海浪作用下的风力发电机组总体性能仿真

为研究海上风力发电机组在复杂多变且环境恶劣影响下整机的工作性能,使用仿真技术进行模拟分析.采用GDW动态入流理论进行风力机气动载荷计算分析,Airy线性波理论进行波浪载荷计算分析,建立风力机传动系统的MATLAB/simulink数学模型及ADAMS多柔体动力学模型,并将MATLAB/simulink控制系统模型同ADAMS进行风力机系统总体性能的联合仿真.对某厂家5 MW海上风力发电机的仿真数据同Bladed软件结果比较表明,该联合仿真方法可以较好地模拟风力机的总体性能.     

大方坯连铸机活动段支撑架工作可靠性的研究

为校核全新设计的大方坯连铸机活动段导辊支撑架的工作可靠性,根据活动段支撑架的实际工况进行载荷分类,以有限元数值分析软件为载体,分别计算活动段在设计工况下的动态拉坯阻力与动态铸坯鼓肚力,采用传统理论算法确定活动段的静载荷.以计算所得各载荷值为边界条件,对活动段支撑架进行应力仿真分析,分析结果发现该设计方案的不合理性并推翻了原设计,这为铸机活动段支架的力学分析计算提供了一种科学的校核方式,也为某钢铁厂能按期安全使用活动段支架提供了技术支撑.     

变速箱齿轮冲击性能分析方法的研究

对于各种车辆,其变速箱齿轮是最易受到冲击破坏的零件之一,齿轮的失效形式主要表现为多次冲击载荷下的弯曲疲劳破坏.汽车二档是汽车起步或行驶的常用档位,利用联合动力学软件AD-AMS和有限元软件ANSYS来研究典型的变速器二档齿轮啮合工况:可很好地模拟突然接合离合器的工况,并将仿真结果与经典设计公式进行对比,证明分析方法正确可靠.其分析系统可以快速得出试验结果,为开发先进的汽车传动系统提供可靠的试验数据,及时发现和解决设计的薄弱环节.     

能力谱与侧向荷载分布模式的关系

根据结构动力学理论证明了能力谱曲线的确定与侧向荷载分布模式间存在对应关系,指出对于不同的侧向荷载模式,应采用不同的能力谱曲线转化公式并给出了具体的表达式.分别采用本文方法、传统方法和弹塑性时程分析对一个六层钢筋混凝土框架结构进行了计算,证明了本文方法计算精度更高.利用该方法,采用多种侧向荷载模式对结构进行静力弹塑性分析,能将侧向位移反应可能范围限定得更小,使人们把握实际地震反应大小的准确性得以提高.     

基于ADAMS的锯片磨齿机拨齿机构接触仿真

通过在深入了解接触理论的基础上,针对锯片磨齿机的拨齿机构,在ADAMS中建立了该机构的虚拟样机,并根据机构的运动特性施加接触载荷,使其更加符合实际情况。在ADAMS中合理选择接触参数,通过仿真得到拨齿机构的力学参数和运动特性,达到了预期的目的。     

定宽压力机曲轴扭矩计算与在线测试

 定宽压力机具有调宽效率高、平面形状好的优点。曲轴是定宽机的关键部件之一,曲轴扭矩是进行定宽机结构设计和轧制工艺制定的一项重要参数。截至目前为止,仍未见到关于定宽机曲轴扭矩的理论与试验研究。为此,以走停式定宽机为研究对象,首先分析曲轴、连接臂和弧形板之间的相互运动关系,得到对应的简化机构;然后根据几何与力学关系得到曲轴扭矩的具体计算公式;最后通过在线测试对扭矩公式进行验证,为定宽机的设计和轧制工艺制定提供了重要的理论依据。     

多层LEMs性能与结构参数的关系

建立一多层LEMs柔顺机构的一般伪刚体模型.基于LET铰链等效弹簧刚度模型,推导出LEMs输入载荷和输出角位移的一般理论计算公式.分析了影响机构角位移输出的主要结构参数,以及相同载荷下这些参数对角位移输出的影响趋势.根据分析结果,对机构实例的结构尺寸参数设计了一组初始值.通过实例的理论计算与有限元仿真,分析得到机构的LET外铰链扭转片段长度和宽度尺寸变化对角位移和误差的不同影响效果.     

