非层状纳米无机粒子/热塑性聚合物复合材料制备方法研究进展

纳米粒子由于十分容易聚集和团聚, 加之表面亲水性的纳米颗粒和表面憎水性的聚合物基体的相容性较差, 往往以较大的团聚体形式分散于聚合物基体树脂中, 导致复合材料的性能不佳。基于常规共混法的纳米颗粒/聚合物复合材料制备技术仍是重要的制备途径之一, 关键在于如何解决复合体系中纳米粒子的有效分散和利用问题。为此, 本文中针对非层状纳米无机粒子/热塑性聚合物复合材料的制备, 介绍了纳米无机粒子表面改性和纳米颗粒在热塑性聚合物中的分散技术方面的研究进展。      

有机-无机纳米复合材料合成方法的发展

概述了近年来将有机聚合物嵌入层状无机物晶体夹层或坑道中,制备有机 无机纳米复合材料的新方法及有机 无机纳米复合材料的性能,讨论了层状无机物晶体的结构特点,并展望了有机 无机纳米复合材料的主要应用领域。     

聚合物/石墨导电纳米复合材料研究进展

石墨是近几年国内外研究的热点无机层状材料之一,它与聚合物有效复合形成的纳米复合材料是一类具有广阔应用前景的新型材料。从石墨的应用形式、聚合物基体的种类、复合材料的制备方法几个方面概述了聚合物/石墨导电纳米复合材料的研究进展及其发展趋势。     

聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料

聚合物/层状硅酸盐(PLS)纳米复合材料是近10年迅速发展起来的新交叉科学.由于聚合物纳米复合材料具有常规聚合物复合材料所没有的结构、形态以及较常规聚合物复合材料更优异的物理力学性能、耐热性和气体液体阻隔性能等,因而显示出重要的科学意义和应用前景.综述了聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备、结构表征、性能和应用情况,最后展望了其应用前景.     

聚合物／层状无机物纳米复合材料的研究进展

介绍了适于制备有机/无机纳米复合材料的层状无机物的类型和有机物嵌入到层状无机物夹层中的影响因素;总结了聚合物/层状无机物纳米复合材料的制备方法、结构与性能特征及潜在的应用前景。     

无机-有机纳米复合高吸水性树脂研究进展

综述了利用不同类型的层状黏土如蒙脱土、高岭土、海泡石等制备无机-有机纳米复合高吸水性树脂的研究进展,重点介绍了该类高吸水性树脂的制备方法和应用性能。对利用金属/非金属氧化物纳米材料制备无机-有机纳米复合高吸水性树脂进行了介绍。对无机-有机纳米复合高吸水性树脂未来的发展进行展望。     

聚合物基微纳米复合材料的制备及微型注塑加工研究

微型高分子功能器件具有独特优点,发展迅速,应用广泛,是当今科学技术的重要前沿,迫切需要发展高性能多功能聚合物基微纳米复合材料,实现其微型注塑加工。介绍了近年来作者课题组在聚合物基微纳米复合材料制备及其微型注塑加工方面的研究进展:通过有机/无机杂化、固相剪切碾磨、纳米复合、分子复合及熔融共混技术等制备适合于微成型加工的高性能多功能聚合物基微纳米复合材料,如尼龙11/钛酸钡压电复合材料、聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石生物医用纳米复合材料、聚氨酯/碳纳米管导电复合材料等。解决了微纳米填料难分散、复合体系难加工的难题,实现了聚合物基微纳米功能复合材料的微型注塑加工,研究了其流变行为和充填行为,调控和优化了微型制品的结构与性能,为制备高性能多功能的聚合物微型器件提供了新材料、新技术和新理论。     

石墨烯基纳米复合材料的研究进展

石墨烯是一种具有二维结构的纳米碳材料,具有优异的导电、导热和机械性能。将石墨烯与无机物或聚合物进行复合是近年来的研究热点,对石墨烯基纳米复合材料进行了综述,概述了国内外石墨烯/无机纳米复合材料和石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料的导电性、导热性、机械性能和生物相容性等的研究进展。     

微波爆聚法合成荧光性类水滑石/PMMA复合材料

利用微波爆聚法快速合成了发黄色荧光的有机/无机聚合物纳米复合材料。用红外光谱、荧光光谱、XRD、TEM、热分析等对结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,黄光类水滑石片层已充分剥离并均匀分散于PMMA基质中,在468nm蓝光激发下,产生明亮的黄光发射,并且相较于PMMA具有更高的热稳定性。微波爆聚法为实现无机板层快速剥离并在聚合物基体中均匀分散提供了新的高效途径,有望在制备各种聚合物/层状无机物纳米复合材料中得到应用。     

聚合物/无机纳米复合材料研究进展

本文对无机纳米材料的结构特征及预处理技术 ,对用于制备聚合物 /无机纳米复合材料的直接分散法、插层复合法、溶胶 -凝胶 (sol-gel)法等 3种方法及聚合物 /无机纳米复合材料的性能进行了综述。并对本领域今后的发展趋势提出了一些看法。     

Ablation mechanism of polymer layered silicate nanocomposite heat shield

Recent advances in polymer layered silicate nanocomposites especially improve flammability resistance; encourage the examination of this unique class of evolving materials as potential ablatives. Polymer layered silicate nanocomposites show excellent potential as ablative heat shields. Determining the thermal diffusivity together with the mass and energy transfer is an important problem encountered in design of heat shield system which pyrolyses and ablates at high temperature. The aim of this work is to give information on the influence of the experimental conditions to the estimated effective thermal diffusivity of ablative nanocomposite and composite materials. Here, we present the inverse solution to estimate the parameter used to identify the effective thermal diffusivity of resol type phenolic resin-asbestos cloth montmorillonite layered silicate nanocomposite and its composite counterpart. The experimental setup consists of a standard oxyacetylene flame test. The transient temperature measurements, taken from the top surface and through the thickness of the samples, are used in the inverse analysis to estimate the change of the effective thermal diffusivity. The results of this work clarify the mechanism of the ablation and thermal diffusivity of the layered silicate nanocomposite heat shields due to the high temperature degradation in comparison with its composite counterpart.     

