Einfluß von Futterfetten auf die Qualität tierischer Veredlungsprodukte

Effects of Feed Fats on Quality of Animal Product At the same level of energy supply intake of fats/oils do not lead to a higher fat deposition in the carcass. Additionally, fats are carrier of fat soluble vitamins A, D, E, K and improve their absorption from the intestinal tract. The fatty acid profile of fat deposited in the organism, as for example in egg yolk is influenced by the intake of fatty acids provided by feed. This especially concerns linoleic- and linolenic acid as well as lauric- and myristic acid, High contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids negatively influence oxidative stability as well as consistency of body fat and therefore quality of animal products. An improved oxidation protection can be carried out by supplementation of antioxidants. Medium-chain, saturated fatty acids reveal positive effects on both criteria.     

Einfluß der Anbauhäufigkeit von Winterraps auf das Auftreten von Schadfaktoren,die Ertragsleistung und Qualitätsmerkmale

Influence of the Cultivation Frequency of Winter Rape Seed on the Occurrence of Noxious Factors, on Crops and Quality Characteristics In a test series of crops, carried out in 1976 at the Ihinger Hof (480 m NN; 7.8° C mean annual temperature and 685 mm rainfall) with rape seed share of 25,33 and 50 % the importance of cultivation frequency with respect to the occurrence of deseases and parasites should be investigated and effects on crops and quality characteristics should be examined. After a running in period of several years a relation between the rape seed share in dependence on years and cultivated genotype and the occurrence of rottenness of the upper part of the root and the stem can be found which does not occur for the unregularly existing rape seed cancer. Higher shares of rape seed in the crop sequence lead to an average lower crop of nearly 10 % and to increased variation coefficients which indicate an increasing instability of crop. Investigations of the total N-content of the corn material show a year depending increase of the content of higher rape seed share from which you can conclude to lower contents of oil and thus to a quality diminishing.     

Die Zusammensetzung tierischer Organ- und Depotfette in Abhängigkeit von der Fütterung III: Gas-chromatographische Analyse von Kälberfetten nach definierter Fütterung

The Composition of Animal Organ and Depot Fats in Relation to Feed III: Gas-chromatographic Analysis of Fats from Calves after Definite Feed Within the scope of the feeding experiments, which had been carried out for explaining the accumulation of trans fatty acids in animal organs, we studied the composition of mixed fatty acids of heart, kidney and liver as well as that of the corresponding depot fats with the help of gas-chromatography. The fatty acid composition of the separated neutral fat and phosphatide fractions of the organ fats are discussed.     

Der Einfluß der Witterung auf die Eigenschaften von Methacrylat-Polymeren

Under atmospheric influence the molecular weight of PMMA decreases. The decrease of the molecular weight depends among other things on M?_v itself, on the content of UV absorbing additives, on the place and on the amount of the radiant energy. As many properties of PMMA in particular the characteristic mechanical values determined in the short time test depend above M _v = 10⁵ only slightly or not at all on the molecular weight, the weathering changes these properties only insignificantly. Properties such as light transmittance, softening point, tensile or flexural strength and moduls of elasticity don't change. The characteristic values for toughness of a material such as impact strength and elongation at rupture show a perceptible decrease. Open air weathering in tropical climate can cause more intense changes of the properties than in Central Europe. If the material has a thickness of 5 mm weathering can result in reversible colour phenomena. Polymers with an UV protection don't show this effect. In case of open air weathering copolymers with acrylonitrile (here AN/MMA = 70/30) show stronger changes of the properties than pure PMMA. Nevertheless they are suited for an outdoor application of many years duration.     

Einfluß der Emulgierbedingungen auf die Qualität anionischer Wachsemulsionen

The Effect of the Emulsification Conditions on the Quality of Anionic Wax Emulsions The effect of the conditions during the emulsification on the quality of anionic self polishing emulsions and their films was investigated with the help of two ester waxes. It is shown as to how the viscosity, surface tension, pH and the transparency of the emulsions as well as the gloss of the film are dependent, amongst other variables, on the wax- and water-temperature, the changes in the emulsifier system and the rates of emulsification and cooling. Furthermore some observations on the film formation and the technical problems related to testing are reported.     

Einfluß der Fütterung unterschiedlicher Öle und Fette auf das Fettsäurenmuster des Abdominalfettes von Broilern

Influence of Feeding of Different Oils and Fats on the Fatty Acid Pattern of the Abdominal Fat of Broilers The fatty acid pattern of the abdominal fat of broilers depends to a high degree on the fatty acid pattern of the ratio. It can be absolutely reasonable to change the fat component during the fattening period. But the exchange should have taken place at last till the end of the 3rd life week, because afterwards a sufficient alteration of the fatty acid pattern can not longer be achieved because of the increased embedment. Besides, there are fatty acids which are embedded only to a small amount. Erucic acid and stearic acid, as well as caprylic and capric acid belong to them. These fatty acids are obviously mostly transformed to oleic acid.     