150t新型三点球面支撑型转炉的研究

国内外所采用的转炉支撑方式大多为三点球面支撑型式,该支撑形式具有较大的优越性。结合传统的力学分析计算方法,在对转炉运行工况详细了解的基础上,对可能作用于炉壳上的各种载荷进行逐一分析,以可能出现的最大载荷作为计算依据,分析计算炉壳整体综合应力,确定了炉壳在典型工况下的应力分布情况。根据上述情况,研究设计出了三点球面支撑型式的转炉。     

高炉开铁口机铰链磨损问题的仿真分析与优化设计

为解决KDIA型开铁口机旋转机构铰链的磨损失效问题,对机构的运动学和动力学仿真建立了机构综合分析平台并以组合磨损计算模型为基础计算相应磨损量.以减缓铰链磨损速度及减轻磨损不均为优化目标,以机构尺寸为设计变量,以不损失其他设计指标为约束条件进行优化设计.结果表明,通过调整设计尺寸以优化机构运动学和动力学性能,是解决传动精度降低、磨损失效等机构问题的有效途径.     

岩体工程地质动力学基本原理

本文简要介绍了岩体工程地质动力学的基本原理.文章认为岩体工程地质动力学的任务是揭示岩体与各类工程地质动力因素的作用规律,其主要研究内容包括:岩体物质和结构的动力学成因与特性,岩体赋存的地壳动力学环境,岩体的动力学行为与过程,以及岩体工程防灾原理等.岩体工程地质动力学的基本观点包括:岩体及其特性是地球动力学作用结果的"动力成因观"、岩体的工程行为是岩体与动力学环境相互作用结果的"动力作用观",以及工程地质防灾的基本途径是调节岩体与环境的相互作用过程的"过程调节观".文章在动力作用观的框架下,系统阐述了岩体的动力学成因与特性,岩体赋存的地壳动力学环境特征,岩体的基本力学行为,高地应力环境岩体特性与力学行为,岩体动力学响应,岩体中地下水的作用规律等.     

组合式飞剪剪臂优化设计

组合飞剪的特点是剪切机构即可以在曲柄模式下工作、也可以在回转模式下工作,在棒材生产线中应用比较广泛。但曲柄模式向回转模式转换时由于曲柄轴与剪头固定销轴之间接触面积小、冲击大而容易损坏。曲柄轴损坏后需要飞剪开箱更换,用时较长。针对此问题对组合式飞剪剪臂进行了优化设计改造,从而避免了因曲柄轴损坏造成的长时间设备停机。     

p-y Criterion for Rock Mass

Drilled shafts socketed in rock mass have been used frequently as a foundation system to support both vertical and lateral loads. Traditionally, the lateral interaction between the drilled shaft and the surrounding rock medium has been characterized by means of nonlinear p-y curves; however, there is a lack of well verified p-y criterion for rock mass. In this paper, a hyperbolic p-y criterion is developed based on both theoretical derivations and numerical (finite element) parametric analysis results. The methods for determining pertinent rock parameters needed for constructing the proposed p-y curves are presented in the paper. Two full-scale lateral load tests on large diameter, fully instrumented drilled shafts socketed in rock conducted by the writers, together with additional four load test results reported by Gabr et al. were used to validate the applicability of the proposed hyperbolic p-y curves for rock mass. The comparisons between the computed shaft responses (both deflections and bending moments) and the actual measured responses are considered acceptable.     

钢板桩轧制过程充型模拟及轧制力有限元分析

采用二辊可逆式轧机和万能轧机组轧制钢板桩(/%:0.12～0.22C、0.15～0.55Si、0.80～1,50Mn)。通过热模拟试验得出该钢在980～1 030℃、变形速率0.5～5.0-1 时的应力-应变曲线。借助ABAQUS软件,采用弹塑性有限元法对钢板桩轧制过程进行了三维热力耦合模拟。针对生产中出现的轧机过载问题,分析了轧制过程各道次的轧制力,通过改变相关道次孔型辊缝改善了充型和降低轧制力。     

稀土球墨铸铁曲轴断裂的分析

运用线弹性断裂力学理论研究柴油机稀土球墨铸铁曲轴断裂强度和寿命问题。曲轴断裂的主要原因在于曲柄臂与连杆轴颈过渡圆角处存在缺陷,这个位置的缺陷在疲劳扩展达到临界状态时便导致曲轴失稳断裂。根据断裂力学理论和实验分析,提出了降低断裂率的一些途径。     

