IP在ATM上的承载技术MPLS

本文简要分析IP、ATM以及IP在ATM上承载的技术难点,指出MPLS的实质是IP动态路由协议和ATM第二层交换的融合,阐述了MPLS的技术优势。     

在ATM网络上MPLS的实现

多协议标记交换技术(MPLS)能在主干网上大大提高IP转发性能，并提供服务分类(CoS)及服务质量保证(QoS)。MPLS在现有的主干ATM网上可提供高性能的IP服务。该文主要介绍了MPLS技术，并讨论了在ATM网上实现MPLS所必须解决的一些关健技术。     

基于ATM的IP组播

介绍了ＩＰ组播和ＡＴＭ组播及当前在ＡＴＭ网络中实现ＩＰ组播的方法。讨论了ＩＥＴＦＲ基于ＡＴＭ的ＩＰ组播的优点与不足,描述了一个用ＡＴＭ网络传输多路ＭＰＥＧ－Ｉ视频信号的应用。     

IP over SDH与IP over ATM比较

现代远程教育是近年来国际教育发展的重要趋势。该文简单介绍了SDH和ATM技术,将IPoverSDH和IPoverATM从协议开销、带宽管理、服务质量、地址分配、路由及流控等方面进行了全面的比较。最后,给出了在现代远程教育中选择这两种技术的指南。对现代远程教育的具体实施具有一定的参考价值。     

Layer 2 over IP/MPLS

Over the past several years, traditional carriers and Internet service providers (ISPs) have invested billions of dollars deploying high-speed, high-capacity IP networks. This expansion is intended to lay the foundation for a network that could accommodate exponential traffic growth and deliver new revenue-generating services. Traffic from advanced services incorporating elements such as on-demand video, packet voice, wireless communications, and peer-to-peer networking is expected to consume whatever capacity providers can offer while leading to increased opportunities for revenue growth. The advanced services traffic has yet to materialize. An unintentional consequence of this buildout, however, is that ISP networks possess a glut of capacity. At the same time, ISPs are under great pressure to reduce operational and infrastructure costs while attempting to make money and attract customers with new services. One way to achieve both goals is to carry all traffic over a single IP or multiprotocol label-switching (MPLS) network     

IP与ATM结合技术研究

对现有的IP与ATM相结合的技术进行讨论，以及各自的优缺点进行分析，并指出了进一步的研究方向。     

Fast setup of end-to-end paths for bandwidth constrained applications in an IP/MPLS–ATM integrated environment

Transport networks are currently being moved towards a model of high performance Internet Protocol/Multiprotocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) routers interconnected through intelligent core networks. Currently, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology has been widely deployed in several network backbones along with the Private Network-to-Network Interface (PNNI) protocols as the control plane. In order to cope with the increasing Internet traffic demands in the current context, fast setup of end-to-end paths with the required Quality of Service (QoS) is necessary.This paper analyzes the case of two IP/MPLS networks interconnected through an ATM core network, assuming MPLS as the mechanism to provide Traffic Engineering in the IP networks, and a PNNI-based control plane in the core network. This paper aims to define a mechanism needed to set up a fast end-to-end QoS Label Switched Path (LSP) between two Label Switched Routers (LSRs) belonging to different IP/MPLS domains. First, the fast end-to-end setup is achieved by modifying the network backbone control plane. Second, two different aggregation schemes are proposed to summarize the QoS network state information to be transported through the ATM core network. Therefore, both the efficient aggregation schemes and the fast mechanism allow source routing to set up a path faster than the existing methods and to reduce the blocking probability using a summary of the available resource information.     

可扩展的基于MPLS的稀疏模式IP组播算法

提出了一种可扩展性较好的基于MPLS的稀疏模式的IP组播算法,利用分枝节点和隧道相结合的原理,实现了共享树的组播。通过使用隧道技术,实现多点到多点的MPLS共享树组播,解决了MPLS组播中的关键问题：mp2mp的标签分配。基于网络仿真软件NS-2,实现了该算法的仿真模块。实验证明,该算法是可行和有效的。     

ＡＴＭ承载IP的地址解析方法分析

地址解析方法的研究是ATM承载IP数据的主要研究课题之一。介绍了ATM承载IP数据的几种典型技术的地址解析过程,并对它们的解析结构、解析效率、解析功能等特性进行了比较分析。     

ATM网络支持IP协议的研究及实现

ATM网络是面向连接的,而传统局域网则采用无连接的IP协议。该文讨论了ATM网络和传统局域网互联的方法、ATM地址与IP地址映射方法、IP数据包的封装及IPOverATM的实现。     

ATM网络支持IP组播协议的研究

ATM网络支持IP组播是IP和ATM集成的一个重要方面。IP组播属于接收者控制结构,ATM网络支持的组播属于发送者控制结构,ATM网络支持IP组播的关键是两种结构之间的匹配。文中对匹配方法进行了研究,并进行了一些讨论。     

Multiprotocol label switching and IP. Part I. MPLS VPNs over IP tunnels

Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) is a tunneling technology used in many service provider networks. The most popular MPLS-enabled application in use today is the MPLS virtual private network, MPLS VPNs were developed to operate over MPLS networks, but they can also run over native IP networks. This offers providers flexibility in network-deployment choices, improved routing system scalability, and greater reach to customers. The key element is the ability to encapsulate MPLS packets in IP tunnels.     

