CaO—SiO2—P2O5—H2O系统中CBC材料的溶胶—凝胶过程研究：I.溶胶的形…

以溶胶－凝胶方法制备ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－Ｐ２Ｏ５－Ｈ２Ｏ系统中ＣＢＣ材料工艺流程为基础，利用ＸＲＤ，ＩＲ及固体核磁共振（＾２９Ｓｉ，＾３１Ｐ－ＮＭＲ）等测试方法研究了溶胶的形成及溶胶－凝胶转变过程中的物相变化及物相间发生的化学反应，结果表明，在多组分溶胶的形成过程，由Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２．４Ｈ２Ｏ和Ｈ３ＰＯ４反应生成Ｃａ２Ｏ２Ｏ７和Ｃａ１０（ＰＯ４）６（ＯＨ）２（羟基磷灰石，简写为ＯＨＡｐ，下同），两者     

1—甲氧基—4—烷氧基苯的合成及表征

用对甲氧苯酚（ＭＯＰｈ）,Ｈ（ＣＨ２）ｎＢｒ（ｎ＝２,４,７,８,１０）和ＣＨ３ＯＮａ／ＣＨ３ＯＨ在Ｎ２气保护下回流反应１６ｈ得到相应的１－甲氧基－４－烷氧基醚,产物结构由ＩＲ和＾ＨＮＭＲ来确定,讨论了各种反应条件对产率的影响。     

甲基丙烯酸季铵盐酯的合成及其共聚物乳液的抗静电性能

用不同碳链长度（Ｃ４，Ｃ８，Ｃ１０，Ｃ１２，Ｃ１６）的溴代正烷烃对甲基丙烯酸Ｎ，Ｎ′－二甲氨基乙酯（ＤＭＡＥＭＡ）进行季铵化，制得了相应的季铵盐（ＣｎＮ＾＋），并用熔点和＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ鉴定了它们的纯度；通过与丙烯丁酯（ＢＡ），苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）的无皂乳液共聚，制得了ＢＡ－Ｓｔ－Ｃ１６Ｎ＾＋三元共聚物乳液，织物涂敷试验表明，稀释乳液是一种良好的永久性抗静电剂。     

CaO—SiO2—P2O5—H2O系统中CBC材料的溶胶—凝胶过程研究：II.凝胶的…

利用ＸＲＤ，ＩＲ，ＳＥＭ及＾２９Ｓｉ，＾３１Ｐ－ＮＭＲ等测试技术研究了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－Ｐ２Ｏ５－Ｈ２Ｏ系统中干凝胶在烧成过程中的物相变化及物相间发生的化学反应，认为凝胶在烧成过程的不同阶段发生的主要化学反应如下：（１）６７３～７７３Ｋ，由Ｃａ２Ｐ２Ｏ７和Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２．４Ｈ２Ｏ反应生成了ＯＨＡｐ；（２）７３３～８７３Ｋ，由Ｃａ２Ｐ２Ｏ７和ＣａＯ反应生成了β－Ｃ３Ｐ；（３）８７３～９７３Ｋ；由Ｃ     

含有弱金属-氮键的磷钼酸有机衍生物的研究

［（ＥＤＴＢ）Ｍ］（ＣＨ３ＣＯＯ）２和Ｈ３ＰＭｏ１２Ｏ４０在无水乙醇中反应得到［（ＥＤＴＢ）Ｍ］（ＨＰＭｏ１２Ｏ４０）,Ｍ为Ｃｕ、Ｃｏ,ＥＤＴＢ为Ｎ,Ｎ,Ｎ′,Ｎ′－四［（２－苯并咪唑）甲基］－１,２－乙二胺。测定了它们的ＩＲ、ＨＮＭＲ、紫外－可见光谱和元素分析以及对酯化和乙酸环己酯热消除反应的催化活性。     

