连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料概述

八十年代以来 ,连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料以其优异的性能特别是高韧性 ,得到世界各国的极大关注和高度重视 ,并取得令人瞩目的发展。纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料已开始在航空、航天、国防等领域得到应用。本文从复合材料的增韧机制、制备方法、界面特性和界面改性以及应用等方面综述了国内外有关连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的研究现状     

晶须增韧陶瓷基复合材料的进展

综述了陶瓷材料的增韧补强机理,讨论了晶须增韧陶瓷基复合材料的研究进展,并提出了今后尚需进一步深入研究的课题。     

连续纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料可持续发展战略探讨

连续纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料(CMC)是航空航天等高科技领域发展不可缺少的材料。其中, 连续纤维增韧碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料(CMC-SiC)是研究最多、 应用最成功的一种。本文作者以CMC-SiC为例, 介绍了该材料的战略需求与应用领域, 详细分析了国内外的应用研究现状及发展趋势, 并对我国陶瓷基复合材料面临的机遇与挑战, 以及发展战略进行了探讨。      

连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料概述

八十年代以来，连续纤维增强陶瓷基得合材料以其优异的性能特别是高韧性，得到世界各国的极大关注和高度重视，并取得令人瞩目的发展。纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料已开始在航空、航天、国防等领域得到应用。本文从复合材料的增韧机制、制备方法、界面特性和界面改性以及应用等方面综述了国内外有关连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的研究现状。     

连续纤维增强SiC复合材料制备工艺与性能研究进展

综述了国内外碳纤维与碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅复合材料的制备工艺与性能的研究进展,并介绍了其氧化性能及防护措施.认为连续纤维增强SiC复合材料的制备工艺复杂,成本较高,生产周期长,但是如果采用连接技术制备成陶瓷/金属复合构件使用,既有利于降低成本,又能够扩大该先进陶瓷基复合材料的应用范围.目前,国内对连续纤维增强的SiC复合材料与金属(如高温合金等)的连接技术研究较少.     

增韧陶瓷的显微结构设计

根据能量散耗特征,本文将陶瓷材料的增韧机制分为两大类——作用区增韧和桥联增韧。讨论了分别包含这两类增韧机制的二个典型复合材料——相变增韧陶瓷和晶须补强陶瓷复合材料的显微结构设计要点。分析了晶须补强与相变增韧机制间的交互作用,引出了利用多种增韧机制制备高韧性陶瓷复合材料的设计思想。     

碳化硼陶瓷增韧补强和致密化研究现状及其展望

碳化硼陶瓷具有极高的硬度,然而其低韧性、低抗弯强度、难以致密化限制了它的广泛应用.已有一些研究集中于碳化硼陶瓷增韧补强和致密化,对这一方面国内外研究进展进行了归纳与评述,阐明各种增韧补强和致密化方法的优缺点,提出碳化硼陶瓷增韧补强和致密化研究值得发展的一些方向.     

晶须增韧陶瓷复合材料

综述了晶须增韧陶瓷复合材料的制备方法和分类;讨论了影响增韧效果的各种因素及对陶瓷材料力学性能、抗热震性和耐磨性等方面的影响;并将近年来有关晶须增韧陶瓷基复合材料机理方面的研究进展,晶须在陶瓷材料中的应用及今后的发展趋势等作以介绍.     

连续纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料的连接方法

连续纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料(CMCs)在高温领域具有广阔的应用前景,但是由于其编织工艺的限制,难以制备十分精密和复杂的构件,而要使纤维增韧CMCs得到广泛的应用,必须解决复合材料与金属合金系列材料的连接问题.因而连接是CMCs走向工程应用需要解决的关键课题之一.综述了CMCs的连接现状,重点介绍了几种有效的连接CMCs的方法:钎焊、局部过渡液相连接、无压固相反应连接、聚合物分解连接、ARCJoinT、在线液相渗透连接等.     

A12O3陶瓷复合材料的研究进展

介绍了Al2O3陶瓷增韧技术和A12O3陶瓷增强金属基复合材料的研究进展,指出复合增韧是未来A12O3认陶瓷增韧技术的发展方向;金属表面自生Al2O3防护层技术是提高金属耐蚀性,降低成本的有效方法;三维网络Al2O3陶瓷/金属复合材料具有更优良的力学性能;仿生设计和计算机模拟技术是开发新型网络Al2O3陶瓷骨架的重要手段.     

SiCf/SiC陶瓷复合材料的研究进展

SiCf/SiC陶瓷复合材料具有良好的力学性能、高温抗氧化性和化学稳定性，是航空航天和原子能等领域理想的新一代高温结构材料。本文概述了增强体SiCt的发展状况及存在的问题，对SiCt/SiC材料的制备工艺、界面相的研究状态、材料的损伤破坏机理和目前的应用研究进展做了综述，并分析了SiCf/SiC陶瓷复合材料的研究重点和发展前景。     

连续纤维增强SiCf/SiC陶瓷复合材料的发展

连续纤维增强SiCf／SiC陶瓷基复合材料具有良好的高温力学性能、抗氧化性和化学稳定性，是航空航天和核能等领域新的高温结构材料研究的热点之一。回顾了增强体连续SiC纤维的发展，综述了SiCf／SiC材料的成型制备工艺、界面相对力学性能的影响和目前的应用研究，展望了连续纤维增强SiCf／SiC陶瓷基复合材料以后的研究重点及发展前景。     

Mechanical properties of a zircon matrix composite reinforced with silicon carbide whiskers and filaments

The influence of a silicon carbide whisker reinforcement on room temperature mechanical properties of a monolithic zircon ceramic and zircon composites uniaxially reinforced with silicon carbide monofilaments was studied in a flexure mode. The strength of a monolithic zircon was increased by the addition of whisker reinforcement, but the composite failure was still brittle in nature. In contrast, zircon composites reinforced with SiC whiskers and filaments showed toughened composite-like behaviour and produced higher first matrix cracking strength and toughness than the composites reinforced with only SiC filaments. In addition, the whisker reinforcement had insignificant influence on the ultimate strength of filament-reinforced composites. These results were related to changes in measured fibre-matrix interfacial properties, which indicated that composites with high first matrix cracking strength and toughness can be designed and fabricated via independently tailoring the matrix and the fibre-matrix interfacial properties.     