MPLS支持移动IP的QoS机制研究

随着移动技术和应用的迅猛发展,移动设备的用户希望在移动过程中保持因特网接入和连续通信,且仍能获得如固定接入一样的网络QoS。近年来对固定IP网的QoS研究取得了一定的成果,但对移动IP网的QoS研究还很不足。分析研究了国内外各种QoS技术,在Y.1281［1］框架结构的基础上,提出了一种基于QoS代理的移动 IP QoS机制,能基本解决移动环境下的QoS保障问题。     

Packet loss probability for DiffServ over IP and MPLS reliable homogeneous multicast networks

Multicasting has become increasingly important with the emergence of Internet-based applications such as IP telephony, audio/video conferencing, distributed databases and software upgrading. IP multicasting is an efficient way to distribute information from a single source to multiple destinations at different locations. In practice IP is considered as a layer 3 protocol. Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) replaces the IP forwarding by a simple label lookup. MPLS combines the flexibility of layer 3 routing and layer 2 switching.In order to provide QoS in group communications for real time applications such as video conferencing, reliable multicasting is used. Miscellaneous efforts have been undertaken to provide reliability on top of IP multicast. Two error control strategies have been popular in practice. These are the FEC (Forward Error Correction) strategy, which uses error correction alone, and the ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) strategy, which uses error detection, combined with retransmission of data.In this paper, we present a new fair share policy (FSP) that utilizes Differentiated Services to solve the problems of QoS and congestion control when reliable ARQ multicast is used. The results should provide insight into the comparisons of the residual packet loss probability between IP multicast in MPLS networks using FSP and plain IP multicasting using the same policy when DiffServ are adopted and when reliable ARQ multicast is considered.     

Nine methods to extend SMIL for multimedia applications

The SMIL 2.0 multimedia standard has been designed for use on the Web. It supports keyboard and mouse as input devices. Typically, SMIL players can play out text, images, audio, and video. SMIL also has a strong support for declarative synchronization and timing. Being an open standard, SMIL could well be utilized in custom applications, in environments such as info kiosks and multimedia consoles. However, these environments usually require better input and output capabilities not available in SMIL. This paper presents nine methods to extend SMIL for custom multimedia applications. The methods include ways to attach new input sources, output capabilities, and extended internal logic. Also, an implementation of an extensible SMIL player is given. As a conclusion, SMIL can be extended in several ways for custom multimedia applications. These extensions will provide new ideas for the future multimedia languages. Recently, W3C has published SMIL 2.1, which is an updated version of the SMIL 2.0 specification. Kari Pihkala graduated from the Helsinki University of Technology, Finland, where he received his M.Sc. degree in 1999 and Ph.D. degree in 2004. His research interests include XML, multimedia, and mobile devices. Petri Vuorimaa is head of the Telecommunications Software and Multimedia Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland. He has both M.Sc. (1990) and Dr.Tech. (1995) degrees from Tampere University of Technology, Finland. His current research interests include digital television, mobile multimedia, and XML.     

ATM承载IP的地址解析体系结构探讨

该文提出了一种新的ATM承载IP的地址解析体系结构,并描述了该体系结构的工作机制。通过对时延性能进行分析和软件仿真,证明新的体系结构有更高的解析效率。     

IP/MPLS over WDM网络生存性的研究

该文首先分析了IP/MPLS over WDM网络单层生存性和多层联合生存性,并就生存性策略的性能进行对比,然后对多层空闲资源分配进行了研究。     

实现IP over ATM网络安全

IPoverATM网络是目前的一个研究课题。为了在ATM网上实现IP传输,人们提出了一些新的协议,但这些协议本身的安全性还没有进行深入地了解和验证。该文讨论了“经典IPoverATM”网络中存在的一些安全问题及其解决方案,提出了基于交换机的配置方法和对ATMARP服务的扩展。     

一种减小基于MPLS的移动IP的注册时延的新机制

当移动节点在FA之间频繁切换时,需要完成频繁的注册过程,减小移动IP的注册时延,对减小切换过程中分组的时延、丢包率具有重要意义。本文利用MPLS具有快速转发的特点,给出了一种减小基于MPLS的移动IP的注册时延的新机制,该机制通过在GFA同HA之间建立一条信令LSP,来转发移动IP的信令消息。     

IP宽带网络服务质量保证部署的实用研究

给出T对IP宽带网络从间接QoS和直接QoS两个角度进行QoS部署的一般性思路。对于间接QoS,给出了通过MPLS流量工程进行流量平衡的一般性建议;对于直接施用QoS机制的方式,提出了在网络核心部署高效率的区分服务,通过Pass-through的方式对用户端的RSVP信令给予支持方法,并给出了一些相关概念和工程实施的建议。