Using key performance indicators as knowledge-management tools at a regional health-care authority level.

The advantages of the introduction of information and communication technologies in the complex health-care sector are already well-known and well-stated in the past. It is, nevertheless, paradoxical that although the medical community has embraced with satisfaction most of the technological discoveries allowing the improvement in patient care, this has not happened when talking about health-care informatics. Taking the above issue of concern, our work proposes an information model for knowledge management (KM) based upon the use of key performance indicators (KPIs) in health-care systems. Based upon the use of the balanced scorecard (BSC) framework (Kaplan/Norton) and quality assurance techniques in health care (Donabedian), this paper is proposing a patient journey centered approach that drives information flow at all levels of the day-to-day process of delivering effective and managed care, toward information assessment and knowledge discovery. In order to persuade health-care decision-makers to assess the added value of KM tools, those should be used to propose new performance measurement and performance management techniques at all levels of a health-care system. The proposed KPIs are forming a complete set of metrics that enable the performance management of a regional health-care system. In addition, the performance framework established is technically applied by the use of state-of-the-art KM tools such as data warehouses and business intelligence information systems. In that sense, the proposed infrastructure is, technologically speaking, an important KM tool that enables knowledge sharing amongst various health-care stakeholders and between different health-care groups. The use of BSC is an enabling framework toward a KM strategy in health care.     

Comparing knowledge management in health-care and technical support organizations.

Although knowledge management (KM) tools are well established in technical support organizations, health-care organizations have only recently become aware of their benefits. This research investigates whether health care should adopt the same tools taking into account the different KM requirements in the two industries. This study analyzes narratives from key personnel in a technical support organization and a health-care organization to understand and compare their KM process components and facilitating information technology. The empirical data reveal that health care needs a personalization approach to KM focusing on new problem identification using interactive knowledge webs, while technical support relies on a codification approach for problem resolution using interpretive knowledge and a chain structure.     

A knowledge creation info-structure to acquire and crystallize the tacit knowledge of health-care experts.

Tacit knowledge of health-care experts is an important source of experiential know-how, yet due to various operational and technical reasons, such health-care knowledge is not entirely harnessed and put into professional practice. Emerging knowledge-management (KM) solutions suggest strategies to acquire the seemingly intractable and nonarticulated tacit knowledge of health-care experts. This paper presents a KM methodology, together with its computational implementation, to 1) acquire the tacit knowledge possessed by health-care experts; 2) represent the acquired tacit health-care knowledge in a computational formalism--i.e., clinical scenarios--that allows the reuse of stored knowledge to acquire tacit knowledge; and 3) crystallize the acquired tacit knowledge so that it is validated for health-care decision-support and medical education systems.     

PCB企业知识管理实施浅析

分析了PCB企业知识管理的必要性,它是PCB企业迎接挑战、提升竞争力的必然选择。进而分析了PCB企业知识的特点和PCB企业知识管理现状,在此基础上提出了PCB企业知识管理实施的关键因素包括领导、文化与制度三个方面,同时对PCB企业知识管理实施的步骤做了初步的探讨。     

How Do Knowledge Management Announcements Affect Firm Value? A Study of Firms Pursuing Different Business Strategies

The importance of knowledge management (KM) efforts is well recognized in the popular and academic press. However, KM efforts do not always lead to improved firm performance. This paper argues that different kinds of KM efforts may be appropriate for firms pursuing different business strategies, and the impact of a KM effort on firm performance would depend on whether the effort is aligned with the firm's business strategy. Prior literature on organizational learning, KM, and business strategy is used to develop these arguments, and also to identify the nature of KM efforts that would be most appropriate for firms pursuing Defender, Analyzer, and Prospector business strategies. An event study is used to evaluate the stock market reaction to a firm's public announcement of the KM effort. The empirical results, based on 103 KM announcements from 1995 to 2002, are consistent with the theory-based expectations, showing alignment between the KM effort and business strategy to be positively associated with impact on firm value. Some of the implications of these results for practice and future research are examined.     

知识管理在科技馆发展中的应用研究——以中国科技馆为例

在科技馆建设得到迅速发展的今天,如何提高管理水平、展教水平、服务水平,更好地满足社会公众的科普需求,就成为科技馆急需思考和解决的问题。本文借鉴国内外企事业单位实施知识管理的经验,以中国科技馆为例,分析了其知识管理的现状与存在的问题,论证了中国科技馆实施知识管理的必要性和紧迫性,在此基础上,提出了中国科技馆知识管理系统的构架,探讨了中国科技馆实施知识管理获得成功的关键与难点。     

A key management and secure routing integrated framework for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Key management (KM) and secure routing (SR) are two most important issues for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs), but previous solutions tend to consider them separately. This leads to KM–SR interdependency cycle problem. In this paper, we propose a KM–SR integrated scheme that addresses KM–SR interdependency cycle problem. By using identity based cryptography (IBC), this scheme provides security features including confidentiality, integrity, authentication, freshness, and non-repudiation. Compared to symmetric cryptography, traditional asymmetric cryptography and previous IBC schemes, this scheme has improvements in many aspects. We provide theoretical proof of the security of the scheme and demonstrate the efficiency of the scheme with practical simulation.     

