泸州酒曲害虫种群生物学特性研究

研究结果表明,酒曲害虫种群均存在明显的越冬现象.越冬的主要场所为曲库,冬后残留虫为次年发生的重要虫源.酒曲害虫的重要种群都具有较强的趋光性、对频振式灭虫灯趋性最强及午后从曲库飞出的库外空中群集飞翔性.     

曲虫治理研究

酒曲害虫造成大曲损失可达10％～15％。曲虫治理措施：1．计划生产大曲，减少陈曲。2．曲库、曲房、粉碎车间的通风门窗加装40～60目的纱网。3．使用药剂处理曲库、曲房环境。通过治理，成品曲损失降低了7％，成品曲的糖化力提高了80％。     

大曲害虫的发生、危害及治理

大曲内生存的酒曲害虫有大谷盗、咖啡豆象、赤拟谷盗、米象等.酒曲害虫的发生主要来自于大曲发酵后的降温期、曲库贮存期等.主要危害是影响大曲的产量、质量和周围环境,使曲块糖化力、液化力下降.采取的防治措施有:①加强曲库卫生管理;②合理计划生产,减少酒曲库存;③制订并严格遵守制曲工艺;④诱光灯捕杀;⑤使用药剂防治,包括喷洒化学药剂、生物杀虫荆等.     

高温大曲贮存过程中部分理化指标与微生物群落演替变化规律研究

在传统白酒生产上非常强调使用陈曲,但在大曲贮存过程中会受到曲虫危害，曲库成本会随着贮存时间的延长而增加。本实验以成品曲库中贮存的白云边高温大曲为研究对象，对部分理化指标及微生物生长情况进行统计分析，初步揭示了高温大曲在贮存过程中理化指标变化规律与微生物生长情况的关系。通过研究发现，随着贮存时间的延长，大曲水分变化不大，维持在11%左右；糖化力和酶活先增加后降低，糖化力和酶活与大曲中霉菌含量呈正相关性；在大曲中难以检测到酵母菌；细菌数量减少。     

爽快过瘾 西北风味

<正>曾经丝绸之路的繁荣为西北人沉淀下悠久的特色饮食文化,于是粗犷的面食、大快朵颐成为大家对西北菜的第一印象。西北菜在中国饮食文化中的重要性就像西北民歌在中国曲库的地位一样,不可或缺,无法动摇。西北菜包括甘肃、宁夏、青海、新疆等地方风味,以甘肃菜具有代表性。     

酒曲害虫的发生、危害与大曲生产周期的关系研究

结合酒曲生产周期研究了酒曲发生害虫的危害过程及大曲贮存时间与害虫量、危害损失程度的关系。研究结果表明,危害新曲的虫源主要来自于曲库。曲虫从大曲高温发酵后的保温排潮期开始入侵危害,曲库贮存期发生危害最严重。在贮存期的前４个月,曲早数量上升,随后逐渐减少。曲早危害损失随贮存的时间而增加。     

麦曲库的管理与曲虫防治的措施

麦曲库的管理与曲虫防治的措施晁玉锦山东日照市酒厂（２７６８００）关键词麦曲，曲库管理，曲虫，治理，药剂触杀曲虫是指危害酿酒用曲的有害昆虫，其种类繁多，品种各异，因此我们统称为曲虫。我们常见的曲虫有：土耳其扁谷盗、咖啡豆象、药材甲、黄斑露尾甲、赤拟谷盗...     

土耳其扁谷盗综合防治技术之初步研究

这是本刊发表西北农大和西凤酒厂合撰有关曲虫防治的第五篇文章。本文通过试验研究了危害酒曲最严重的害虫之一土耳其扁谷盗综合防治技术。研究结果表明,曲房、曲库安装纱窗、纱门阻隔,清扫和结合清糠,利用酒曲发酵过程中曲房高温或其它高温措施均有很好的防治效果;同时证实磷化铝、氰化钾、2.5％凯素灵可湿性粉剂和2.5％增效敌杀死乳油等四种化学药剂均有很强的熏杀或触杀作用。该成果于1990年4月通过了鉴定。     

酒曲害虫综合治理

在大曲酒厂中为害曲块的害虫,俗称“酒曲害虫”,以往白酒生产在小作坊手工业生产方式下,产量小,曲虫为害不明显。现在,制曲量大幅度上升,大曲贮存量加大,加之缺乏科学管理,致使曲虫大量发生,严重影响曲块的重量和质量。特别在每年7～9月份种群发生高峰期,成虫在厂区内到处飞舞,扰乱工人的生产、生活环境。因此,尽快防治曲虫已成为迫切的要求。但至今国内外仅有关于为害酒曲害虫种类的报导,对于曲虫的发生规律、防治途径与方法均尚无研究。为此,我们于1988～1990年在江苏洋河酒厂开展了有关酒曲害虫的系统研究。一酒曲害虫种类调查在江苏洋河酒厂的粮食仓库,制曲车间、曲房、曲库、粉碎车间、酿酒车间等环境     

热风干燥大曲在贮存期细菌群落结构的变化

本文通过高通量测序技术对热风干燥大曲在贮存期细菌群落结构进行研究,旨在探究热风干燥对大曲在贮存期细菌群落结构的影响。研究发现,热风干燥大曲随着贮存时间的增加细菌丰富度呈先增后减,而细菌群落多样性随着贮存时间在增加。大曲中Firmicutes(厚壁菌门)为绝对优势菌门,Weissella(魏斯氏菌属)为绝对优势菌属。热风干燥大曲于曲库贮存能促进Staphylococcus(葡萄球菌属)细菌的生长,而对Lactobacillus(乳杆菌属)细菌的生长有一定的抑制作用,于实验室贮存对Kroppenstedtia属和Bacillus(芽孢杆菌属)细菌的生长有促进作用。随着贮存时间的增加,实验室贮存能使热风干燥大曲的Paenibacillus(类芽孢杆菌属)、Pseudogracilibacillus(假纤细芽孢杆菌属)、Kroppenstedtia和Melghirimyces(迈勒吉尔霉菌属)细菌的丰度进一步提升。随着大曲贮存时间的增加,于曲库贮存的热风干燥大曲细菌数量趋于稳定。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press