较小,但随其用量增加复合材料的冲击强度有明显提高。     

纳米CaCO3复合微粒增韧增强PC/ABS合金

经甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸丁酯双单体聚合包覆的纳米碳酸钙形成了核壳结构增韧复合微粒。在双螺杆挤出机中采用二次挤出法制备出PC/ABS/纳米碳酸钙复合材料。研究纳米碳酸钙复合微粒对PC/ABS合金力学性能的影响表明:添加适量纳米CaCO3复合微粒,PC/ABS合金的缺口冲击强度和拉伸强度都得到提高。纳米CaCO3复合微粒具有无机纳米颗粒和弹性体双重协同增韧的作用,其表面的聚合物分子链与基体树脂起到嵌段增容作用。     

炭黑对苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物/聚己内酯复合材料流变、力学及电学性能的影响

以苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物/聚己内酯(SAN/PCL)复合材料为基体,导电炭黑(CB)为填料,采用熔融共混的方法制备了SAN/PCL/CB纳米复合材料.考察了CB含量对SAN/PCL/CB纳米复合材料流变特性、力学性能、电学性能和微观形貌的影响.结果表明,CB的加入能够诱导体系发生相分离,随着CB含量的增加,SAN/PCL...     

γ射线辐照对PA6/PTFE合金吸水与力学性能的影响

为了探讨辐照对尼龙6(PA6)基共混材料吸水性能和力学性能的影响,制备了PA6和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)共混合金并在室温下进行不同剂量的60Coγ射线辐照.通过吸水率测试、准静态拉伸和弯曲实验以及缺口冲击测试,研究了辐照对PA6/PTFE共混体系吸水性能以及吸收水和辐照剂量对共混合金动静态力学性能的影响.结果表明,辐照过程引发交联反应,共混合金的拉伸强度、拉伸模量和弯曲模量均随辐照剂量的增大而增大,而缺口冲击强度和吸水率则随之减小.吸收水对共混合金缺口冲击强度的影响与合金组分有关.PTFE含量较低时,吸收水抑制PTFE对合金冲击强度的减弱作用;当PTFE的质量分数大于7%时,吸收水反而加剧PTFE对材料冲击强度的减弱效应.此外,PA6/PTFE合金的吸水率随PTFE含量的增加而降低,而弯曲模量则先增后减.     

纳米CaCO3改性HDPE复合材料的性能研究

利用熔融共混法制备HDPE/纳米CaCO3复合材料,研究了纳米CaCO3含量对HDPE基体性能的影响。实验结果表明:加入纳米CaCO3后,HDPE基体的力学性能得到提高。其中,随着纳米CaCO3含量增加,复合材料拉伸强度提高,冲击强度、断裂伸长率有所下降。当加入含量为4%时复合材料具有较好的综合力学性能。此后随着纳米Ca-CO3含量的继续增加复合材料性能降低。同时加入纳米CaCO3后,复合材料的结晶起始温度提高,结晶峰变窄,熔融热晗增大,结晶度提高。     

无机填料对木粉/高密度聚乙烯复合材料性能的影响

目的考察无机填料的种类、粒径以及添加量对PF/HDPE复合材料力学性能和热稳定性的影响。方法以杨木纤维(PF)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、BaSO4、CaCO3、云母粉为原料,采用熔融共混和注塑成型的方法制备PF/HDPE复合材料,进行力学、热重、扫描电镜测试分析。结果3种无机填料均改善了PF/HDPE复合材料力学及热稳定性能,填充CaCO3获得的复合材料性能优于填充BaSO4、云母粉获得的复合材料,并且随着填料颗粒粒径的减少,改善效果增强。填料的添加量需要保持在一定范围内,添加量过低或过高均会造成性能下降。结论添加CaCO3(质量分数为9%,3000目)制备的PF/HDPE复合材料具有最佳的力学及热稳定性。     

SEBS-g-MAH增容PS/PC体系的结构与力学性能

研究了不同配比的聚苯乙烯/聚碳酸酯(PS/PC)共混体系的结构与力学性能及彼此之间的关系,讨论了增容剂氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(SEBS-g-MAH)对共混物相容性及力学性能的影响。差示扫描量热分析表明,PS/PC表现出2个玻璃化转变温度(Tg),而PS/PC/SEBS-g-MAH则只有1个Tg。扫描电镜的分析结果表明,PS为连续相,PC为分散相,而且SEBS-g-MAH的加入使PS与PC的界面变得模糊。可见增容剂对共混体系具有明显的增容作用。共混物的冲击强度在PC用量大于30 phr时明显提高,拉伸强度和冲击强度在低PC含量时较纯PS有一定程度的下降,但随PC含量增加又逐渐提高;增容共混物的力学性能比未增容的有较大提高;当PC用量约40 phr时共混物具有最好的综合性能。     

