一种面向方面软件体系结构模型*

为了分离软件系统中的核心关注点和横切关注点,通过引入面向方面软件开发的思想设计了一种面向方面软件体系结构模型,并详细分析了该模型的三个基本构成单元,即构件、连接件和方面构件。最后通过一个网上支付实例验证了该模型具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。     

A decentralized architecture for software process modeling andenactment

Many development teams, especially distributed teams, require process support to adequately coordinate their complex, distributed work practices. Process modeling and enactment tools have been developed to meet this requirement. The authors discuss the Serendipity-II process management environment which supports distributed process modeling and enactment for distributed software development projects. Serendipity-II is based on a decentralized architecture and uses Internet communication facilities     

基于未确知集—贝叶斯网络的构件软件体系可靠性模型

将未确知集理论和贝叶斯网络应用于军事信息系统软件可靠性建模研究,采用其描述软构件失效特征,计算可靠性参数,并在此基础上构建了一个基于未确知集—贝叶斯网络的军事信息系统软件可靠性模型。该模型实现了对构件软件体系全过程的可靠性跟踪和监控。仿真试验验证了该模型的实用性和有效性。     

An aspect‐oriented software architecture for code mobility

Mobile agents have come forward as a technique for tackling the complexity of open distributed applications. However, the pervasive nature of code mobility implies that it cannot be modularized using only object‐oriented (OO) concepts. In fact, developers frequently evidence the presence of mobility scattering in their system's modules. Despite these problems, they usually rely on OO application programming interfaces (APIs) offered by the mobility platforms. Such classical API‐oriented designs suffer a number of architectural restrictions, and there is a pressing need for empowering developers with an architectural framework supporting a flexible incorporation of code mobility in the agent applications. This work presents an aspect‐oriented software architecture, called ArchM, ensuring that code mobility has an enhanced modularization and variability in agent systems, and is straightforwardly introduced in otherwise stationary agents. It addresses OO APIs' restrictions and is independent of specific platforms and applications. An ArchM implementation also overcomes fine‐grained problems related to mobility tangling and scattering at the implementation level. The usefulness and usability of ArchM are assessed within the context of two case studies and through its composition with two mobility platforms. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Visual modeling for scientific software architecture design. A practical approach

This paper presents the problem of Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction with the help of a unified, modern MDA approach. Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) constitutes a modern and unusually efficient method of improving the process of generating software. It was created at the beginning of the twenty-first century by the Object Management Group as an element of Model-Driven Development, a highly promoted trend in software engineering. In MDA a viewpoint on a system is a technique for abstraction using a selected set of architectural concepts and structuring rules, in order to focus on particular concerns within a system. In MDA, system design begins with defining the problem domain. Next, at a highly abstract level—independent of the system and programming platform—a Platform-Independent Model (PIM) is constructed as well as a general system specification. This specification is created with the help of Unified Modeling Language. The real implementation of the system is performed through the transformation of PIM to Platform-Specific Model (PSM). The essence of Model-Driven Architecture is the replacement of the twentieth century approach to programming, calling that “everything is an object”, to the modern—“everything is a model”.     

A distributed adaptable software architecture derived from a component model

Today, Information Systems (IS) are often distributed and heterogeneous. Thus, software systems become more and more complex and their evolution is difficult to manage. Our works deal with engineering of heterogeneous distributed systems based on reuse. Such systems need a distributed adaptable software architecture to be implemented. In this paper, we propose a Model Driven Architecture (MDA)-inspired approach for developing adaptable software. First, we briefly present the component paradigm in which we place our works. Then, we position our component model with regards to related works. In our component model, the interface of the component is described by the way of points of interaction. These points are used to manage different types of interactions between components. The components and the interactions make up a new core model. From our core model, we can build an application model represented by a graph of interactions allowing the integration of the reused components. We finish with the implementation of the application model, thanks to the distributed adaptable software architecture. Each part of this paper is illustrated with a concrete case, the European Aero user-friendly SIMulation-based dIstance Learning (ASIMIL) project.     