TMS—GC法和^31P—NMR及^29Si—NMR法研究CaO—SiO2—P2O5—H2O系统材料的…

探索了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－Ｐ２Ｏ５－Ｈ２Ｏ系统中的化学结合材料的强度发展情况，其最在劈裂抗拉强度可达３８．２ＭＰａ。用ＴＭＳ－ＧＣ法和＾３１Ｐ－ＮＭＲ及＾２９Ｓｉ－ＮＭＲ法综合研究了这种新型凝材料的水化性能，并将其和β－Ｃ２Ｓ及Ｃ３Ｓ的测试结果进行了比较，发现这种ＣＢＣ材料水化后，出发Ｑ＾３．Ｑ＾４状态的「ＳｉＯ４」聚合体，说明其水化过程及水化机理可能与β－Ｃ２Ｓ及Ｃ３Ｓ的水化这 同，初步认为这是由     

新试剂2-[2''''-(6''''-取代苯并噻唑)偶氮]-5-二甲氨基苯甲酸的合成及其光度特性的研究

合成了６种２－［２＇－（６’－取代苯并噻唑）偶氮］－５－二甲氨基苯甲酸（６－Ｒ－ＢＴＡＭＢ，其中Ｒ＝ＣＨ３，ＯＣＨ３，Ｃｌ，Ｂｒ，ＣＨ３ＳＯ２，ＮＯ２）新试齐４。初步研究了６－ＣＨ３－ＢＴＡＭＢ与Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）、Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）、Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）、Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）和Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）等离子的络合显色反应的光度特性。     

酸法加工硼镁石矿中三个三元体系溶解度测定

测定了２５℃、１００℃Ｈ３ＢＯ３－ＭｇＣｌ２－Ｈ２Ｏ,Ｈ３ＢＯ３－ＭｇＳＯ４－Ｈ２Ｏ,Ｈ３ＢＯ３－Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２－Ｈ２Ｏ三个体系的溶解度,并绘制了相图。     

丙烯酸丁酯—St—甲基丙烯酰氧乙基正十六烷基二甲基溴化铵无皂乳液…

考察了季铵盐单体的乳化能力、甲基丙烯酸忽盛 基正十六烷基二甲基溴化铵（Ｃ１６Ｎ）用量等对丙烯酸丁酯－苯乙烯－Ｃ１６Ｎ共聚物乳液性能的影响，测定了共聚物乳 抗静电性能。结果表明，共聚物乳液具有优良的抗静电性能，处理的合成纤维织物经５次水洗后，其放电半衰期均不大于２－３ｓ。     

丙烯酸丁酯_St_甲基丙烯酰氧乙基正十六烷基二甲基溴化铵无皂乳液共聚合

考察了季铵盐单体的乳化能力、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基正十六烷基二甲基溴化铵（Ｃ１６Ｎ＋）用量等对丙烯酸丁酯－苯乙烯－Ｃ１６Ｎ＋共聚物乳液性能的影响,测定了共聚物乳液的抗静电性能。结果表明,共聚物乳液具有优良的抗静电性能,处理的合成纤维织物经５次水洗后,其放电半衰期均不大于２～３ｓ。     

Aspects of coagulation during emulsion polymerization of styrene and vinyl acetate

The influence of recipe and process conditions on the coagulation behavior of polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) latices has been studied. Seeded batch experiments reveal a significant influence of electrolyte concentration on the coagulation behavior of both PS and PVAc latices. Within the experimental error, no dependency of the coagulation behavior on process conditions, in terms of energy dissipation, reactor scale, impeller type, and impeller diameter, has been observed for the reactor scales investigated. These results indicate that intrinsic chemical influences such as electrolyte concentration dominate the coagulation behavior during emulsion polymerization and also in the absence of polymerization over the process conditions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 2409–2421, 1998     

阳离子型全氟丙烯酸酯无皂乳液的合成及性能

以全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯(FEA)为含氟单体,以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为阳离子单体,采用无皂乳液聚合方法合成了阳离子型全氟丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液.分析了FEA含量对涂膜性能的影响,讨论了DMC用量对聚合转化率、涂膜吸水率以及乳胶粒粒径大小的影响;利用FT-IR和X-射线衍射分析(XRD)对共聚物乳液进行了表征,结果表明,当FEA和DMC质量分数分别为7.1%和12%时,涂膜的吸水率最小,仅为3.75%,乳胶粒平均粒径为65 nm.随着FEA量的增加,共聚物膜的硬度减小,拉伸强度增加,断裂伸长率降低;XRD分析显示全氟丙烯酸酯无皂乳液具有好的结晶性.     