丙烯腈含量对PVC/ASA共混物结构与性能的影响

采用种子乳液聚合技术在聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)上接枝共聚单体苯乙烯(St)和丙烯腈(AN),分别合成了橡胶含量为30%的一系列不同丙烯腈含量的ASA共聚物,将其与聚氯乙烯(PVC)熔融共混,形成PVC/ASA共混物,考察不同AN含量对PVC/ASA结构与性能的影响。结果发现,随着AN含量的增加,PVC/ASA的冲击强度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当AN含量为37%时,冲击强度达到最大值。而拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随着AN含量的增加而增大。形态结构研究结果表明尽管改变AN含量,PVC/ASA均为不相容体系,这与动态力学性能及力学性能的结果相一致。     

聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯/丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物共混合金的加工与力学性能

聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯/丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物(PTT/ASA)共混合金的力学性能与加工条件密切相关。采用注塑成型的方法,通过改变模具温度和保压时间,利用差示扫描量热仪、万能材料试验机和冲击试验机研究了PTT/ASA共混合金材料的结晶性能和力学性能,讨论了注塑参数的变化对共混合金性能的影响。研究表明,升高模具温度可以提高共混合金的结晶度,并且较高的模具温度有利于提高共混合金的冲击强度和拉伸强度。保压时间延长,结晶度增大,拉伸强度逐渐增大。     

Effect of core–shell structured modifier ACR on ASA/SAN/ACR ternary blends

In this study, acrylonitrile–styrene–acrylic terpolymer/styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer/acrylic resin (ASA/SAN/ACR) ternary blends with different compositions were prepared by melting blending. Properties of the ternary blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, heat distortion temperature (HDT), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, melt flow rate (MFR), mechanical properties, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The blends showed two T _gs at about −48 and 109 °C. FTIR analyses showed no strong interactions between the characteristic groups existed in the prepared blends. No obvious phase separation observed in SEM images indicated good compatibility in the blend system. With respect to mechanical properties and processability, the addition of ACR not only led to the improvement of impact strength and elongation at break, but also the decline of tensile strength, flexural properties, hardness, and MFR. Furthermore, heat resistance of ASA/SAN (70/30) binary blends decreased with the addition of ACR, but the HDT of ASA/SAN (30/70) almost remain unchanged.     

硅-磷复配阻燃剂对聚碳酸酯/ASA复合材料阻燃性能及动态力学性能的影响

利用熔融共混法制备多聚芳基磷酸（BDPB）-倍半硅氧烷（SPH）-聚碳酸酯（PC）/丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯的三元共聚物（ASA）、BDPB-有机蒙脱土（OMMT）-PC/ASA两种阻燃增强复合材料。通过XRD、TG、极限氧指数（LOI）、SEM、XPS、DMA等对所制备BDPB-SPH-PC/ASA、BDPB-OMMT-PC/ASA两种复合材料的微观结构、燃烧性能及动态力学性能进行表征。结果表明：BDPB-SPH和BDPB-OMMT两种复配阻燃体系对PC/ASA复合材料都具有优异的阻燃协同作用,BDPB-SPH-PC/ASA和BDPB-OMMT-PC/ASA复合材料的燃烧等级（UL-94）都可以达到V-0级别,LOI分别达到30.4%和31.2%,同时残炭量分别增加至12.43%和14.24%。随着复配阻燃剂BDPB-SPH和BDPB-OMMT的加入,增强后的PC/ASA复合材料的残余炭层结构更加致密与紧凑,燃烧过程中阻燃剂BDPB、SPH和OMMT会迁徙到PC/ASA材料的表面,形成更稳定的保护层,从而提高PC/ASA复合材料阻燃性能。DMA结果表明,BDPB-SPH和BDPB-OMMT两种阻燃体系的加入都会降低PC/ASA复合材料的玻璃化转变温度（T_g）,且在到达T_g前可明显提高阻燃复合材料的储能模量。     

Morphology and mechanical properties of bisphenol A polycarbonate/poly (styrene-co-acrylonitrile) blends based clay nanocomposites

Two organic modified clays (Cloisite®30B (CL30B) and PCL/Cloisite®30B masterbatch (MB30B)) were used to improve the mechanical properties of polycarbonate (PC)/poly (styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) blends. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of the melt blended nanocomposites revealed that partially exfoliated and partially degraded structure was obtained and the clay platelets were located mostly in the SAN phase and at the two-phase boundary. Dispersion of the clay platelets is better when MB30B were used. The mechanical properties of the clays filled nanocomposites vary accordingly and when MB30B is used better mechanical properties can be achieved. Tensile strength increases 41% at maximum as the CL30B loading is 5 wt.%, while elongation at break decreases dramatically. Impact strength can be improved up to 430% compared to the pure blend when 1 wt.% MB30B was used.     

