薄带冷轧接触力学(英文)

极薄带冷轧给轧制生产带来了挑战,其中包括接触力学、带材的凸度和表面质量。在考虑工作辊边部接触的前提下,采用自行开发的改良影响函数法对薄带的对称和非对称冷轧过程进行了分析。文章的重点是通过薄带冷轧来阐述辊缝接触力学,分析辊缝处的摩擦对轧制力学和带材凸度的影响,同时还对轧辊边部接触对轧制力学和带材凸度影响进行了讨论,认为轧辊边部接触将对工作辊边部磨损产生影响,并对轧制力计算值与实测值进行了比较。     

Finite element simulation of cold rolling of thin strip

In this work, the authors use a full 3D rigid plastic finite element method (FEM) to simulate the thin strip rolling taking into account the modelling of friction variation in the roll bite. A comparison of the computed results with measured values was conducted. The characteristics of the distribution of the velocity along the width of strip at the exit of the roll bite and the spread of strip for the different crown factors are presented in this paper. The modelling of the shape, profile and flatness for cold rolling of thin strip with friction variation is also discussed.     

低镍奥氏体不锈钢冷轧边裂原因分析

针对低镍Cr-Mn-Ni-N奥氏体不锈钢冷连轧过程中的边裂问题,采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜分析了断口、边裂位置附近、正常位置显微形貌;分析了冷轧带钢横向应力、轧制力分布规律.结果表明,钢中镍元素偏析、存在Al2O3夹杂物、形变马氏体组织含量增加,以及带钢边部应力、轧制力较大,是导致低镍奥氏体不锈钢冷连轧过程出现边裂...     

Effect of rolling parameters on cold rolling of thin strip during work roll edge contact

In some cold rolling mills, a problem has been found that the sides of work rolls touch and deform when thin strip is rolled. The problem of work roll contact at the edges, which forms a new deformation feature in rolling, is analysed. In this paper, the authors focus on the research of the effects of rolling parameters on specific force such as rolling force, intermediate force, edge contact force and the profile of thin strip in cold rolling when the work roll edges contact. An influence function method is developed to simulate this special rolling process. Based on numerical simulation, the effects of the rolling parameters on the mechanics and deformation of the cold rolled thin strip are obtained. Numerical simulation tests have verified the validity of this developed method.     

极薄带钢冷轧过程振动纹成因分析及抑制

本文针对0．18mm极薄规格巧料的振动纹问题,从理论上分析了带钢厚度、轧制速度、辊缝中摩擦系数、带钢张力以及轧制润滑条件对冷轧过程自激垂直振动的影响。通过优化轧制工艺参数和调整乳化液性能指标,成功解决了1420mm冷连轧机900m／min左右高速轧制T5料时第5机架的振动问题,抑制了带钢表面振动纹的产生。     

冷轧带钢平整机高精度高速度轧制力模型开发

与普通冷轧相比,平整轧制压下量很小,轧件的弹性变形和工作辊的弹性压扁对轧制压力分布有较大影响,通常的圆弧形轧辊轮廓假设不再合理。文章推导了分段二次曲线分布压力作用下轧辊弹性压扁量的计算模型,考虑轧制速度对变形抗力的影响,采用卡尔曼理论计算轧件的弹塑性变形,研究开发了冷轧带钢平整机轧制压力模型。轧制力计算值与实测值吻合精度高,计算速度快,表明,本模型可以用作平整轧机的轧制力设定模型。     

立辊润滑工艺对铁素体区轧制Ti-IF钢组织性能及边部质量的影响

针对某热轧厂铁素体区轧制Ti-IF钢带钢边裂缺陷的问题,提出了采用立辊润滑的方法予以改善。分析认为,采用立辊润滑轧制工艺可减小立辊减宽过程中的摩擦力,减少低温下带钢边部表面的剪切力;同时,有利于立辊表面质量的改善,从而改善带钢边部质量。为此,研究了立辊润滑工艺对铁素体区轧制Ti-IF钢带钢微观组织、力学性能、析出物以及边部质量的影响。结果表明,采用立辊润滑轧制工艺,Ti-IF钢带钢的组织和析出物没有明显差异,但塑性显著提高;带钢边部表面的最大裂纹深度由361 μm减小到128 μm,边部缺陷数量明显减少;带钢截面形貌较为光滑,没有发现明显裂纹,边部质量得到明显改善。     

冷连轧过程中间辊横移模型研究与设定

中间辊横移对高速冷连轧过程的板形控制至关重要。针对某1 750 mm冷连轧机组的设备与带钢轧制的工艺特点,建立了UCM轧机的横刚度系数分布曲线,计算并分析了中间辊横移位置设定对成品带钢板形和横向厚度分布的影响规律。深入研究了带钢宽度、单位轧制力、工作辊辊径及工作辊热凸度等因素对最优中间辊横移位置的影响规律。通过大量统计分析和理论计算,利用Origin软件进行多元回归拟合,最终建立了冷连轧过程中间辊横移位置的设定计算模型。采用新模型设定中间辊横移位置,成品带钢的边部减薄量减小了22 μm,板形统计值提高了4.41%,板形标准差平均减小了1.51 IU,新模型对成品带钢边部减薄量和板形的控制均有不同程度的改善和提高。实践证明,该中间辊横移模型具有较高的板形控制精度和较好的板形控制稳定性,适合于工业生产实践。     