基于软件体系结构的可复用构件模型

在分析了构件间各种操作的基础上,将软件体系结构的概念引入现有的构件模型,用于对复合构件进行描述,从而改进了现有的构件模型,给出了一种基于软件体系结构的可复用构件模型,并给出了该模型的应用.     

A new approach for component’s port modeling in software architecture

The component’s interaction points with the external world play a fundamental role in the specification of an application’s architecture. Current software architecture approaches consider an interaction point as an atomic element in the specification of interconnections, despite the complexity of its structure and the attached behavior. It is not possible in current component models to deal separately with an element of an interaction point when such an element is needed alone for specifying a specific logic. To support such logic and the specification of a wide range of early ideas in the process of elaborating a software system, the Integrated Approach to Software Architecture (IASA) uses an interaction point model which provides facilities to manipulate any structural or behavioral element defining an interaction point. In addition, such facilities represent the fundamental foundation of the native support by IASA of Aspect Oriented Software Architectures (AOSA) specifications.     

An affiliated search system for an electronic commerce and software component architecture

This paper describes an Electronic Commerce Goods Search System (ECGSS) that has functions that increase the precision of search results through training of the search system and uses affiliated business transaction processes. The software component architecture for ECGSS also allows the effective deployment of the system on every local business site, in view of the evolving trend in information technology toward easier configuration and re-usability. A general information gathering system with the infrastructure to accept every Internet communication protocol and access control is described. In this affiliated business transaction model, we classify Internet sites into two groups: a cooperative sites group, and a non-cooperative sites group. While designing the components, we optimized their specifications with respect to the whole architecture analysis, dependencies, and interface types using a component-based software development process. Experiments on the effectiveness of the user training function for the search system and the response time for simple queries for each communication protocol are presented. Comparisons of commercial search solutions and architectural standards of several organizations are also given.     

A modular package manager architecture

ContextThe success of modern software distributions in the Free and Open Source world can be explained, among other factors, by the availability of a large collection of software packages and the possibility to easily install and remove those components using state-of-the-art package managers. However, package managers are often built using a monolithic architecture and hard-wired and ad-hoc dependency solvers implementing some customized heuristics.ObjectiveWe aim at laying the foundation for improving on existing package managers. Package managers should be complete, that is find a solution whenever there exists one, and allow the user to specify complex criteria that define how to pick the best solution according to the user’s preferences.MethodIn this paper we propose a modular architecture relying on precise interface formalisms that allows the system administrator to choose from a variety of dependency solvers and backends.ResultsWe have built a working prototype–called MPM–following the design advocated in this paper, and we show how it largely outperforms a variety of current package managers.ConclusionWe argue that a modular architecture, allowing for delegating the task of constraint solving to external solvers, is the path that leads to the next generation of package managers that will deliver better results, offer more expressive preference languages, and be easily adaptable to new platforms.     

Cyberworlds: architecture and modeling by an incrementally modular abstraction hierarchy

An incrementally modular abstraction hierarchy, which specifies, models and visualizes the architecture of cyberworlds from general to specific, is presented. The hierarchy, consisting of a homotopy level with fiber bundles, a set theoretical space level, a topological space level, an adjunction space level, a cellular space level, and presentation and view-levels, is described theoretically with examples of online book shopping such as e-commerce, seat assembling as such e-manufacturing, and accounting such as e-economy. Sharing invariants defined at each level contributes to robust architecture and modeling for designing, analyzing, implementing and visualizing cyberworlds, which results in a fault-free reduction of time and cost.     

