电化学氧化法预处理垃圾渗滤液的研究

通过电化学氧化法对垃圾渗滤液进行预处理,用正交实验方法确定最佳的反应条件,对处理前后的有机组成进行GCMS分析。结果表明,较佳电氧化条件为:处理时间120 min,电流密度7.5 A/dm2,极板间距5 mm,阳极板材为SnO2/Ti,阴极为不锈钢,NaCl投加量为2 g/100 mL。在此条件下,当进水COD浓度为44 100 mg/L时,出水浓度为1 369 mg/L,去除率达到68.94%,氨氮进水浓度为4 085 mg/L时,出水浓度为1 209 mg/L,去除率达到了70.4%。有机物的去除明显,挥发性有机物增多,能够达到对高浓度垃圾渗滤液进行预处理并有利于后续的生化处理的目的。     

废铁屑耦合矿化垃圾反应床处理填埋场渗滤液研究

为了构建合理的废铁屑耦合矿化垃圾反应床工艺,分别进行了停留时间对铁屑处理填埋场渗滤液和矿化垃圾反应床出水的影响对比分析.并据此研究了前置铁屑固定床耦合矿化垃圾反应床处理填埋场渗滤液的效能.结果表明,在不进行pH调节的条件下,前置铁屑固定床和间歇曝气沉淀具有明显强化反应床体系去除COD和氨氮的能力,出水COD和氨氮分别小...     

UV/O_3高级氧化工艺深度处理垃圾渗滤液的研究

采用UV/O_3高级氧化组合工艺对垃圾渗滤液二级出水进行深度处理。研究反应时间、p H和臭氧进气流量等因素对处理效果的影响。结果表明,最佳工艺条件是p H=9、臭氧进气流量80 L/h、紫外光功率为10 W、反应时间120 min。在最佳工艺条件下,UV/O_3高级氧化组合工艺对垃圾渗滤液二级出水COD、氨氮、色度的去除率分别为80.61%、64.47%、91.70%,相比单独臭氧处理时,去除率分别提高了19.31%、17.77%、6.10%。     

Fenton氧化法深度处理垃圾渗滤液

为了去除垃圾渗滤液中难于生物降解的有机物,采用Fenton氧化法深度处理垃圾渗滤液。得出试验最佳反应条件为:H2O2和Fe2+不混合分3次投加,H2O2和Fe2+的质量比为2∶1,Fe2+的浓度为0.04mol/L。在最佳条件下,进水CODCr的质量浓度为1521mg/L时,反应3h,出水CODCr的质量浓度为120mg/L,可以达标排放。药剂费用估算为6元/t。     

物化法处理垃圾渗滤液的研究进展

简要介绍了垃圾渗滤液的特性及其物化处理技术,重点阐述了吸附法、吹脱法、混凝沉淀法、化学沉淀法、化学氧化法、电化学法、光催化氧化法、反渗透和纳滤法的原理、效果及存在的问题。对这些处理方法进行比较,并在此基础上对垃圾渗滤液处理技术的研究发展方向提出了一些建议。     

Amelioration of ultrafiltration process by lime treatment: Case of landfill leachate

Nowadays membrane ultrafiltration process is generally used in effluents treatment. However, at industrial level, this process has major limitations such as important membrane fouling. In this study, a pre-treatment with lime upstream ultrafiltration was envisaged. The effluent considered is landfill leachate. The final waste storage centres produce leachates resulting from the percolation of waters through the hidden waste mass. These effluents strongly charged in mineral and organic matters, must be treated before their release into natural environment. Concerning the cleaning up, results have shown that the selectivity of membranes has an important influence on elimination of pollution from organic source. As expected, any action of retention on salts and heavy metals has been shown. During the filtration of raw leachate, the fouling of membranes turns to be very important and does not allow reaching satisfactory productivity no matter the cut-off limit. There seems to be no impact from hydrodynamics on velocity circulation higher than 4 m s^− 1; this shows the existence of a dense and adhesive deposit on the membrane. The pre-treatment by lime allows (i) to precipitate carbonates under calcium carbonates form and ii) to eliminate by co-precipitation humic acids that are responsible for irreversible membrane fouling. Industrially, the implementation of the pre-treatment may allow reducing the costs of an ultrafiltration unit at about 50% in terms of investment and from 5 to 30% for operating costs.     

