基于DBAU1500开发板的嵌入式Linux 引导程序的实现

简要说明了引导程序在嵌入式Linux系统开发中的重要作用；介绍了Linux引导程序的基本原理；描述了MIPS体系结构的重要特征及其应用；以AMD公司DBAU1500开发板为平台，详细说明了设计与实现一个基于MIPS体系结构的具有可移植性的嵌入式Linux引导程序的关键步骤。     

U-Boot在S3C2440上的分析与移植

Bootloader（引导加载程序）是嵌入式系统开发的重要环节,它使得操作系统和硬件平台联系起来,对嵌入式系统的后继软件开发十分重要。介绍了当前嵌入式开发中功能强大、稳定可靠的引导装载程序U-Boot的特点、移植的过程,并且实现了包括下载内核、yaffs文件系统和启动Linux的功能,利用相应的命令下载内核、yaffs文件系统和启动Linux,证实了所移植的U-Boot的正确性。     

基于ARM的嵌入式Linux系统构建

详细论述了在基于ARM920T核心的S3C2410平台上构建嵌入式Linux系统的过程,包括交叉开发环境的建立,引导加载程序U-Boot、Linux操作系统内核针对特定目标平台的移植,以及根文件系统的建立等。试验结果显示系统在目标平台上运行稳定、可靠,对其它嵌入式系统的开发具有参考意义。     

基于ARM和Linux的嵌入式平台的构建

首先介绍了嵌入式系统的概念,及相关硬件平台和软件版本。然后,主要介绍了嵌入式Linux的引导程序U-Boot的移植,以及开源、免费操作系统Linux2.6.32.2的移植。最后,构建了基于Nand Flash存储器的Yaffs2文件系统,利用BusyBox创建根文件系统。基于ARM和嵌入式Linux的嵌入式系统平台搭建基本完成,可以在此平台上添加更多驱动,以便更好地开发应用程序。     

嵌入式系统中Bootloader的设计与实现

随着越来越多的嵌入式设备研发中采用操作系统支持,必然要根据目标板设计引导程序(Bootloader),Linux由于其自身良好的性能被广泛地用在嵌入式系统中。该文以编写嵌入式Linux的引导程序为例,对嵌入式系统中Bootloader的设计、内核的重新编译以及Bootloader在嵌入式系统中的用法作了详细的叙述,对推动操作系统在嵌入式设备中的应用有很好的借鉴价值。     

基于MPC860启动引导程序研究与设计

启动引导程序是嵌入式程序的开头部分,它负责ES860的硬件初始化,载入操作系统内核,向内核传递参数信息,并将控制转交给内核,然后由内核软件再初始化操作系统,从而实现整个系统的启动;文中通过对Linux引导程序工作原理和机制的分析,介绍了在嵌入式Linux系统下基于MPC860的启动引导程序的设计方法,分析了CPU、存储器、ES860的初始化过程,结合对引导程序Uboot的源代码讨论,提出了一个在ES860开发平台上实现的引导程序,对引导过程的第一阶段和第二阶段以及相应的源程序都作了详细的分析,对源程序的调试和固化过程也作了简要讨论.     

定制嵌入式Linux系统的启动程序

嵌入式系统的特点决定了它具有功能的专用性,而不能作为一种通用的计算机系统。基于Linux操作系统开发嵌入式产品,必须对它的启动程序进行定制。本文研究了Linux操作系统的启动过程,并给出了如何为嵌入式Linux系统添加用户自己的启动服务,以及指定开机后运行的主功能程序的方法。     

基于PXA270与LAN91C111的系统引导程序移植与实现

为了实现嵌入式Linux操作系统在PXA270上的移植与应用,要求设计嵌入式引导程序。引导程序软件设计的重点和难点是内核和文件系统的下载与加载。文中通过网络传输实现下载功能,网卡芯片选用LAN91C111,设计了PXA270与该网卡芯片的硬件连接,数据接收与发送的软件流程,并借助网络数据监控软件对传输数据进行监控,保证了软件设计的正确性。详细分析了内核的加载过程与软件设计方法,实现了Linux操作系统的正常启动。该引导程序已成功运行于PXA270平台,可提供类似系统开发的直接借鉴。     

基于S5PV210的U-boot分析与移植

介绍嵌入式系统开发中功能强大、稳定可靠的引导装载程序(Bootloader)在基于CotexA8微处理器的S5PV210上的移植.详细叙述包括启动流程、移植分析与移植步骤,并且实现包括内核装载、ysffs2根文件系统加载等功能.最后利用写入U-Boot启动参数自行通过TFTP方式装载内核和NFS方式加载根文件系统,最终启动嵌入式Linux系统,证实了所移植的U-Boot在处理器S5PV210上引导启动Linux的可行性.     

基于PowerPC 8247的嵌入式Linux系统开发

介绍了嵌入式PowerPC处理器芯片MPC8247的主要特征。着重阐述了如何在PowerPC处理器（以MPC8247为例）上开发嵌入式Linux系统,主要包括系统总体设计、编译环境开发、目标系统配置、调试环境建立、系统引导模块U-Boot修改、内核移植以及文件系统的构建等。基于PowerPC处理器的嵌入式Linux系统提供了一个小体积、低功耗、具有丰富接口的开发平台,在此平台上可以进行嵌入式Linux系统相关项目的验证,延伸和可行性研究。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.