PC/CF共混体系的加工流变性能与力学性能

利用微量双螺杆挤出机(Hakke MiniLabⅡ,Rheomex CTW5),通过熔融共混挤出注塑的方法,在聚碳酸酯(PC)中添加炭纤维(CF)进行复合增强。实验对共混物加工过程中的流变行为进行了分析,研究了炭纤维含量对复合材料力学性能的影响,探讨了其黏度与力学性能变化的机理,由扫描电子显微镜观测拉伸及冲击破坏的试样断面形态。结果表明,当CF质量分数为2%时,复合材料非牛顿指数n值最小,假塑性最强,易于加工;同时,复合材料的综合力学性能也最为优异。扫描电镜照片显示,拉伸破坏的主要方式为界面脱胶,而冲击破坏的主要方式为纤维断裂。     

Tuning the localization of functionalized MWCNTs in SAN/PC blends by a reactive component

The influence of the reactive component (N-phenylmaleimide styrene maleic anhydride) on the blend morphology, the localization of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and the electrical resistivity of MWCNT filled blend systems of polycarbonate (PC) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) was investigated. SAN, PC, amino-functionalized MWCNTs (Nanocyl™ NC3152) and the reactive component (RC) were melt mixed in a DSM Xplore microcompounder using different mixing sequences. The RC containing maleic anhydride (MA) groups is miscible with SAN and is assumed to act as linking agent to the functionalized MWCNTs.The morphology of the SAN/PC blends was studied depending on the concentration of the RC. Thereby co-continuous morphologies were found for all blends with 40 wt.% SAN and 60 wt.% PC. In all nonmodified blends the MWCNTs were localized within the PC phase. After the addition of RC the MWCNTs migrated completely into the miscible SAN–RC phase. Consequently, the electrical resistivities of the blends changed in dependence on the localization. Whereas the SAN/PC/MWCNT blends showed low electrical resistivity values, much higher values were found for SAN–RC/PC/MWCNT blends. This was assigned to a coupling or strong interaction of MA groups to the nanotubes disturbing electrical contacts and percolation between them. The occurrence of the MWCNT migration from PC towards SAN was found to be dependent on the concentrations of RC and MWCNTs. By adapting that ratio and the mixing strategy, the localization of the carbon nanotubes in the blend phases can be tuned. The investigations indicated that MWCNTs once coupled with the RC remain in the SAN–RC phase. Thus, a chemical reaction or strong interactions seem to be the driving forces for localization of the MWCNTs in the SAN–RC blend phase.     

Miscibility and synergistic effect of impact strength in polycarbonate/ABS blends

Miscibility and mechanical properties of polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PC/ABS) blends prepared by a continuous kneader-type extruder were investigated. It was found that the PC/ABS blend consists of the miscible PC/SAN phases and immiscible PC/PB phases, which agrees well with that predicted by the group contribution method of solubility parameters. Differences in calculated solubility parameter () are 0.20 (cal cm^–3)^1/2 for the PC/SAN pair and 1.85 (cal cm^–3)^1/2 for the PC/PB pair. Interestingly, the impact strength of the present PC/ABS blends exhibits a synergistic effect over a much wider range of polycarbonate content, i.e. 20%–80%, than that of the previously reported ones. This may be attributed to the enhanced mixing and low butadiene content. However, further work on the relationship with the rubber particle size is required to understand fully this observation.     

氯化聚乙烯在EVA/SAN体系中的增容研究

采用氯化聚乙烯作为乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物／苯乙烯丙烯腈共聚物共混体系的增容剂,用力学性能,电镜等方法研究了ＥＶＡ／ＣＰＥ／ＳＡＮ三元体系的相容性。结果表明,由于ＣＰＥ与ＥＶＡ,ＳＡＮ均有一定程度的相互作用,在ＥＶＡ／ＣＰＥ／ＳＡＮ三元体系中ＣＰＥ存在于ＥＶＡ,ＳＡＮ的界面以减小总的界面能而起了增容作用,从而使该三元体系具有良好的综合力学性能。     

聚碳酸酯/尼龙6共混体系力学性能的研究

探讨了不同增容剂对PC／PA共混体系的影响，研究结果表明：苯乙烯－马来酸酐共聚物（SMA）对PC／PA共混体系有一定增容作用，加入少量SMA后，共混物的力学性能有所提高；自制增容剂B与SMA协同使用对PC／PA共混体系有较好增容作用，协同增容后共混物的冲击强度大幅度提高，同时共混物仍保持较高的拉伸强度和弯曲强度。     

Morphology, dynamic mechanical and thermal studies on poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) modified epoxy resin/glass fibre composites

Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) was used to modify diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) type epoxy resin cured with diamino diphenyl sulfone (DDS) and the modified epoxy resin was used as the matrix for fibre reinforced composites (FRPs) in order to get improved mechanical and thermal properties. E-glass fibre was used as the fibre reinforcement. The morphology, dynamic mechanical and thermal characteristics of the systems were analyzed. Morphological analysis revealed heterogeneous dispersed morphology. There was good adhesion between the matrix polymer and the glass fibre. The dynamic moduli, mechanical loss and damping behaviour as a function of temperature of the systems were studied using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). DMA studies showed that DDS cured epoxy resin/SAN/glass fibre composite systems have two T_gs corresponding to epoxy rich and SAN rich phases. The effect of thermoplastic modification and fibre loading on the dynamic mechanical properties of the composites were also analyzed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the superior thermal stability of composite system.