B4C/BN层状陶瓷复合材料的研究

采用流延/层的方法制备了B4C/BN层状陶瓷复合材料,研究了材料结构、B4C/BN层厚比、基体厚度对陶瓷材料强度和断裂韧性的影响.采用三点弯曲法和压痕强度法分别测试了材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性.采用SEM分析手段对层状陶瓷的显微结构和裂纹偏转进行了研究.结果表明,当B4C/BN陶瓷层厚比在15左右时,层状陶瓷的弯曲强度达到448 MPa,断裂韧性达到7.86 MPa.m1/2.BN的弱界面对裂纹的偏转、分层和残余应力增韧是使得陶瓷材料断裂韧性提高的主要原因.     

可加工B4C/BN复相陶瓷的制备与性能研究

采用热压烧结工艺制备了B4C/BN可加工复相陶瓷,热压烧结工艺参数为热压温度为1850℃,热压压力为30 MPa,保温时间为1 h.通过向B4C基体中加入不同含量的h-BN来研究h-BN的含量对所制备的B4C/BN复相陶瓷材料的力学性能和可加工性能的影响,并通过XRD和SEM来研究复相陶瓷的物相组成和显微结构.结果表明随着复相陶瓷中的h-BN含量的增加,B4C/BN复相陶瓷的密度逐渐降低;B4C/BN复相陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性有所降低;复相陶瓷的维氏硬度大幅度降低;而硬度的降低导致了复相陶瓷的可加工性能得到显著的提高,当h-BN的含量高于20%(质量分数,下同)时,B4C/BN复相陶瓷具有良好的可加工性能.     

采用半固态加工方法制备B4C/Y112复合材料的研究

通过自行研制开发的新型复合材料半固态连续机械搅拌设备,制备了半固态的B4 C/Y112复合材料浆料,研究了外加增强颗粒B4C的预热处理、颗粒尺寸和质量分数对半固态固相组织的变化规律,并对制备的含不同质量分数B4C颗粒(颗粒尺寸5～7 μm)的复合材料进行拉伸、硬度等力学性能测试.结果表明:B4C颗粒经预热处理,颗粒尺寸...     

B_4C/BN纳米复合粉末的制备与显微结构的研究

利用H38O3和CO(NH2)2在高温下发生化学反应生成纳米BN,并且形成纳米BN包覆B4C颗粒的B4C/BN纳米复合粉末.利用X射线衍射(XRD),透射电镜(TEM)和选区电子衍射(SAED)对所制备的复合粉末的物相组成和显微结构进行了研究,并且对热压烧结块材的物相组成进行了研究.物相组成和显微结构的研究结果表明,在850℃氮气气氛下热处理6 h所得到的复合粉末主要是非晶态纳米BN涂层包覆在B4C颗粒表面所形成的B4C/BN纳米复合粉末,而且非晶态BN包覆层的厚度为300～500 nm.此非晶态BN相在1850℃,30 MPa,1 h的热压烧结工艺条件下完全转变成晶态的h-BN相.     

Investigation on wetting behaviour of B4C by Ni based brazing alloys

Abstract

In the present study, the wetting behaviour of boron carbide by Ni based brazing alloys has been investigated. Based on the results of wetting experiments using sessile drop method, it has been revealed that these filler metals are generally able to wet B₄C surface. This relates to the reactivity of Ni with this ceramic material. The presence of Si in these fillers and its reactivity with the surface of B₄C play a major role in wetting improvement. In addition, the existence of Cr in the filler also improves this behaviour. Based on the results of wetting tests, a low wetting angle of 26° was obtained for the filler metal having the highest amounts of Si and Cr. In this article, the microstructure and chemical composition of the interfacial phases have been studied.     

Preparation and characterization of high-toughness ZrB2/Mo composites by hot-pressing process

ZrB₂/Mo composites with various volume fractions of Mo (0–10%) were prepared by a hot-pressing process at 1950 °C. The addition of Mo both facilitated the densification and improved the mechanical properties of the ZrB₂/Mo composites. Compared with the pure ZrB₂ ceramics, the fracture toughness of the ZrB₂/Mo (10%) composite increased from 4.52 to 7.98 MPa m^1/2 and its bending strength increased from 424 to 450 MPa. The enhancement in mechanical properties of the ZrB₂/Mo composites could be attributed to the reduced grains and the MoB phase formed in the reaction between ZrB₂ and Mo.     