1420 mm酸轧机组带钢板形分析与控制研究

板形是冷轧带钢非常重要的质量指标,直接决定了产品的质量等级,同时影响着机组的生产效率和成材率。针对某1 420 mm酸轧机组生产的带钢出现中浪板形易导致连退产线出现带钢起筋的问题,介绍了酸轧机组的板形控制原理,分析了热轧原料凸度、热轧终轧温度、弯辊力控制模式、冷轧轧机中间辊辊形对带钢板形的影响。结果表明：带钢中浪板形与热轧原料凸度和终轧温度密切相关;采用微中浪目标曲线自动控制时,带钢板形的边浪、中浪幅值都要小于手动控制模式;通过对冷轧机中间辊辊形进行优化,使其边部倒角更加圆滑过渡,能够有效改善边降过大的缺陷,同时板形控制效果也得到明显改善。在此基础上,提出了减小热轧原料凸度、提高终轧温度、开展板形自动控制以及优化中间辊辊形的措施,有效解决了冷轧带钢中浪大的板形问题,为连退生产运行稳定提供了强有力保障。     

酸轧机组高强钢跑偏断带问题控制技术研究

随着汽车工业的发展,汽车用钢的强度不断提升,冷连轧机组传统的压下率分配和板形执行机构的设定方法已经不能满足生产要求。以唐钢1 740 mm冷连轧机组生产汽车用高强钢DP980为研究对象,针对冷连轧过程中频发的带钢跑偏断带问题进行了研究,得到热轧来料的楔形和强度不均、负荷分配不合理导致S₁机架轧制力过高以及轧辊倾斜调整过于灵敏是导致高强钢跑偏断带的主要原因。为此,基于经典遗传算法,以前4机架轧制力平衡为优化目标,对该冷连轧机组压下率进行优化,同时将第1机架轧辊倾斜调整的限制范围和响应速度进行了调整。跟踪了1 760 t共86卷DP980高强钢的生产情况,带钢跑偏概率由40%降低为10%,且S₁机架未出现断带事故;轧制速度由200 m/min以下提升至500 m/min,速度发挥系数提高300%以上,机时产量提高100%,大幅提升了高强钢的生产效率。     

热轧不锈钢板带粗轧机架高速钢轧辊的研制

由于不锈钢热轧板带产线粗轧温度高、压下量大、轧辊咬入角大、辊面受挤压力和摩擦力更大等工况特点,原轧辊材质的应用受到了限制。介绍了热轧不锈钢板带粗轧新型高速钢轧辊的研制情况,主要介绍了其化学成分、热处理工艺、内层材质的设计及其组织性能。该新型高速钢轧辊在国内某1 780 mm不锈钢热轧产线粗轧机组的应用取得了较好效果,毫米轧制量为7 000 t/mm,下机辊表面光洁,表面粗糙度为1.3～1.6 μm。     

六辊冷连轧机带钢边降控制性能仿真研究

以首钢京唐公司2 230 mm冷连轧机为研究对象,针对目前国内外板带材生产中被广泛选用的CVC冷轧机机型,运用ABAQUS仿真软件建立了3D有限元模型,对比分析了ESS冷轧机对带钢边降的控制性能,证明ESS冷轧机对带钢边部减薄的控制较好。通过ESS冷轧机3D有限元模型,实现了对超宽薄极限规格带钢轧制过程的模拟;深入分析了ESS冷轧机对带钢边部减薄的控制规律。结合现场轧制数据,对有限元模型进行了现场验证,模拟值与实测值切合度很高,相对误差在10 μm以内,绝对误差在0.69%以内。     

Roll force,torque, lever arm coefficient,and strain distribution in edge rolling

Due to the growing importance of width control in strip and plate mills, edge rolling is currently an im-portant process in hot rolling mills. Research in edge rolling has been carried out, and in the present ar-ticle, models for roll force, torque, and lever arm coefficient are derived using the upper bound method. A simple, kinematically admissible deformation zone and velocity field, independent of friction in the roll gap, is proposed, and the energy dissipation rate is derived. The formula for energy dissipation rate has, in practice, no limitation because all edge rolling geometries are safely in the area where the formula is valid. Roll force and torque are derived by means of two independent integrals. Thus, the lever arm coef-ficient is evaluated from the expressions for roll force and torque using conventional rolling theory. Roll-ing trials report good agreement with theory. Measured roll forces are similar to calculated forces. Furthermore, the shape of the dogbone that arises during edge rolling is in fairly good agreement with the calculated dogbone shape. Deviations are due to the deviation from ideally plastic material in the ex-periments. Also, the strain distribution over the dogbone is similar to the proposed deformation zone. Thus, a new formula has been developed to a stage that it can be implemented in width control systems for edge rolling stands in hot strip and plate mills.     