Effect of particle structure on the peel strength and heat resistance properties of vinyl acetate/acrylate latexes laminating adhesives

The concept of using particle structure design to prepare emulsion laminating adhesives (LAs) for improving both the peel strength and heat resistance properties has been investigated. The homogeneous particle latices based on vinyl acetate/acrylate copolymer (samples 1–3) were synthesized by seeded semicontinuous emulsion polymerization with different chain transfer agent (CTA) contents but with no functional monomers, while the core‐shell structure crosslinkable latices (samples 4 and 5) were prepared through multistage polymerization technique. The emulsion particle structure was investigated by TEM and particle size analyzer. The results indicate that the average emulsion particle diameter is about 130 nm and the particles grow without secondary nucleation. Samples 1 and 2 prepared with 0.7 and 0.5 phm (per hundred gram monomer) CTA respectively, show high peel strength but poor heat resistance property. On the contrary, the sample 3 prepared with 0.1‐phm CTA exhibits low peel strength but relatively good heat resistance. However, sample 4, which was synthesized with 0.5‐phm CTA and 0.4‐phm acetoacetoxy ethyl methacrylate (AAEM) in core but 0.5‐phm CTA and 0.6‐phm AAEM in shell stages, shows high peel strength (1032.9 g/in.) and good heat resistance property (524.9 g/in.). In addition, sample 5 also demonstrates high peel strength (987.2 g/in.) and good heat resistance property (643.5 g/in.) when it was synthesized using 0.1‐phm CTA but no AAEM in core, 0.36‐phm CTA and 0.75‐phm AAEM in shell stages. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Synthesis and properties of grafted latices from a soybean oil‐based waterborne polyurethane and acrylics

A novel soybean oil‐based vinyl‐containing waterborne polyurethane (VPU) dispersion has been successfully synthesized from toluene 2,4‐diisocyanate, dimethylol propionic acid and a 90 : 10 mixture of chlorinated soybean oil‐based polyol and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO). Then, a series of VPU/acrylic grafted latices have been prepared by emulsion graft copolymerization of acrylic monomers (40 wt % butyl acrylate and 60 wt % methyl methacrylate) in the presence of the VPU dispersion, using potassium persulfate as an initiator. The structure, morphology, and thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting latices, containing 15–60 wt % soybean oil‐based polyols as a renewable resource, have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid state ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, and mechanical testing. The results indicate that graft copolymerization of the acrylic monomers onto the VPU network occurs during emulsion polymerization, leading to a significant increase in the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the resulting miscible grafted latices. This work provides new environmentally‐friendly latices from a renewable resource with high performance for coating applications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

壳层含硅的丙烯酸酯核壳乳液研究

以半连续滴加法制备壳层含γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧基 ) -丙基三甲氧基硅烷的丙烯酸酯核 -壳乳液。探讨了聚合条件对聚合反应的影响 ,并确定了最佳聚合条件。以红外光谱 (IR)、热分析仪 (TGA、DSC)、动态表面能分析仪、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)表征乳胶的性质及结构。     

Emulsifier-free synthesis of monodisperse core–shell polymer colloids containing chloromethyl groups

Both the synthesis of m,p-trimethyl(vinylbenzyl) ammonium chloride (TMVBAC) and the synthesis of polymer colloids consisting of a shell of poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) grafted onto a well-defined, monodisperse poly(styrene–divinylbenzene) core are described. The preparation of the polymer latices consists of a sequence of different emulsifier-free emulsion polymerizations. First, monodisperse poly(styrene–divinylbenzene) seed latices, with 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AIBA·2HCl) as cationic initiator, are prepared under batch conditions. These latices are used for the seeded polymerization of divinylbenzene (DVB), in order to synthesize monodisperse particles, with a well-defined spherical shape, which contain a sufficient amount of pendant vinyl groups for grafting of the vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) monomer. After the graft polymerization, the chloromethyl groups can easily be modified with a postpolymerization reaction. As an example, the amination with trimethylamine (TMA) is described. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Ionic autocrosslinking of water-based polymer latices: A new concept of acid–base interaction occurring upon film formation

