用铬传感器测定碳饱和铁液中的Cr的活度

用ＺｒＯ２（ＭｇＯ）固体电解质，以ＣａＳｉＯ３＋Ｃｒ２Ｏ３作为辅助电极，组成铬传感探头：ＭｏＣｒ，Ｃｒ２Ｏ３，ＺｒＯ２（ＭｇＯ）ＣａＳｉＯ３，Ｃｒ２Ｏ３Ｃｒ）ＦｅＭｏ－ＺｒＯ２于１７５３Ｋ测定了碳饱和铁液中Ｃｒ的活度，该探头响应快，约２－３ｓ即可得到稳定的电动势值，测定误差为±１－２ｍＶ，Ｃｒ的活度与Ｃｒ的浓度之间符合理论关系。     

La传感器及其在碳饱和铁液与凝固中La活度的研究

制得多晶Ｌａ０．９５Ｃａ０．０５Ｆ０．０５固体电解质管，以纯Ｌａ作为参经电要，组成Ｌａ传感器，电池形式为：ＭｏＬａ（ｌ）ｏｒ（ｓ）Ｌａ０。９５Ｆ２。９５ＬａＦｅＭｏ金属陶瓷，于１５７３Ｋ测定了碳饱和铁液中不同Ｌａ浓度下溶解态Ｌａ浓度下溶解态Ｌａ的活度，与同时用氧传顺测得的氧的变化规律相符合，追踪测定了１６２３Ｋ碳饱和铁液凝固过程中溶解态Ｌａ澳大利亚度随温度的变化，结果呈现规律性，Ｌａ传感探头在降温     

La传感器及其在碳饱和铁液与凝固中La活度的研究

制得多晶Ｌａ_（０．９５）Ｃａ_（０．０５）Ｆ_（２．９５）固体电解质管，以纯Ｌａ作为参比电极，组成Ｌａ传感器电池形式为：Ｍｏ｜Ｌａ（１）ｏｆ（ｓ）｜Ｌａ_（０．９５）Ｃａ_（０．０５）Ｆ_（２．９５）｜［Ｌａ］Ｆｅ｜Ｍｏ金属陶瓷。于１５７３Ｋ测定了碳饱和铁液中不同Ｌａ浓度下熔解态Ｌａ的活度，与同时用氧传感器测得的氧的变化规律相符合追踪测定了１６２３Ｋ碳饱和铁液凝固过程中溶解态Ｌａ活度随温度的变化，结果呈现规律性Ｌａ传感探头在降温和升温过程中可连续使用。     

La传感器及碳饱和铁液中La活度测定的研究

用直接合成法制备了Ｌａβ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，固体电解质，用阻抗谱技术在８００－１５００℃测得其电导率为１０－６－１０－３Ｓ·ｍ－１不同组成样品的电导激活能在１．９５－２．０７ｅＶ之间。用Ｃｏｕｌｏｍｂ滴定抽Ｌａ法验证Ｌａβ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的Ｌａ３＋的导电性；在５００－１６００℃下示差热分析的结果表明，Ｌａβ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３未发现相变和分解制得Ｌａβ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３固体电解质管，以纯Ｌａ作为参比电极，组成Ｌａ传感探头，在１４５０℃测得碳饱和铁液中、不同Ｌａ浓度下溶解态Ｌａ的活度具有规律性；与同时用氧传感探头测得氧的变化规律相符合．在实验条件下，Ｌａ传感探头经过连续多次使用，未见有开裂或渗漏现象，Ｌａ与Ｌａβ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３管不发生作用．     

Al液中溶解态La活度的研究

以多晶La_(0.95)Ca_(0.05)F_(2.95)作固体电解质,LaNi_5-Ni合金作参比电极,Mo丝作电极引线,组成稀土La传感器,直接测定了1023K时Al液中不同La浓度时溶解态La的活度其结果与用氧探头测定的氧浓差电动势的变化规律相符合,遵从La的脱氧平衡规律同时还获得了1023K时Al-La稀溶液体系中有关的热力学数据: △G_(La)=-175.2kJ/mol,γ_((La)(s))=5.85×10~(-7) ε_(La)~(La)=28.7,e_(La)~(La)=0.024     

碳饱和铁水中碳传质系数的测定

本研究采用搅拌的方法对铁酸二钙脱磷过程中１３５０℃时碳饱和铁水内磷的传质系数进行了研究。     

碳饱和铁液中Nb的溶解度SCIEI

在1300—1500℃的温度范围内测得碳饱和铁液中Nb的溶解度与温度的关系为:lg[％Nb]_(max)=-5899/T+3.28.为避免碳化银沉淀对测定的干扰,采用了一种扩散平衡法进行测定,还做了碳化铌过饱和析出实验,证实了扩散平衡法测定结果的可靠性。     

实际转炉吹炼的冰铜熔体中S和Fe活度的测定

用EMF方法测定了实际转炉吹炼过程的冰铜、白冰铜和粗铜试样中S和Fe的活度。S活度的测定采用β-Al_2O_3固体电解质和含有Na_2S的熔渣构成电池 W,WS_2,(Na~+,S~(2-))|β-Al_2O_3|(Na~+,S~(2-)),[Cu-Fe-S],W Fe活度的测定采用Zr02(CaO)固体电解质和含有FeO的熔渣构成电池 Fe,(Fe~(2+),O~(2-))|ZrO_2(CaO)|(Fe~(2+),O~(2-)),[Cu-Fe-S],W 实验结果显示了实际冰铜熔体在转炉吹炼过程中S和Fe活度变化情况的一般特征。     