电磁离心铸造B4C和SiC增强铝基复合材料的研究

研究了电磁离心铸造B4C颗粒和SiC颗粒同时增强Al基复合材料在不同励磁电压下两种颗粒的分布,以及颗粒分布对复合材料硬度的影响。试验结果表明,在电磁离心铸造过程中施加0V励磁电压时,在试样截面上B4C颗粒和SiC颗粒分别分布在内外两侧,施加50V励磁电压时,B4C趋于向外层均匀化分布;施加100V励磁电压时SiC趋于向内层均匀化分布。颗粒的分布决定了硬度值的分布变化。     

可加工Si3N4／BN复相陶瓷的制备及性能研究

采用化学溶液法混料，然后用氢还原氮化法制备出具有包覆结构的Si3N4／BN纳米复合粉体，复合粉热压后获得较高强度，同时又具有良好加工性能的复相陶瓷。扫描电镜(SEM)，X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明：复相陶瓷中氮化硼以六方晶(h-BN)均匀分布于以α-Si3N4为基体相的晶界与晶内，并抑制α-Si3N4的晶粒长大使基体晶粒细化。良好加工性能的获得是由于h-BN易沿其层间解理以及h-BN与α-Si3N4两相由于热膨胀失配产生的弱界面易在剪切方向剥层所致。     

SiC/MoSi_2复合材料的原位反应热压烧结工艺

从热力学角度研究了Mo-Si-C三元系中所有二元化合物化合反应的吉布斯自由能随温度变化的规律,探索了SiC/MoSi_2复合材料原位反应热压烧结的最佳工艺参数.结果表明,利用Mo、Si、C混合粉末原位反应合成SiC/MoSi_2复合材料在热力学上是完全可行的,反应烧结温度低于1728 K(1455 ℃)是为抑制Mo_2C形成,保证SiC生成的热力学条件.采用原位反应热压烧结工艺能够制备具有优异显微组织的SiC/MoSi_2复合材料.     

Investigation the effect of B4C addition on properties of TZM alloy prepared by spark plasma sintering

TZM alloy is one of the most important molybdenum (Mo) based alloy which has a nominal composition containing 0.5–0.8 wt.% titanium (Ti), 0.08–0.1 wt.% zirconium (Zr) and 0.016–0.02 wt.% carbon (C). It is a possible candidate for high temperature applications in a variety of industries. However, the rapid oxidation of TZM alloys at high temperature in air is considered to be one of the drawback. In this study, TZM alloys with additions of 0–5 wt.% B₄C were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1420 °C utilizing 40 MPa pressure for 5 min under vacuum. The effects of B₄C addition on oxidation, densification behavior, microstructure, and mechanical properties were investigated. The TZM alloy with 5 wt.% B₄C have exhibited an approximately 66% reduction in mass loss under normal atmospheric conditions in oxidation tests made at 1000 °C for 60 min. And an increase from 1.9 GPa to 7.8 GPa has been determined in hardness of the alloy.     

B4C含量对B4C增强Ni基合金钎涂层的影响

为提高低碳钢的表面性能,以Ni基合金为原材料,添加一定量的B4C粉末作增强相,钎涂于低碳钢表面,研究了B4C添加量对涂层性能的影响.结果表明:控制合理的工艺参数,可以获得表面平整、光滑,与基体呈冶金结合的涂层;随着B4C添加量的增加,涂层的硬度及耐磨性也逐渐增加,但添加量增加到一定值后,涂层与基体的熔合效果不佳,出现气孔等缺陷,硬度及耐磨性反而下降.     

共沉淀法原位合成无压烧结TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料

以TiCl4溶液和B4C粉末为主要原料,采用共沉淀、原位合成无压烧结技术制备了TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料.研究了原料配比、烧结温度对TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的烧结性能、显微组织和力学性能的影响.通过X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜等分析手段,分析了TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的物相组成、显微组织和断裂特征.研究结果表明:当成分质量配比TiB2∶B4C为40∶60时,材料最大相对密度为98.5%T.D;在最佳成分配比下,随着烧结温度的升高,原位合成制备的TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度均为先升高后降低,材料的最佳烧结工艺为2050℃,1 h.在最佳烧结工艺下,TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最佳值分别为3.17 g/cm3,31.5GPa,381 MPa和5.1 MPa·m1/2.     

