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本文提出了一种空间目标方位角与俯仰角的联合测量方法。该算法基于两天线接收信号的相位谱关系,通过精确估计接收信号的时差计算出方位角和俯仰角,从而获得精确的测向值。仿真实验表明,在常规信噪比条件下,算法的测向精度可逼近均方误差下限的理论值。本文算法有助于分析检测预警机雷达信号和干扰机信号,对于电子侦察中的无源定位具有重要意义。 相似文献
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利用阵列信号处理时域与空域等效的关系,以平面阵为基础,采用阵列协方差矩阵的奇异值分解和广义特征值分解估计接收信号的频率,通过分析阵列模型,提出一种抗原和抗体的亲和力函数;利用量子免疫进化的特性,估计出信号的俯仰角和方位角,从而完成阵列信号的多维参数估计,改善了多维参数估计的抗噪性能、数值稳定性和运行时间。通过计算机仿真,证明了该算法的有效性。 相似文献
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《电子技术应用》2016,(7)
为更好地解决室外三维(3D)空间域的移动通信问题,提出了一种新型室外3D空间域散射信道统计模型,主要研究MIMO多天线系统的接收性能。在宏蜂窝小区移动通信环境中,模型能够估计多径衰落信道的重要空间信道参数,首先推导了多径衰落信道的到达角(Angle of Arrival,AOA)概率密度分布。此外模型在设置多输入多输出(Multiple Input Multiple Output,MIMO)多天线的均匀线性阵列(Uniform Linear Array,ULA)和圆形阵列(Uniform Circular Array,UCA)的基础上,分析了波达信号不同方位角分布对散射信道中MIMO性能的影响因素,包括MIMO空间相关性、信道容量以及天线阵列配置。数值仿真结果与3D多径衰落信道模型对比,表明本模型的信道参数估计符合理论和实际的通信环境,为评估MIMO天线接收系统与仿真无线通信系统提供了创新性的研究。 相似文献
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针对稀疏重构下二维波达方向(2D-DOA)估计存在计算量大的问题,提出一种基于协方差矩阵降维稀疏表示的二维波达方向估计方法。首先引入空间角构造流形矢量矩阵冗余字典,将方位角和俯仰角组合从二维空间映射到一维空间,降低了字典的长度和求解复杂度,并且能自动实现俯仰角和方位角配对;其次改进了样本协方差矩阵的稀疏表示模型,对该模型进行了降维处理;然后由协方差矩阵稀疏重构的残差约束特性得到约束残差项置信区间,避免采用正则化方法导致参数选取困难;最后通过凸优化包实现了二维波达方向的估计。仿真实验表明,待选取的协方差矩阵列数达到某个阈值(在只有两个入射信号情况下该值为3)时,可准确实现入射信号角的估计;当信噪比(SNR)较小(<5dB)时,该方法估计精度优于基于空间角的特征矢量算法;低快拍数(<100)下该方法估计精度略低于特征矢量法,但小间隔角度下估计精度与后者相当。 相似文献
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波达方向(DOA)估计是阵列信号处理的研究热点和难点之一。基于阵列天线, 利用空间谱估计理论进行DOA估计,提出一种改进算法——I-UCA-ESPRIT。首先根据均匀圆阵(UCA)的中心对称性,将输入信号进行重新排列;然后将重新排列的信号进行实值转换,并对相关矩阵进行特征值分解;最后引入SVD算法,以求解来波信号的方位角和俯仰角。仿真结果表明,该算法不仅适用于DOA估计的非相干信号和相干信号,且优于UCA-RB-MUSIC算法和UCA-ESPRIT算法。 相似文献
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针对平坦衰落环境中的极化分集MIMO信道,建立了三维空间中的接收信道模型,推导出了关于水平角度扩展和俯仰角扩展的相关函数表达式,分析了水平角度扩展和俯仰角扩展对信道相关性的影响,并且仿真分析了角度扩展对信道容量的影响。 相似文献
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The correlation among signals arriving at diferent elements of the antenna array has a significant impact on the performance of multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)system.To investigate the inter-element correlation when slant polarized antennas are used,a general approach for calculating the correlation coefcient is proposed based on a model that incorporates the antenna configuration,namely the antenna spacing and the slant angle,as well as the channel parameters,such as the power azimuth spectrum(PAS)and the crosspolarization discrimination(XPD).By applying this method to the 3rd generation partnership project(3GPP)spatial channel model(SCM),the expression of the inter-element correlation when the PAS follows the Laplacian distribution is obtained.The approximate expressions are also given for two special cases,i.e.,the case where the angular spread(AS)of the PAS is small,and the case where the AS is so large that the PAS can be approximated by the uniform distribution.Using these expressions,the impact of the antenna configuration and the channel parameters on the correlation is analyzed.Following that,the trend of inter-element correlation with the slant angle is investigated.Finally,the equivalent relation between the slant angle and the antenna spacing is studied.The results can provide guidelines for the antenna configuration under diferent propagation conditions. 相似文献
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Cognitive radios such as intelligent phones and Bluetooth devices have been considered essential goods in next-generation communication systems.Such devices will have to share the same frequency band owing to the limited bandwidth resource.To improve spectrum efciency,we formulate multi-channel power allocation as a market competitive equilibrium(CE)problem,and prove that its solution exists and is unique under the condition of weak interference.We then propose two distributed power allocation algorithms achieving CE,namely the fast convergent power allocation algorithm(FCPAA)and the social-fairness-aware FCPAA(SFAF).Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms lead to better system performance in terms of the guaranteed interference temperature constraint using the price mechanism instead of a strategy based on the Nash equilibrium.Moreover,it is shown that the FCPAA maximizes total utility,and converges more quickly than the method addressed in prior research with the help of improved round-robin rules.However,the FCPAA cannot ensure the same social fairness among secondary users as the SFAF scheme in both the non-fading channel and Rayleigh fading channel;the SFAF balances the individual utility by adjusting each user’s budget at the expense of a small quantity of system total throughput. 相似文献