三元系金属熔体中的活度和活度相互作用系数模型

提出计算金属液中活度和活度相互作用系数的模型．据此可以快速、准确地计算出任何三元系金属熔体中除Ｏ，Ｓ，Ｓｅ，Ｔｅ外任何组元的１ｎγ和任何组元间的一级活度相互作用系数ε，ε以及二级活度相互作用系数ρ，ρ，ρ．影响１ｎγ的因素是ｉ（溶质）和ｋ（溶剂）的ｎＷＳ（电子密度）、Φ（电负性）以及ｉ的Ｖ（摩尔体积）值。由模型计算出的１ｎγ值与实验值吻合较好，对铁基合金正负号一致率达９５．７％；影响活度相互作用系数的因素是溶质ｉ和ｊ以及溶剂ｋ的ｎＷＳ，Φ和Ｖ，ε，ε的计算值和实验值基本一致，对液态铁合金正负号一致率达８０％以上．     

KINETICS OF REDUCTION IRON OXIDE IN CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-Fe_tO SLAGS WITH CARBON SATURATED IN MOLTEN IRON

1.IntroductionItisimportanttoinvestigatethekineticsofreductionofironoxideinslagswithcarbonsaturatedinmoltenironforunderstandingboththeslag-metalreactioninthehearthofblastfurnaceandthefinalreductionbehavioursofprereductionironorepelletscontainingcarboninironbathreactor.Theprevious.......h..sll--7]focusedtheirattentionsmainlyonthereductionrateofpureironoxideortheredlltionrateofironoxideinsimpleslags.Thoseresultsarenotconsistentwiththatoftilerealsituation.Throughanalyzinggascompositionattheoutlet…     

利用高频磁场分离Al熔体中的非金属夹杂

对利用高频磁场分离静置Al熔体中非金属夹杂的工艺参数进行了研究,通过理论解析计算得出频率f,磁感应强度Be,颗粒直径dp,电磁力作用时间t,管径与集肤深度的比值r1/δ等参数与夹杂分离效率η的关系,并与实测分离效率进行了分析和比较,实验结果表明,较高的磁场频率和磁感应强度是高分离效率的保证,对于粒径为6um的非金属夹杂,磁场频率为高,则r1/δ的取值范围越宽;r1/δ=1.5-2时可使分离效率获得最大值。     

GROWTH MODE AND MODIFICATION OF GRAPHITE IN CAST IRON MELT

Using liquid quenching technique,the change of growth mode of graphite in cast iron meltwas analysed.Based on the interface structure theory of crystal growth,the concept ofmultiplication of spiral growth steps was advanced and two basic multiplication modelswere given.It was proposed that multiplication of spiral steps is responsible for the changeof growth mode of graphite in cast iron melt.The modifying elements such as Ce promotemultiplication of spiral steps,which is regarded as the core of modification.Originationof screw dislocation and branch of the sector blocks in radius direction,both of whichare essential to spheroidization of graphite in the melt,are caused by multiplication ofspiral steps:and so is thickening of graphite plates.     

RESEARCH OF THE FEEDING SPEED ADOPTING CORED-WIRE METHOD TO SPHEROIDIZE DUCTILE IRON MELT

For settling the question of feeding speed in applying the cored-wire method to spheroidize ductile iron melt, ANSYS software was applied to simulate the heat transfer and mass transfer, and the melt time of the steel strip in the iron melt was determined by linking the heat transfer and mass transfer, and then the feeding speed was calcufated. Conclusions have been drawn that the iron layer was formed on the surface of the cored-wire during the wire-feeding process. The thickness is 0.073 mm when the temperature of the iron melt is 1500℃, the time from formation to remelting of the iron layer is 0.063 s. When the temperature of the iron melt is below 1500℃, the time taken for the steel strip to melt is rapidly shortened. When the temperature of the iron melt is above 1500℃, the variation amplitude of the steel strip melt change with time is gradually diminished. The melt time of the steel strip is rapidly increased with the increase of the steel strip thickness. When the temperature of the iron melt is 1500℃ and the carbon content is 4%, the melt time of a steel strip, which has a thickness of 0.5 mm, is thrice that of a steel strip whose thickness is 0.3 mm. The calculation results of the feeding speed are basically in agreement with the applied feeding speed in the factory.     

摆动跟踪传感器在全位置焊接中的应用

根据全位置焊接和一般开坡口焊缝焊接的施焊特点,设计了一种接触式的摆动跟踪传感器,该传感器采用一种光电传感器作为获取坡口侧壁的信号,并且通过实现探针在与坡口侧壁接触时控制探针回摆,从而降低了探针的磨损。     

铁液在自焙炭块中的渗透过程

本文在１４５０和１５００℃下,对铁液在自焙炭块中的渗透过程进行了实验研究,利用ＥＰＭ观察并确定了各种条件下铁液在自焙炭块中的渗透程度,得到了渗透浓度与时间的定量关系ｈ＾２＝１１７７３Ｔ;结合渗透及流体流动理论,提出了一个渗透模型ｘ＝√εσｒ２μ;ｔ＾１／２及与渗透性相关的材料孔隙结构参数,文中还讨论了温度及石墨化度对渗透的影响。