The impact of knowledge management practices on the acceptance of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) by engineering students: A cross-cultural comparison

This study conducted a cross-cultural analysis of the impact of knowledge management (KM) practices on the acceptance of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). The study extended the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with KM practices. A structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the hypothesized relationships based on data collected from 540 engineering students in Malaysia and Turkey. The results indicated that KM practices, including knowledge access, knowledge storage, and knowledge application have a positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness (PU) of MOOCs. However, knowledge sharing has a positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use (PEOU) of MOOCs. Further, a SEM-based multi-group analysis was employed to identify the moderating role of culture in examining the impact of KM practices on MOOCs acceptance. The findings suggested cultural differences in patterns between acceptance behaviors of engineering students in Malaysia and Turkey.     

Terminological (di) Similarities between Information Management and Knowledge Management: a Term Co-Occurrence Analysis

The terminological composition of information management (IM) and knowledge management (KM) is described in order to evidence how much do these areas overlap within the library and information sciences (LIS) space. A term co-occurrence analysis is conducted as from documents extracted from Web of Science, covering the period 1980–2015. To examine the terminological (di) similarity two approaches are applied: ‘overlay visualization? and ‘topic detection?. The percentage of terminological similarity oscillates between 24% and 38% according to the ‘overlay visualization? and ‘topic detection? techniques. At the core of the terminological intersection between IM and KM lies the study around processes, technologies and information systems. However, they are semantically two separate areas that tend to address similar dimensions -such as the managerial, educational and medical, but emphasizing different approach. Moreover, IM refers to the library and information organizations, highlighting the focus on personal information management, human information behavior, health information management, and information resource management. Oppositely, KM highlights the business, management and accounting realms in which topics like knowledge sharing and social networks, knowledge management strategies, and knowledge management projects are prevailing. These results would help to (re) define curricular contents of LIS programs as well as research and practical activities conducted by academicians and managers. This is the most comprehensive quantitative study in examining the epistemic borders between IM and KM in the LIS research. The authors consider that the methodological procedures here employed might be suitable to understand the boundaries between similar fields.

     

Incremental adoption of information security in health-care organizations: implications for document management.

The incremental adoption of electronic media in U.S. health care has created increased risk of security and privacy violations in provider organizations. Protective regulatory efforts have been proposed to address ineffective security of patient information, with severe noncompliance penalties. Using data from a nationwide survey of health information managers, this study examines how industry-wide knowledge management trends may influence the degree of security program adoption in health-care organizations. Results suggest that significant nonadoption of mandated security measures continues to occur across the health-care industry. Paper-based systems still prevail, and computerized settings tend to have less security measures. Implications for document management and knowledge policy are discussed.     

软件企业知识共享影响因素模式研究

知识被认为是企业最重要的战略资源，企业成功与否取决于知识管理的成败。知识共享是企业实施知识管理活动的重要议题。本文详细分析了软件企业员工知识的特点，识别出影响员工知识共享的关键因素，提出了影响软件企业知识共享的基本模式。     

大数据技术在医院电子病历信息管理系统中的应用

文中旨在解决医院电子病历信息管理系统存在的问题,探究大数据技术在该领域中的应用。首先,介绍了大数据技术在医院电子病历信息管理系统中的应用优势,包括对海量数据的高效处理和深度挖掘、提供全面且准确的数据支持、提高临床决策效能等。其次,分析了医院电子病历信息管理系统存在的不足,包括病历信息不规范、数据存储不完整、数据分析效率较低等。最后,提出了大数据技术在医院电子病历信息管理系统中的应用措施,包括构建完善的数据标准化体系、实现数据可视化和智能决策、利用机器学习算法进行数据挖掘等。通过上述措施,提高了医院电子病历管理的智能化水平和临床决策效能,可为相关人员提供参考。     

Semantic Knowledge Management for Education

ldquoSemantic technologiesrdquo are touted as the next big wave in educational technology and as the solution to many problems in this arena. Interdisciplinary work between the fields of knowledge management (KM) and educational technology (ET) is booming. But the crop of actual systems and semantically enhanced learning objects is still meager, maybe because KM and EL are lacking a consensus on the underlying notions, e.g., of ldquosemantics,rdquo yielding specific problems in their interplay. In this paper, we look at semantic educational technologies and draw conclusions for their approach in KM. In particular, we (re)evaluate the notions of semantics, knowledge, and learning; their role for learning materials in ET; and how they interact with the contexts involved in the learning/teaching process. Based on this, we distill a list of conditions the underlying knowledge representation format must fulfil to support these. As these conditions are still rather abstract, we show how they can be realized in a concrete language design, taking in our open mathematical documents format OMDoc as a point of departure.     