插层法制备聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究进展

插层法可制得性能优异的聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料，其基体材料的力学性能、热稳定性、阻燃性及气体阻隔性等得到大幅度改善，近年来受到广泛的重视。文中从制备方法、材料性能及应用等方面较详细地综述了该领域的研究进展情况。     

累托石/聚合物纳米复合材料的新进展

累托石是我国湖北省盛产的铝硅酸盐矿物, 其与蒙脱土极为相似, 但又具有它独特的结构特点, 近年来广泛用于聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备. 本文介绍了累托石的结构特性、表面修饰和累托石/聚合物纳米复合材料的结构及制备方法, 总结了累托石/壳聚糖基纳米复合材料及其作为抗菌剂、吸附剂、药物控释材料和基因载体等功能化应用方面的最新研究成果, 并提出了累托石/聚合物纳米复合材料未来的研究方向.     

Polymer Layered Silicate Nanocomposites

Polymer nanocomposites with layered silicates as the inorganic phase (reinforcement) are discussed. The materials design and synthesis rely on the ability of layered silicates to intercalate in the galleries between their layers a wide range of monomers and polymers. Special emphasis is placed on a new, versatile and environmentally benign synthesis approach by polymer melt intercalation. In contrast to in-situ polymerization and solution intercalation, melt intercalation involves mixing the layered silicate with the polymer and heating the mixture above the softening point of the polymer. Compatibility with various polymers is accomplished by derivatizing the silicates with alkyl ammonium cations via an ion exchange reaction. By fine-tuning the surface characteristics nanodispersion (i. e. intercalation or delamination) can be accomplished. The resulting polymer layered silicate (PLS) nanocomposites exhibit properties dramatically different from their more conventional counterparts. For example, PLS nanocomposites can attain a particular degree of stiffness, strength and barrier properties with far less inorganic content than comparable glass- or mineral reinforced polymers and, therefore, they are far lighter in weight. In addition, PLS nanocomposites exhibit significant increase in thermal stability as well as self-extinguishing characteristics. The combination of improved properties, convenient processing and low cost has already led to a few commercial applications with more currently under development.     

插层复合法制备聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料研究进展

本文对聚合物／粘土纳米复合材料的合成、结构、性能和增强机理进行了评述。粘土经有机化处理和聚合物复合后的材料显示出与众不同的性能,它的硬度、力学强度、阻隔性能、热稳定性能和阻燃性能有显著改善,聚合物／粘土纳米复合材料有着广泛的应用前景。     

熔融插层法制备聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的调控因素

综述了熔融插层法制备聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的调控因素，分析了插层过程中复合体系、加工工艺、热力学和动力学因素对聚合物插层与层状硅酸盐片层剥离分散的影响．并展望了聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究前景。     

可生物降解性聚合物-层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究进展

可生物降解性聚合物一层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料比聚合物基体有更好的力学强度、热稳定性、热变形温度、气体阻隔特性和更快的降解速率，表现出剪切变稀、模量升高、似固体行为等流变特性。文中综述了可生物降解性聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法、表征手段、性能测试及其应用等方面的研究进展。     

Intercalation/Exfoliation mechanism of hybrid formation in polypropylene/lamellar mesostructured silica nanocomposites

Understanding the optimal processing conditions for the fabrication of polymer nanocomposites is of fundamental importance in designing materials with balance of properties. To understand these conditions in the case of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA)/layered mesostructured silica (LMS) nanocomposites, the effect of temperature, shear rate, and residence time during processing on the structure of the nanocomposites were studied. The results showed that the combination of temperature, residence time, and mechanical shears have strong effect on the structure of the nanocomposites, rather than just interfacial interactions between the polymer matrix and silicate layers. However, interfacial interactions between the polymer matrix and silicate layers primarily play an important role to the intercalation of polymer chains into the silicate galleries. On the basis of our experimental results, a first explanation of the formulation mechanism of PP-g-MA/LMS nanocomposites is proposed. Finally, a general concept of processing conditions for manufacturing of polymer nanocomposites by melt-compounding process in a batch-mixer is described.     

聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料阻燃性研究进展

根据层状硅酸盐(黏土)可增强聚合物纳米复合材料阻燃性能的研究进展,本文综述了聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备方法,指出熔融插层是一种高效可行、环境友好的制备方法;从硅酸盐在纳米复合材料中产生的阻碍效应、自由基诱导效应,网状结构三个方面详细讨论了层状硅酸盐在纳米复合材料中的阻燃机理;最后,指出目前聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料在阻燃研究中尚存在的问题,并对其开发应用前景进行了展望。     

Biodegradable polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Our continuing research on the preparation, characterization, materials properties, and biodegradability of polylactide (PLA)/organically modified layered silicate (OMLS) nanocomposites has yielded results on PLA/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Montmorillonite (mmt) modified with dimethyldioctadecylammonium cation was used as an OMLS for nanocomposite preparation. The internal structure of nanocomposites on the nanometer scale was established with the use of wide-angle X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron micrographic observation. All nanocomposites exhibited significant improvement in crystallization behavior, mechanical properties, flexural properties, heat distortion temperature, and O2 gas permeability when compared with pure PLA.