高密度聚乙烯/聚烯烃弹性体/三元乙丙橡胶热塑性弹性体的结构与性能

采用动态硫化法制备了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)热塑性弹性体(TPV),并在基体中添加聚烯烃弹性体(POE)以改善其性能.对所制得的TPV的力学性能、微观相结构和动态黏弹行为进行了研究.结果表明,当HDPE/EPDM(质量比)为40/60时,HDPE/EPDM TPV表现出良好的综合性能;用POE...     

丁基橡胶再生胶／聚丙烯热塑性弹性体的制备工艺及性能研究

利用动态硫化法制备丁基橡胶再生胶/聚丙烯热塑性弹性体(RIIR/PP TPV),考察了动态硫化工艺路线、共混比及硫化体系对TPV性能的影响,研究了动态硫化曲线及TPV的微观形态.结果表明:采用橡塑预混法制备的弹性体性能较好.当橡塑比(质量比)为60/40,SP-1055为6份时.弹性体的综合力学性能较好.断面形貌的扫描照片显示,TPV中两相相容性较好,界面接合强度大.     

硅橡胶/TPU动态硫化热塑性弹性体的配方和加工工艺的研究

以热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)和有机硅橡胶(SIR)为基体,通过Hakke密炼机采用动态硫化的方法制备了热塑性弹性体(TPV)。研究了不同制备条件下得到的TPV的性能。结果表明,TPU/SIR共混物质量比为50∶50、密炼机加工温度为180℃、转速为70 r/min、硫化时间为4 min时,TPV的加工性能、力学性能、毛细管流变性能和微观形态达到一个较好的平衡点。     

动态硫化丁腈橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性弹性体的耐油性能

研究了不同相容剂、硫化体系、增塑剂以及成型温度对动态硫化丁腈橡胶／聚丙烯热塑性弹性体(NBR／PPTPV)耐油性能的影响。结果表明,当端氨基液体丁腈橡胶(ATBN)为5份,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MP)为10份时,ATBN／MP增容的TPV具有优异的耐油性能;酚醛树脂硫化TPV的耐油性能比过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、溴化树脂硫化的TPV都要优越;聚酯增塑TPV的耐油性能优于邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)增塑的TPV;热成型温度对TPV的耐油性能影响不大。     

硫化和增塑对ACM/PP类 TPV微观结构和性能的影响

选用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（MP）作为丙烯酸酯橡胶（ACM）/聚丙烯（PP）热塑性硫化橡胶（TPV）的相容剂,研究了三巯基均三嗪（TCY）和过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）不同硫化体系和硫化剂含量,以及邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（DOP）增塑剂,对TPV微观结构和物理性能的影响。结果表明,DCP比TCY硫化体系的作用效果好,当采用2份（质量份,下同）DCP时,制备的TPV微观相态结构和拉伸、撕裂性能最佳,压缩永久变形和耐油性良好;增塑剂DOP的加入降低了TPV的肖A硬度,增加了TPV的弹性;当DOP含量为30份时,TPV具有较好的相态结构,在有效降低其硬度的同时,力学性能、耐油性和弹性保持相对较好。     

微纳层叠挤出技术制备NBR/PP热塑性弹性体及其性能研究

采用PP-g-MAH(马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯)作为相容剂,在PP-g-MAH和PP(聚丙烯)的共混物中当相容剂质量分数为5%、10%、15%的条件下,结合微纳层叠挤出技术制备了15组TPV(热塑性硫化胶)。采用普通共混的方法制备了对比的TPV样品。使用万能拉力试验机对所有样品进行了力学性能测试,使用扫描电子显微镜对TPV进行了表征,研究了TPV的力学性能和螺杆转速、温度间的关系。结果表明:随着温度的上升,TPV的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率都得到了提升,在PP-g-MAH质量分数为15%、温度为200℃、螺杆转速为250 r/min时,制备的TPV力学性能表现最好,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为5.39 MPa、287.31%,断裂伸长率比同样条件下采用普通共混方法制备的热塑性弹性体提高15.58%。     

TPV及PP-g-MAH对回收PET的改性研究

以马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)为相容剂,回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(rPET)为基体材料,动态硫化热塑性弹性体(TPV)为增韧材料,制备了rPET/TPV/PP-g-MAH共混物。用SEM、DMA及DSC分析了TPV及PP-g-MAH对rPET断面结构、储能模量和结晶性能的影响,并测试了共混物的力学性能。结果表明:加入9.95%TPV后,rPET/TPV共混物的熔融温度下降了2.33℃,结晶温度提高了2.82℃,断裂伸长率及缺口冲击强度明显提高,弯曲强度和拉伸强度略有下降;加入PP-g-MAH后,TPV球状粒子嵌入rPET基体材料中,共混物的相容性提高,储能模量明显增大,刚性增强,弯曲强度和拉伸强度有所提高;与纯rPET相比,含1.8%PP-g-MAH的rPET/TPV/PP-g-MAH共混物的断裂伸长率提高了129.06%,缺口冲击强度提高了47.02%。     

PP/EVA/胶粉热塑性弹性体的制备及性能研究

制备聚丙烯(PP)/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)/胶粉热塑性弹性体(TPV),研究胶粉改性剂201酚醛树脂、松香、橡胶活化剂450、橡胶再生剂RV,相容剂聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)用量,以及EVA/胶粉共混比对TPV性能的影响。结果表明:与采用未改性胶粉相比,采用改性胶粉制得的TPV拉伸强度、拉断伸长率和撕裂强度增大;当PP-g-MAH用量为5份、EVA/胶粉共混比为15/45时,TPV的综合性能较好。     

CaCO_3对EPDM/PP热塑性弹性体性能的影响

在双螺杆挤出机上采用动态硫化的方法制备CaCO3改性三元乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯(EPDM/PP)共混型热塑性弹性体(TPV),研究了CaCO3添加量对热塑性弹性体拉伸性能、流动性能和邵氏A硬度的影响,并对材料进行热失重分析、差示扫描量热分析以及X射线衍射分析。结果表明:CaCO3对TPV有增强的作用,随着CaCO3含量的增加,热塑性弹性体的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率有很大提高,当CaCO3质量分数为9%时,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、100%定伸应力与邵氏A硬度达到最大值,随后逐渐降低;CaCO3的加入增加了TPV的流动性,使其热稳定性提高,结晶温度降低,使PP的β(300)晶面消失。     

CaSO_4晶须对EPDM/PP热塑性弹性体相态结构和力学性能的影响

研究了硫酸钙晶须的加入对以三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和聚丙烯(PP)为基体材料的动态硫化热塑性弹性体(TPV)相态结构及力学性能的影响。采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)分析了EPDM/PP的结晶性能,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析研究了TPV的微观相态结构,利用万能实验机等对其力学性能进行测试,并研究了TPV的耐热老化性能以及耐油性能。结果表明,经硅烷偶联剂处理过的硫酸钙晶须能与基体材料形成较好的界面包覆结构,其添加量为11%时,TPV的结晶温度提高了3.2℃,EPDM交联颗粒粒径最小,EPDM/PP的耐老化性能和耐油性能最好;当硫酸钙晶须添加量为8%时,压缩永久变形最小。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997