基于三维GIS的矿山计量管理系统

智慧矿山建设是未来的发展趋势与必然方向,而对矿车的管理以及采矿量的计量更是重中之重。随着物联网、互联网等新技术的飞速发展,基于互联网的GIS技术逐渐应用于矿山计量管理。基于以上背景,文章重点探讨了矿山计量管理系统的构建与关键技术,以北衙矿区为对象,设计和开发了一套基于三维GIS的矿山计量管理系统,实现对矿车和采矿量的实际监控、自动调度以及可视化、数字化、智能化控制,为矿山企业提供一个统一、融合、智能、高效的矿山计量管理平台。     

数据挖掘技术在电力负荷管理系统中的应用

将数据挖掘技术应用到电力负荷管理系统中,设计出电力负荷数据挖掘系统,此系统包括数据预处理模块,数据挖掘模块和数据挖掘结果显示模块。根据电力系统数据的特点,提出采用多元线形回归模型进行数据挖掘的方法,并成功运用了实践中实例表明该数据挖掘系统能够对电力负荷值进行有效的预测,提高用电生产管理方面信息的准确性和及时性,从而保证供电与用电的稳定。     

2 m 望远镜K 镜支撑结构优化设计

为了使得某2m望远镜消旋K镜在重力环境温度变化的影响下镜面面形和结构刚度满足要求,设计了一种柔性支撑结构。KM1 支撑方式采用背部三点支撑,通过有限元软件ANSYS 对支撑位置进行优化。并基于伴随变换建立了柔性支撑杆的柔度矩阵,对柔性铰链的厚度、长度和宽度进行优化,使反射镜支撑刚度满足需求,并减轻热应力和装配应力面形的影响。KM2 采用周边三点支撑,间隔120均匀分布,支撑杆结构与KM1 相同。在重力和均匀温降的联合工况下,KM1 和KM2 的有限元仿真结果达到了设计要求,KM1 镜面面形RMS 低于/40,KM2 镜面面形RMS 低于/60,一阶谐振频率均高于100 Hz。     

A Fittingness Factor-Based Spectrum Management Framework for Cognitive Radio Networks

In order to increase cognitive radios (CRs) operation efficiency, there has been an increasing interest in strengthening awareness level about spectrum utilisation. In this respect, this paper proposes to exploit the fittingness factor concept to capture the suitability of spectral resources exhibiting time-varying characteristics to support a set of heterogeneous CR applications. First, a new knowledge management functional architecture for optimizing spectrum management has been constructed. It integrates a set of advanced statistics capturing the influence of the dynamic radio environment on the fittingness factor. Then, a knowledge manager (KM) exploiting these statistics to monitor time-varying suitability of spectrum resources has been proposed to support the spectrum selection (SS) decision-making process. In particular, a new Fittingness Factor-based strategy combining two SS and spectrum mobility (SM) functionalities has been proposed, following either a greedy or a proactive approach. Results have shown that, with a proper fittingness factor function, the greedy approach efficiently exploits the KM support at low loads and the SM functionality at high loads to introduce significant gains in terms of the user dissatisfaction probability. The proactive approach has been shown to maintain the introduced performance gain while minimizing the signalling requirements in terms of spectrum handover rate.     

网格环境下的教学质量数据挖掘

教学质量数据挖掘能获取大量有价值的教学管理和教学评价信息,为教学管理工作提供科学的决策和依据.网格的数据挖掘是数据挖掘技术与网格计算的有机结合,现概述了网格数据挖掘的特点,讨论了网格的数据挖掘过程,并从开放网格服务体系结构出发, 给出了网格平台下的教学质量数据挖掘的功能和执行过程.     

Sharing knowledge through intranets: a study of organizationalculture and intranet implementation

Explores factors affecting the implementation of intranets, which are the technology upon which many knowledge management (KM) systems are built. Because intranets facilitate the sharing of employee knowledge, many believe that organizational culture influences intranet implementation. The results of this study found that intranet implementation is facilitated by a culture that emphasizes an atmosphere of trust and concern for other people (ethical culture), flexibility and innovation (developmental culture), and policies, procedures and information management (hierarchical culture). Management should ensure that the proper values are in place to optimize intranet implementation and to facilitate knowledge sharing