Latices of the terpolymer styrene/butyl acrylate/acido-basic monomer, the monomer having either a basic chemical group or an acidic chemical group, were separately prepared by free-radical emulsion polymerization using the nonionic surfactant poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) as steric stabilizer. The basic polymer latices were prepared using 1, 3 or 5% of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, whereas the acidic polymer latices were prepared using 1, 3 or 5% of acrylic acid (mol% relative to conventional monomers, styrene and butyl acrylate). Blends of the basic and the acidic polymer latices were prepared by simply mixing equal molar quantities of basic and acidic latices. The resulting blends were stable as the steric stabilization prevented unlike particles from colliding. Upon film formation, coalescence of the particles took place, with formation of ionic clusters due to proton exchange from the acidic monomer units to the basic monomer units of neighbouring unlike particles. This constitutes a reversible ionic crosslinking at the periphery of neighbouring particles, which affects the various film properties to different extents.     

High solids content emulsions. IV. Improved strategies for producing concentrated latices

A new means of producing high solids content latices with low viscosity is presented. The replacement of water‐soluble initiators that decompose to give charged free radicals is shown to perturb the stability of highly concentrated latices. Their replacement by an oil‐soluble initiator during particle growth, then by an activated, water‐soluble system to remove residual monomer has been shown to help significantly reduce the number of stable particles generated by homogeneous nucleation. Latices with 73% (v/v) solids have been produced with a bimodal particle size distribution (PSD) consisting of 900 and 110 nm particles. The viscosity of these latices can be as low as 300 mPa s^?1 at 20 s^?1. Despite the presence of water‐soluble monomers, excellent control over the evolution of the PSD allows one to obtain highly reproducible results. In addition, latices produced with the new initiator system have a much lower water uptake and their viscosity is much less sensitive to changes in pH than is the case for latices produced using standard emulsion polymerization techniques. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 1935–1948, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10514     

Studies on the preparation of stable and high solid content emulsifier‐free latexes and characterization of the obtained copolymers for MMA/BA system with the addition of AHPS

3‐Allyloxy‐2‐hydroxyl‐propanesulfonic (AHPS) salt was synthesized and used as a hydrophilic comonomer for the methyl methacrylate (MMA) and n‐butyl acrylate (BA) emulsifier‐free emulsion copolymerization system to obtain latices of stable and high‐solid content. Properties of the latices, such as flow behavior, stability, and final diameter of the latex particles were studied. In addition, physical properties of the obtained copolymers, such as glass transition temperature (T_g), stress–strain behavior, and water resistance were investigated. With the addition of AHPS, the latices of stable and high‐solid content (as high as 60%) were prepared. Flow of the latices follows the law of the Bingham body. The final diameter of the latex particles is 0.3–0.5 μm in diameter, which is larger than that of the conventional latex particles and decreases with the increase of AHPS and potassium persulfate (KPS) concentration. All the copolymers are atactic polymers, showed as single T_g on dynamic mechanical analysis spectrum. Compared with the copolymers that were prepared by surfactant emulsion polymerization, tensile strength, as well as water resistance is greatly improved. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 21–28, 2001     

Gemini乳化剂对St/MMA纳米阳离子乳液的影响

以苯乙烯(St)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为主单体、偶氮二异丁基脒盐酸盐(AIBA)为引发剂,加入少量双子乳化剂C16H31N+(CH3)2(CH2)6N+(CH3)2C16H31].2Br(-G16-6-16)和阳离子功能性单体甲基丙烯酰氧三甲基氯化铵(DMC),采用常规乳液聚合法制备了稳定的纳米阳离子聚合物乳液,探讨了G16-6-16和DMC用量对St/MMA纳米阳离子乳液聚合的影响。结果表明:随着G16-6-16用量和DMC用量的增加,乳胶粒子的粒径减小,所得的乳液是性能优良的纸张表面施胶剂。