A review and future directions of SOA-based software architecture modeling approaches for System of Systems

Software architecture is a software system’s earliest set of design decisions that are critical for the quality of the system desired by the stakeholders. The architecture makes it easier to reason about and manage change during different phases of complex software life cycle. The modeling of software architecture for System of Systems (SoS) is a challenging task because of a system’s complexity arising from an integration of heterogeneous, distributed, managerially and operationally independent systems collaborating to achieve global missions. SoS is essentially dynamic and evolutionary by design requiring suitable architectural patterns to deal with runtime volatility. Service-oriented architecture offers several architectural features to these complex systems; these include, interoperability, loose coupling, abstraction and the provision of dynamic services based on standard interfaces and protocols. There is some research work available that provides critical analysis of current software architecture modeling approaches for SoS. However, none of them outlines the important characteristics of SoS or provides detailed analysis of current service-oriented architecture modeling approaches to model those characteristics. This article addresses this research gap and provides a taxonomy of software architecture modeling approaches, comparing and contrasting them using criteria critical for realization of SoS. Additionally, research gaps are identified, and future directions are outlined for building software architecture for SoS to model and reason about architecture quality in a more efficient way in service-oriented paradigm.     

目标驱动的软件体系结构建模方法研究

依据goal-scenario coupling方法提出了一种基于概念属性的结构化目标描述与识别方法.根据上述方法获得的目标模型,在Le Metayer提出的基于图形语法的体系结构建模理论和原则基础之上,提出了一种新的、目标驱动的软件体系结构建模方法.     

Procedure-based component and architecture modeling from a single image

This paper advocates a new component-aware framework to reconstruct 3D architecture from a single image. Different from existing work, our motivation is to obtain a complete set of semantically correct 3D architectural components, which enables part reusability towards rapid model reproduction and facilitates model variation. The core of our system is a novel algorithm to adaptively segment repeated curved stripes (e.g., roof tiles, building floors) into individual elements, based on which 3D dimensions as well as architectural components are derived from a single image. Specially for Chinese architectures, we further devise an interactive method to identify outer columns based on user-specified inner columns. Finally, 3D components are generated and shape rules are derived, from which the buildings and their variants are constructed. Our new component-aware framework minimizes the use of data resource (i.e., one single image) and emphasizes component utility during rapid 3D architecture reproduction by advocating a component-aware approach.     

一种面向构件的行为语义模型及其应用研究

以SOFA/CDL作为刻画动态行为的形式化语义基础,从交互语义层面入手,提出面向SMC(softMancomponent)构件的行为描述语言(BDL);同时,针对CDL在行为刻画上的不足进行扩展,给出了针对SMC的行为描述框架。在此基础上,选取典型的构件动态替换作为应用背景,得到基于BDL表达的构件上下文无关替换定义及其判定定理,验证了上述模型在构件行为语义抽象中的有效性和正确性。     

嵌入式系统软件体系结构动态建模及应用研究

应用π演算方法,结合Petri网中的面向对象Petri网和时间Petri网,建立了嵌入式系统软件体系结构抽象模型ESAM,研究了ESAM模型的动态演化、一致性和死锁。应用ESAM抽象模型,对车站信号联锁控制器进行了建模与分析。     

RFDI软件架构设计及状态分析构件实现

RFDI(radar fault detection and isolation)软件通用性与雷达电路硬件及故障分析方法的不断更新是一对矛盾.如何设计一个通用的RFDI软件,以适应雷达电路的不断改进及诊断分析方法的不断更新是一个非常现实的课题.详细分析雷达故障检测和隔离的方法,将RFDI软件框架与故障状态分析方法及特征数据采集分离,给出了一种新的RFDI系统软件的架构,并对基于构件技术故障状态分析方法进行了研究,给出了一种故障状态分析构件的COM实现,其具有较强的可扩展性和继承性.     

A reconfigurable modular fault-tolerant hypercube architecture

We propose a new fault-tolerant design of a hypercube system. We first build the fault-tolerant modules (FTM's), then we interconnect these FTM's as the modular hypercube. Finally, we obtain our proposed system by augmenting links, called the spare-sharing links (SSL's), in the modular hypercube, which forms a ring connection in our architecture. The characteristic of our system is that the spare nodes in an FTM can be used as local spares to replace the faulty nodes in the FTM, or as remote spares to replace the faulty nodes in other FTM's via the spare-sharing links in the architecture. Thus, the use of spare nodes in any FTM will increase, and the proposed system reliability will improve. In the system, the switch and link failures are also considered. The modular diagnosis and modular reconfiguration are proposed to identify and reconfigure the failure of nodes, switches, and links