垃圾渗滤液污染治理技术研究进展

分析了垃圾渗滤液污染治理技术的现状,总结了国内外各种渗滤液处理工艺的特点及处理效果.阐述了垃圾渗滤液处理治理技术的发展方向.垃圾渗滤液处理方向将逐步由传统、宏观的对COD、BOD的处理转向渗滤液的介观性质的研究,以寻找出渗滤液污染的根本原因,从而彻底解决渗滤液的污染问题.     

蒸发法处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液的实验研究

用实验的方法研究蒸发法处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液,结果表明:降低压力在负压的状态下进行蒸发实验,COD的处理效果好于常压下的蒸发效果,NH_3-N的蒸发则不受蒸发压力变化的影响:而在降低原液pH进行蒸发的情况下,虽然不能改善COD的处理效果,但是NH_3-N的去除率得到较大提高;在常压蒸发时发现冷凝液中COD的增大主要发生在蒸发后期(浓缩倍数≥10时),前期有小幅度的蒸发,中期几乎不变.NH_3-N的蒸发则和COD恰恰相反,它的蒸出主要发生在蒸发前期,后期有少量蒸发,中期和COD一样蒸发量几乎为零;实验还对渗滤液进行了二级蒸发研究,发现效果并不理想.     

国外垃圾渗滤液处理研究进展

针对垃圾渗滤液的特性,简要分析了物理、化学和生物处理技术的优缺点,重点介绍了国外最新的厌氧、好氧和组合生物工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的研究进展,对不同工艺在处理过程中存在的问题进行了分析,对未来的研究方向进行了展望.     

国内外垃圾渗沥液处理技术综述

垃圾渗沥液处理虽然在各国开展的时间已较长 ,迄今尚无比较切实有效的方法。作者全面分析比较了国内外渗沥液处理技术和处理效果     

老龄垃圾渗滤液处理技术研究进展

垃圾在长期填埋过程中产生的老龄垃圾渗滤液成分复杂,处理更为困难。老龄垃圾渗滤液具有氨氮含量高、C/N低、可生化性差等特点。从物化处理、生化处理和生物脱氮等方面对国内外该类渗滤液的处理工艺进行了分析,指出了各种处理方法的优势与不足,并在此基础上对老龄垃圾渗滤液处理技术的发展进行了展望。     

微波催化氧化技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用

介绍了垃圾渗滤液的产生及特点,并论述了微波技术、催化氧化技术、微波催化氧化技术的机理及优缺点.微波催化氧化法具有反应速度快、无二次污染、水质适用范围广、对垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物降解彻底等特点,但同时也受到催化剂、测温技术等限制,指出微波湿式催化氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液是今后的主要研究方向之一.     

Supercritical water oxidation treatment of humic acid as a model organic compound of landfill leachate

Landfill leachate is a complex and variable effluent, rich in organic and inorganic matters resistant to decomposition, and is an extreme pollutant. Humic acids (HA) are some of the most refractive substances in the leachates, which is the reason why they have been used as an organic model. The degradation of an HA solution through supercritical water oxidation (ScWO) was evaluated under a constant pressure of 22.5 MPa, temperatures from 400°C to 600°C, and reaction times from 15 to 60 seconds. The results showed that the most influential factor was temperature and it guided the operational conditions of the ScWO for the landfill leachate (22.5 MPa, 600°C, and 60 seconds). The landfill leachate treatment promoted high removal rates of true colour (87%), total dissolved solids (94%), nitrate (70%), and total phosphorus (96%). In addition, it removed 57% of the COD, which was similar to the HA removal rate (61%) under the same operational conditions. This indicates that HA are an adequate organic model for landfill leachates. The results suggest that ScWO is a clean and promising treatment technology that can be applied to landfills and can have even better results if used in combination with oxidizers and catalysts, or with the use of higher temperatures.     