Friction evaluation in hot strip rolling by direct measurement in the roll gap of a model duo mill

Using a model duo mill, and model material and lubricants, the hot strip rolling process has been simulated. The normal roll pressure, the shear stress and the shear-stress angle in the roll gap of the mill was measured by load tranducers, the purpose being to evaluate assumed frictional influencing factors, such as: strip reduction, rolling velocity, lubrication and different materials rolled. In order to improve the present simple-friction model for force calculation in hot strip rolling that uses just an average friction value, three friction models were evaluated: the friction laws by Coulomb, Tresca and Wanheim-Bay. The best model was then chosen on the basis of the measurements made in this study. Finally, suggestions for the improvement of the model of strip rolling is made.     

冷连轧机组末机架轧制参数综合设定技术的研究

针对冷连轧机组的生产工艺特点,以带材出口前张力横向分布均匀(即板形良好)作为优化目标函数,建立了一套冷连轧机组末机架轧制参数综合优化数学模型,并将其应用到宝钢冷轧薄板厂1220五机架冷连轧机组末机架压下量、前后张力、弯辊力等主要轧制参数的综合设定,取得了良好的使用效果,大大提高了成品带材的板形质量。     

冷连轧过程弯辊力模型研究与开发

弯辊力设定对高速冷连轧过程的板形控制至关重要。针对某1 750 mm冷连轧机组的设备与工艺特点,计算并分析了弯辊力设定对成品带钢板形的影响规律。深入研究了带钢宽度、单位轧制力、中间辊横移量、带钢入口厚度、带钢凸度、轧辊辊径和轧辊凸度等因素对最优弯辊力的影响。通过大量统计分析和理论计算,利用Origin软件进行多元回归拟合,最终建立了冷连轧过程最优弯辊力的设定计算模型。采用新模型设定计算弯辊力的最大偏差小于3.14%,成品带钢的板形标准差平均值降至2.64 IU,新模型对成品带钢板形质量的控制有明显改善和提高。实践证明：该弯辊力模型具有较高的板形控制精度和较好的板形控制稳定性,适合于工业生产。     

四辊冷连轧机高强钢板形控制技术研究

针对2030mm冷连轧机轧制高强度汽车板时出现严重的边浪板形问题,现场取样、测量了典型品种高强钢板变形过程中的力学性能和温度参数,在此基础上提出了一整套高强钢汽车板冷轧的板形控制技术,包括第1～第4机架选用变接触支撑辊辊型及与其配套的工作辊凸度,将带钢横向温度分布对板形的影响补偿到高强钢板形目标曲线中,这些技术应用后使高强钢板形控制精度由原来的93.72%提高到了97.10%。     

An Analytical Modified Model of Clad Sheet Bonding by Cold Rolling Using Upper Bond Theorem

In this paper, clad sheet bonding by cold rolling was investigated using the upper bond theorem. Plastic deformation behavior of the strip at the roll gap was investigated, unlike previous methods; distinctive angular velocities are used for different zones in roll gap in present model and absolute minimum of rolling power function is achieved. Rolling power, rolling force, and thickness ratio of the rolled product affected by various rolling condition such as flow stress of sheets, initial thickness ratio, roller radius, total thickness reduction, coefficient of friction between rollers and metals and between components layer, roll speed, etc., are discussed. It was found that the theoretical prediction of the thickness ratio of the rolled product, rolling force, and rolling power are in good agreement with the experimental measurement.     

1200mm冷轧平整机设计与实践

分析了冷轧平整机辊型配置对带钢板形的影响因素和机理,对辊型进行计算与配置,将工作辊由平辊改为中凸形,支撑辊由平辊改为边部弧线形,提高弯辊和控制板形的效率,使带钢浪形缺陷的控制水平进一步提高。     

Effect of carbide properties of roll materials on lubricity in cold sheet rolling of low-carbon steel

The prevention of friction pick-up, which often occurs under the condition of high reduction and/or high speed, is required to improve the productivity in cold sheet rolling of low-carbon steel. Therefore, rolls made of high-chromium steels and high-speed steels with different carbide contents are tested in order to evaluate the effect of various properties of the carbide component of the materials on the lubrication characteristics. Coefficients of friction for the reduction in thickness and the limit of the reduction of friction pick-up are measured using the sliding–rolling simulation testing machine developed by one of the authors. The experimental results show that carbides on the surface of the roll can stop the increase in friction pick-up, and that keeping the carbide spacing small is effective in preventing friction pick-up. Because of the effectiveness of carbides, a high-chromium steel roll with controlled carbide morphology is manufactured and applied in a cold tandem mill. The results of the application show that the carbide-controlled roll has an excellent antiseizure property and is effective in improving productivity.