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A broadband horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna array is proposed, which consists of a circular array of four identical broadband T‐bar fed cavity‐backed slot antenna elements and a 1‐to‐4 power divider. The proposed omnidirectional antenna array has a compact diameter of only 0.44λ0, a broad bandwidth of 75.9% (450‐1000 MHz) and a favorable omnidirectional radiation pattern in the azimuth plane with a gain variation below 3 dB in the operating band. Moreover, the cavity‐backed structure makes the proposed antenna array hardly affected by metal environment and the all metal construction allows for high‐power applications, and the reserved cable channel behind the cavities of the antenna elements ensures the extensionality and stability of the proposed array when longitudinal array expansion is needed. Design procedures of the proposed antenna array have been described in detail, simulations and measurements of the proposed antenna array have also been carried out to validate its performance in this article. 相似文献
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为研究无线多输入多输出(MIMO)系统信道特性,在考虑无线信道模型的信号传播复杂性与空间性的基础上,提出一种适用于户外环境的三维空间椭圆信道模型,并在其收发端设置均匀矩形阵列(URA)。利用该模型分析MIMO天线系统性能,推导出到达角、到达时间的概率密度函数表达式,并研究影响URA空间相关性与信道容量的因素。理论分析与实验结果表明,在基于URA的三维空间椭圆信道模型中,方位扩展角(AS)是影响URA空间相关性的主要因素,而收发端天线间距也会对URA信道容量产生一定影响,该结论对于无线信道模型的应用范围扩展及天线阵列灵敏度分析具有重要的参考和借鉴价值。 相似文献
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大规模MIMO具有巨型阵列尺寸和多维阵列结构,能够有效提升无线频谱效率,是未来无线通信领域重要的物理层技术之一.但大规模阵列具有的近场效应、高计算复杂度等问题,对其无线信道建模带来很大的挑战.本论文主要针对这些挑战,对大规模MIMO的信道模型进行了深入分析.首先在球面波假设前提下,建立大规模MIMO信道模型的基本框架;进一步利用基于马德里格地图的射线跟踪算法,对信道模型参数进行求解;最后给出大规模MIMO信道时延扩展及空间距离的统计分布.上述研究结果表明,所提信道模型能够反映大规模MIMO的主要信道特征. 相似文献
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随着极化相关技术的发展,极化调制在V2V(vehicle-to-vehicle)通信系统中的应用越来越广泛。但由于V2V通信环境复杂,极化调制在V2V通信中会产生去极化效应,从而影响通信质量。为了能够识别去极化效应的大小,提出一种新的基于几何散射理论的V2V多天线极化信道模型。该模型可通过已知的多天线配置、极化场辐射模式及散射体的空间分布,建立去极化效应模型,从而将信道的去极化效应由交叉极化鉴别度——XPD(cross polarization discrimination)的值表示,以拓展极化调制在V2V系统中的使用范围,提高传输速率。实验结果表明,XPD的值受到车辆间距离影响存在阈值,并强烈依赖于到达方位角的分布常数,且当到达方位角的值不同时,改变到达仰角的最大值的大小,XPD值的变化呈固定趋势。因此,本文所提出的多天线几何信道模型,成功的将极化引入多天线的V2V通信,可以为极化域通信的进一步研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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In this article, for the first time, we come up with a nature‐inspired MIMO antenna configuration that could provide less correlated wireless channels for 5G lower band (3000‐4200 MHz). Essentially, the cross‐correlation among the antenna elements is reduced by incorporating the concept of golden angle into a cylindrical configuration of tapered slot antenna array. The golden angle helps in arranging the end‐fire radiating tapered slot antennas (TSAs) in such a way that there will not be any spatial overlap among the radiation fields of the individual antenna elements. The idea is validated with 24 TSA elements placed in a cylindrical fashion. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is calculated from the simulations in ANSYS HFSS and verified with measurements. The ECC value is found to be less than 0.01 in the range of 3 GHz to 4.25 GHz. The impedance matching and mutual coupling between the elements are found to be very good in the above‐mentioned frequency range from the simulations and measurements. It is believed that the application of golden angle concept to MIMO antennas would open up the windows for implementation of dense massive MIMO. 相似文献
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应答着陆系统是一种基于应答机的精密进近着陆引导系统,通过询问并接收飞机应答机的应答信号来估计飞机的方位、仰角和距离等信息;文章分析了应答着陆系统传统的测角算法原理、误差来源和影响因素;通过扩大不模糊角度测量的范围,利用虚拟技术实现了系统天线阵列的虚拟均匀排列;提出了基于MUSIC算法的空间平滑技术进行多目标飞机角度估计的设想;通过计算机仿真对新测角算法的估计能力,成功概率以及精度的分析,验证了新算法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献