碳化硅颗粒增强Al基复合材料的新型制备工艺

综述了碳化硅增强铝基复合材料的几种主要制备工艺,重点阐述了高能超声半固态复合法制备SiCp/Al复合材料.首先用渗流法制备SiC体积分数高的SiCp/Al预制块,进行SiC预分散,然后将预制块加入处于半固态温度条件下的铝合金熔体中,最后导入超声波进行搅拌.此法很好地改善了增强颗粒与基体之间的润湿性,使SiC在基体中均匀...     

Polymer derived ceramic matrix composites

Preceramic polymers offer a unique method to fabricate ceramic matrix composites (CMC). Relatively large and complex shapes were fabricated using a polysilazane polymer and silicon carbide based reinforcements of CG Nicalon™ and HI-nicalon™ fibers. This paper summarizes a raw material system and the fabrication process used to prepare two-dimensional cloth reinforced composites. Typical tensile, shear and compressive properties of CMCs prepared with the two types of reinforcements are presented. Although CG Nicalon reinforced composites exhibit good mechanical stability at moderate stress levels at 1100°C, HI-Nicalon reinforced composites show improved creep behavior at 1200°C.     

Erosive wear behaviour of aluminium based composites

Al-MMCs reinforced with short fibres or particles of ceramics such as alumina, titanium diboride and silicon carbide result in composites of high specific strength and stiffness, suitable for advanced engineering applications such as in the aerospace and automotive industries. This paper studies the erosion wear behaviour of Al-based composites reinforced with alumina-fibre and in-situ TiB₂ particles using a water/SiC particles slurry jet. From the results of our experiment, the erosion resistance of reinforced Al-MMCs depends on that of the Al-alloy and the reinforcing ceramics, as well as on the bonding strength between the matrix and ceramic fibres or particles. Some design strategies to enhance the erosion resistance of Al-MMCs reinforced with short fibres and particles have been discussed.     

Positive temperature coefficient of resistance effect in hot-pressed cristobalite-silicon carbide composites

Conductive silicon carbide particles were incorporated into an insulating cristobalite ceramic matrix to produce composite materials with a sizeable positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect. A large drop in resistivity with silicon carbide content at room temperature, or percolation behaviour, was observed. The PTC effect of the composites, which resulted from the thermal expansion of the cristobalite ceramic matrix, was a maximum with five orders of magnitude for the specimen with 25 vol% silicon carbide. The PTC transition temperature of the composites was at 260 °C, which coincided exactly the reversible high-low phase inversion temperature of the cristobalite ceramic matrix.     

Influence of high-temperature exposure on mechanical properties of zircon-silicon carbide composites

Thermal stability of zircon matrix composites uniaxially reinforced with either uncoated or BN-coated silicon carbide monofilaments was determined by measuring mechanical properties and fibre-matrix interfacial characteristics in the as-fabricated state and after annealing treatments between 25 and 1430 °C for times up to 100 h. Composites reinforced with uncoated silicon carbide filaments retained their mechanical properties and fibre-matrix interfacial characteristics up to 1350 °C for 100 h. In contrast, composites reinforced with BN-coated silicon carbide filaments displayed changes in mechanical properties and fibre-matrix interfacial characteristics when annealed beyond 1300 °C for 100 h. Both types of composite displayed a significant reduction in strength and toughness after annealing at 1430 °C for 20 h. These results are consistent with changes in fibre-matrix interfacial properties, and with changes in mechanical characteristics of zircon matrix and silicon carbide filament as a result of the high-temperature annealing treatments.     

Threshold creep behaviour of discontinuous aluminium and aluminium alloy matrix composites: An overview

Several sets of creep data for aluminium and aluminium alloy matrix composites reinforced by silicon carbide particulates, silicon carbide whiskers or alumina short fibres are analysed. It is shown that for this class of discontinuous composites the threshold creep behaviour is inherent. Applying the concept of threshold stress, the true stress exponent of minimum creep strain rate of approximately 5 follows from the analysis even when the matrix solid solution alloy exhibits Alloy Class creep behaviour, for which the value of 3 for the true stress exponent is typical. The creep strain rate in the discontinuous aluminium and aluminium alloy matrix composites is shown to be matrix lattice diffusion controlled. The usually observed high values of the apparent stress exponent of creep strain rate and the high values of the apparent activation energy of creep are then rationalized in terms of the threshold creep behaviour. However, the origin of the threshold stress decreasing with increasing temperature but not proportional to the shear modulus in creep of discontinuous aluminium and aluminium alloy matrix composites is still awaiting identification. The creep-strengthening effect of silicon carbide particulates, silicon carbide whiskers and alumina short fibres is shown to be significant, although the particulates, whiskers and short fibres do not represent effective obstacles to dislocation motion.