垃圾渗滤液处置设备材质选择的研究

垃圾渗滤液的处理是目前较为复杂的废水处理之一,高盐高COD使得可生化性差。由于Cl离子高达20~30g/L,在渗滤液储存处理过程中,设备材质的耐腐要求很高。借鉴海水淡化的研究工作基础,通过电化学工作站研究了以渗滤液为工作介质的钛材、双相钢2205、双相钢2507三种材质的极化曲线关系,从而得到三种材质的腐蚀速率。实验认为,钛材具有明显的耐腐性能和抗极化性能,双相钢2507的耐腐性能良好,但抗极化性能较差,双相钢2205对耐氯介质无抗腐蚀能力。根据材质的腐蚀速率以及实际工况,对三种材质进行经济评价,认为中短期项目选择双相钢2507较好,长期项目还是应以钛材为宜。     

Combined electrooxidation and assisted electrochemical coagulation of aqueous phenol wastes

The electrochemical treatment of basic (pH 12) aqueous phenol wastes using stainless steel electrodes is described. Two different processes have been identified in the removal of the phenol from aqueous wastes: electrooxidation, which leads to the formation of carboxylic acids and carbon dioxide, and solids-forming assisted electrochemical processes (including complexation, precipitation and/or coagulation) produced by the generation of Fe³⁺ ions in the waste during treatment. The effect of the initial carbon concentration, temperature and current density has also been investigated. It was determined that increases in the initial carbon concentration and temperature lead to increases in the reaction rates of the treatment processes and that increased current density leads to a decrease in the rate of electrooxidation and an increase in the rate of the solid-forming processes.     

气浮-混凝-Fenton氧化处理垃圾渗滤液动态模拟研究

采用气浮-混凝-Fenton氧化组合工艺对垃圾渗滤液进行处理。试验研究结果表明,最佳气浮条件:气水比为45～60mL/L、氧化石蜡皂用量为300mg/L、气浮时间为15min;最佳混凝条件:PAM投加量为9mg/L、PAC投加量为1100mg/L、pH值为5、搅拌强度为200r/min;最佳Fenton氧化条件:pH值为3,Fe2+投加量为0.04mol/L,n(H2O2)/n(Fe2+)为15,反应时间为90min。垃圾渗滤液经过气浮-混凝-Fenton氧化处理后COD、NH3-N得到了较好的去除,最终出水COD、NH3-N、TP可达《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB16889—2008)中的排放浓度限值。     

Contributions of electrochemical oxidation to waste‐water treatment: fundamentals and review of applications

OVERVIEW: This paper provides an overview of some fundamental aspects of electrochemical oxidation and gives updated information on the application of this technology to waste‐water treatment. In recent years, electrochemical oxidation has gained increasing interest due to its outstanding technical characteristics for eliminating a wide variety of pollutants normally present in waste‐waters such as refractory organic matter, nitrogen species and microorganisms. IMPACT: The strict disposal limits and health quality standards set by legislation may be met by applying electrochemical oxidation. However, treatment costs have to be cut down before full‐scale application of this technology. Deployment of electrochemical oxidation in combination with other technologies and the use of renewable sources to power this process are two steps in this direction. APPLICATIONS: Effluents from landfill and a wide diversity of industrial effluents including the agro‐industry, chemical, textile, tannery and food industry, have been effectively treated by this technology. Its high efficiency together with its disinfection capabilities makes electro‐oxidation a suitable technology for water reuse programs. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

以MBR为核心的垃圾渗滤液处理工艺研究进展

详细介绍了以MBR为核心的处理垃圾渗滤液的各类组合工艺,综述了其研究和工程应用现状,分析了存在问题,给出了适用范围,指出以MBR为核心的垃圾渗滤液处理工艺的今后研究方向是开发低能耗、低成本、高性能、抗污染的膜材料,以及合理设计组合工艺,选择合适的膜清洗方式。     

纳滤技术在垃圾渗滤液深度处理中的应用

采用纳滤技术对垃圾焚烧场渗滤液进行深度处理,探讨了该方法用于垃圾渗滤液深度处理的可行性.实验结果表明,COD去除率为80％～93％,氨氮去除率为45％～70％.实验过程中膜通量和脱盐率变化不大,膜性能稳定,可为垃圾渗滤液处理提供参考.