Der Einfluß von Sorte,Standort und Schwefeldüngung bei verschiedenen Senfarten auf Qualitätseigenschaften der Rohstoffe für die Mostrichherstellung

Influence of Variety, Location and Sulfur Fertilizer on the Properties of Different Varieties of Mustard as Raw Materials for the Production of Condiments Samples from a worldwide cultivation experiment on different varieties of mustard, i. e. Brassica nigra, Brassica juncea and Sinapis alba, were used to evaluate the influence of provenance on various constituents and seed quality. The glucosinolate content, seed size and swelling capacity were considered as the main criteria for evaluating the quality of the raw material. In a fertilizing experiment, the effect of increased application of sulfate on the glucosinolate content of mustard seed was studied.     

Der Einfluß von Anion- und Kationtensiden auf die chemische Reaktionsfähigkeit von Wolle

Influence of Anionic and Cationic Surfactants on the Chemical Reactivity of Wool The alkaline degradation of cystine in wool is diminished by anionic detergents and increased by cationic detergents. The reaction with sulphite is influenced in a similar manner. In acidic media, the opposite effect is exerted by ionic detergents on the acid hydrolysis of wool peptide bonds; hydrolysis is enhanced by anionic detergents and diminished by cationics. Nonionic detergents are without any effect on the chemical reactivity of wool. The results are explained in terms of changes in electrical charges on the fibre surface, due to adsorption of detergent ions.     

Der Einfluß von Bodenpflegemitteln auf die Gleitsicherheit

Influence of Floor-Polishes on Slip-Safety The influence of usual floor-polishes with self-brightness and/or cleaning-effect was tested on slip-safety. The results of investigations are: 1. Surface-brightness shows no essential correlation with slip-safety after treating the floors. 2. Strong stickiness of floor-polishes ist not useful for a good slip-safety. 3. The slip-resistance of floors raises as a rule by dry conditions. 4. The most floor-polishes have essentially more reduced slip-resistance by wet conditions in comparison to not treated wet floors. For prevention of accidents this conclusion is very interesting.     

Die Zusammensetzung tierischer Organ- und Depotfette in Abhängigkeit von der Fütterung II Gas-chromatographische Analyse der Fettsäuren von Kälber- und Rinderfetten

The Composition of Lipids of Animal Organ and Depot Fats in Relation to Feed II: Gas-chromatographic Analysis of Fatty Acids of Calves and Cattle Fats In the milk as well as in the fats of calves and cattle 81 fatty acids were found. The composition of fatty acids of the depot and organ fats of cattle — in winter with stall-feeding and in summer with pasture-feeding — were compared with the winter and summer milk fats. The differences between the fats from the same parts of calves and cattle are discussed.     

Lipoide tierischer Organ- und Depotfette in Abhängigkeit von der Fütterung I: trans-Fettsäuren in Kälber- und Schweinefetten

Dietary Fat and the trans-Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Bovine and Porcine Tissues of Heart, Liver and Kidney and Depot Fats from different Localities within the same Animal The content of trans-unsaturated fatty acids in lipids of heart, liver and kidney and depot fats from different localities within the same animal (visceral, pericardial, perinephric, extrahepatic, subcutaneous and/or back fat and fat attached to ribs) of calves and pigs, fed a basal diet without trans-unsaturated fatty acids or fed a hardened fat diet, was determined by IR-spectrography. The lipids of heart, kidney and liver were separated by Silica Gel G column chromatography in cholesterol ester, neutral lipids and phospholipid fractions. The trans-unsaturated fatty acids of each were determined.     

Der Einfluß von Sauerstoff auf die Polymerisation von Vinylchlorid am Beispiel der Suspensionspolymerisation

Under the conditions of suspension polymerization vinyl chloride reacts readily in the presence of radicals with oxygen to form vinyl chloride peroxide. This decomposes to the following products: formaldehyde, hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide. This sideproducts have to be considered, when vinyl chloride is polymerized in the presence of oxygen. Thus the formation of PVC containing carbonyl groups can be explained. Furthermore oxygen can initiate the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride under certain conditions.     

Der Einfluß der Umwelt auf die Fettzusammensetzung der Sojabohne

Influence of Environment on Fat Composition of Soybean Location and seasonal effects have stronger influence on oil- and protein-content as well as on fatty acid composition of soybean than differences among the varieties. Content of linoleic and linolenic acids and fat content were lower under dry and hot climatic conditions. Under cold and humid conditions of growth, the content of less desirable linolenic acid distinctly increased. However, growing conditions were inter-related with the varieties as well; thus under definite climatic conditions, individual varieties exhibited more favourable fatty acid composition.     

Der Einfluß von Netz- und Hydrophobierungsmitteln auf die Eigenschaften von Zementmörtel

Influence of Wetting and Hydrophobing Agents on the Properties of cement Mortar The relationships between the water requirement of cement mortar, its pore volume and resistence to pressure and water, and the chemical composition of wetting and hydrophobing agents added have been studied. It was found that the rigidity and absorbing capacity are dependent not only upon the density and pore volume of mortar but also upon the chemical structure of the additives. Inspite of reduced density and increased pore volume, it is possible to attain a rigidity of structure and low water absorbence by employing a definite ratio between the hydrophilic and lyophilic ligands in the molecule of the additive.