Crank inertial load has little effect on steady-state pedaling coordination

Inertial load can affect the control of a dynamic system whenever parts of the system are accelerated or decelerated. During steady-state pedaling, because within-cycle variations in crank angular acceleration still exist, the amount of crank inertia present (which varies widely with road-riding gear ratio) may affect the within-cycle coordination of muscles. However, the effect of inertial load on steady-state pedaling coordination is almost always assumed to be negligible, since the net mechanical energy per cycle developed by muscles only depends on the constant cadence and workload. This study test the hypothesis that under steady-state conditions, the net joint torques produced by muscles at the hip, knee, and ankle are unaffected by crank inertial load. To perform the investigation, we constructed a pedaling apparatus which could emulate the low inertial load of a standard ergometer or the high inertial load of a road bicycle in high gear. Crank angle and bilateral pedal force and angle data were collected from ten subjects instructed to pedal steadily (i.e., constant speed across cycles) and smoothly (i.e., constant speed within a cycle) against both inertias at a constant workload. Virtually no statistically significant changes were found in the net hip and knee muscle joint torques calculated from an inverse dynamics analysis. Though the net ankle muscle joint torque, as well as the one- and two-legged crank torque, showed statistically significant increases at the higher inertia, the changes were small. In contrast, large statistically significant reductions were found in crank kinematic variability both within a cycle and between cycles (i.e., cadence), primarily because a larger inertial load means a slower crank dynamic response. Nonetheless, the reduction in cadence variability was somewhat attenuated by a large statistically significant increase in one-legged crank torque variability. We suggest, therefore, that muscle coordination during steady-state pedaling is largely unaffected, though less well regulated, when crank inertial load is increased.     

非均质土中海上风电单桩基础动力响应特性

采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了非均质土中海上风电单桩基础数值计算模型,将桩基础受到的波浪、洋流及风荷载等效成双向对称循环荷载,对水平循环荷载作用下桩身水平位移、桩身剪力、桩身弯矩和桩侧土抗力进行了研究,并对不同循环次数下桩身水平位移进行了对比分析。研究表明,桩身水平位移随时间变化逐渐累积,随着循环次数的增加,泥面处桩身最大位移发生的时间点滞后;桩身剪力出现负值;桩身弯矩最大值发生在浅层土体;桩身外壁土抗力曲线随时间的变化在埋深约2/3处出现分界点,分界点上下范围内土抗力变化规律正好相反,在淤泥土和粉砂土分界面处增加显著;不同时间点桩身内壁沿埋深承担的荷载基本不变。      

基于动载荷谱的齿轮弯曲疲劳寿命预测

为了探讨齿轮弯曲疲劳寿命计算问题,将齿轮疲劳总寿命分为两个阶段,即疲劳裂纹萌生寿命和裂纹扩展寿命.通过ADAMS软件仿真实验齿轮的工作情况,使其接近真实状况,得到齿轮载荷谱.根据齿轮载荷谱,利用有限元ANSYS软件分析在齿轮齿根危险截面处的最大应力.采用断裂力学、雨流法和Miner疲劳损伤累积模型,对考虑动载荷情况下的齿轮弯曲疲劳寿命进行预测,推导了齿根裂纹萌生期和扩展期的疲劳寿命计算公式.在高频疲劳试验机上对算例齿轮进行了双齿脉动加载齿根弯曲疲劳寿命实验研究,理论计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,验证了本文理论分析的正确性.     

板坯连铸动态轻压下模型的开发与应用

基于梅钢2号连铸机的装备条件和轻压下技术应用现状,研究了连铸板坯动态轻压下技术的关键工艺和工艺理论模型,开发了在线计算及控制模型和过程控制系统架构。开发应用的新系统较原系统相比：具有高可用性架构提高了系统的稳定性;扩展了新钢种的生产能力;为工艺工程师提供了办公室环境下的单机离线仿真条件;并具有在线修改轻压下和二冷配水控制参数功能。     

Numerical simulation on novel blast furnace operation of combining coke oven gas injection with hot burden charging

A novel blast furnace operation of coke oven gas (COG) injection simultaneously with hot burden charging has been proposed to solve the problem of insufficient heat in the BF shaft zone under the condition of COG injection and make full use of the abundant sensible heat of high temperature burden. In this paper, the novel process has been simulated with a multifluid blast furnace model. The results show that, in comparison with the operation of COG injection only, under the operation of COG injection together with hot burden charging, the temperature in the upper zone of the shaft increases while that in lower zone decreases. Furthermore, the reduction of iron bearing material is improved in the top zone, and the cohesive zone tends to descend and narrow. The coke ratio, fuel ratio and CO₂ emissions of the operation of charging hot pellet and coke with the temperature of 800°C are decreased by 4.0, 4.7 and 5.3% respectively, while the hot metal productivity is increased by 7.14%. Therefore, COG injection combined with hot burden charging operation not only increases temperature in the upper part of the blast furnace but also decreases energy consumption per tonne hot metal.