Investigation on Addition of Kaolinite on Sintering Behavior and Mechanical Properties of B4C

The objective of the present investigation was to study the effect of kaolinite addition on sintering behavior and mechanical properties of pressureless sintered B₄C ceramic. Different amounts of kaolinite, mainly 5 to 30 wt.%, were added to the base material. The in situ reaction of kaolinite with B₄C generates SiC and Al₂O₃, which aid the sintering process and permit pressureless sintering at temperatures between 2050 and 2150 °C. Addition of 30 wt.% kaolinite and sintering at 2150 °C resulted in improving the density of the samples to about 98.5% of the theoretical density. The composite samples exhibited very good mechanical properties (hardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness). As wt.% Kaolinite increases, strength and toughness increase, and hardness first increases and then decreases.     

共沉淀法原位合成无压烧结TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料

以TiCl4溶液和B4C粉末为主要原料，采用共沉淀、原位合成无压烧结技术制备了TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料。研究了原料配比、烧结温度对TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料的烧结性能、显微组织和力学性能的影响。通过X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜等分析手段，分析了TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料的物相组成、显微组织和断裂特征。研究结果表明：当成分质量配比TiB2：B4C为40：60时，材料最大相对密度为98．5％T．D；在最佳成分配比下，随着烧结温度的升高，原位合成制备的TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度均为先升高后降低，材料的最佳烧结工艺为2050℃，1h。在最佳烧结工艺下，TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最佳值分别为3．17g／cm^3，31．5GPa，381MPa和5．1MPa．m^1/2.     

Investigation on addition of talc on sintering behavior and mechanical properties of B4C

The effect of high alumina talc powder as a sintering aid on densification of boron carbide powder was investigated. The in situ reaction of talc with boron carbide generate SiC, MgB₂, and alumina, which all aid the sintering process and permit pressureless sintering at temperatures between 2050 and 2150°C. The microstructure-property relationship has been studied in the B₄C-talc system for talc content between 0 and 30 wt.%. It became clear the addition of talc powder has a significant effect on the sintering behavior of B₄C. B₄C composites along with talc powder additions were sintered up to 98% of theoretical density. The mechanical properties were improved over those of samples without talc addition.     

化学镀法制备B4C/Ag金属陶瓷复合粉体工艺的研究

为改善B4C与其它金属的结合性能,采用化学镀法在B4C粉体上镀Ag制备包覆型陶瓷颗粒.通过粗化、敏化、活化表面镀前处理,用硝酸银镀液成功地得到在B4C上均匀镀Ag的包覆粉体,利用SEM观察到包覆程度可达95%,通过详细讨论镀液的配方、助剂、镀液与B4C粉体的配比对包覆效果的影响,最终得到硝酸银用量控制在8～12g/L能得到所控制的沉积反应速度;包覆反应过程中助剂控制在聚乙二醇8～10g/L、乙醇3～5mL/L较为合适.     

B_4C/Al复合材料的相及其显微组织的研究

用无压浸渗法制备了B4C/Al复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪、能谱仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜以及光学显微镜对复合材料的相及其微观组织进行了观察及分析。结果表明,在B4C/Al复合材料中,Al3BC相沿碳化硼和铝的界面生长,增加了碳化硼和铝的界面结合强度;AlB2是类似棒状的长条晶体,嵌于碳化硼和铝之间,当材料受外力冲击时起增韧作用。该复合材料中碳化硼以连续的骨架结构存在,而渗入的铝相也以连续基体的形式存在,形成了双连续骨架结构。该复合材料的断裂方式是沿陶瓷骨架的穿晶断裂和金属铝的桥接断裂。     

用Ti/Ag粉坯连接的SiC陶瓷界面

以Ti、Ag金属粉末压坯做焊料,采用热压反应烧结连接工艺连接再结晶SiC陶瓷.当焊接温度为1030℃,接头抗弯强度最高达116.8 MPa,为母材强度的73.4%.显微分析表明:在焊料产物层与SiC陶瓷母材之间形成一个反应层,焊接温度的变化对反应层的厚度有明显影响;反应层主要由TiC、Ti5Si3和Ti3SiC2组成,且Ti3SiC2紧邻母材SiC,而TiC则靠近焊料产物层一侧.SEM分析表明:焊料产物层为黑白相间的复相区,白色相主要是AgTi,黑色相主要由Ti和AgTi3组成.