海洋石油平台EMS系统的设计与实现

介绍海洋石油平台电力组网的EMS系统设计。针对海上石油平台电网的特点,提出了集SCADA、在线安控及电站综合自动化等功能为一体的EMS系统建设方案,并对EMS的有功功率(频率)控制、电压无功控制、优先脱扣、高周切机、通信故障控制策略进行研究,解决了小电网的安全稳定控制问题。     

应用于海洋平台振动检测的无线传感器系统技术研究

海洋平台长期服役在恶劣的海洋环境里,特别是进入中后期服役阶段,其安全问题越来越成为制约海洋平台正常作业的重要因素,对海洋平台结构进行快速、便捷、实时动态检测是进行平台结构安全评估、维修决策、保障海洋平台正常使用的重要前提。文章介绍了一种用于海洋平台快速振动检测的无线传感网络检测系统,提出了系统的总体架构,分析了系统中加速度传感器的选取方法,完成了无线传感节点的原理及架构设计,最后通过在海洋平台结构模型上进行模拟海冰撞击的敲击试验,验证了所设计的无线传感网络检测系统在海洋平台结构振动检测中的应用可行性。     

一种用于管道检测的磁致伸缩式周向超声导波传感器

传感器由磁化器、激励线圈、接收线圈和聚磁器等组成.实验结果表明,利用周向超声导波传感器可以在大直径管道中激励和接收周向超声导波并可对管道中的缺陷进行长范围、全覆盖的非接触无损检测.     

近距离海洋平台间无线通讯方案分析

在海洋工程改造和调整项目中,会使用无线通讯系统连接近距离新老平台的控制系统。本文通过对微波扩频和无线仪表两种海洋平台常用无线通讯技术的分析与对比,结合项目实际情况,得出了采用微波扩频技术作为近距离海洋平台间无线通讯的方案,并对同类项目具有借鉴和示范作用。     

An equivalent element representing local flexibility of tubular joints in structural analysis of offshore platforms

An equivalent element representing the local flexibility of tubular joints for structural analysis of offshore platforms is developed in this paper.     

SOS Based Robust Control for Dynamic Positioning System Subject to Actuator Saturation

International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems - In this paper, the problem of thruster saturation is considered for dynamic positioning systems of offshore platforms, specifically, a...     

Optimizing multiship routing and scheduling with constraints on inventory levels in a Brazilian oil company

This study addresses a real‐life multiship routing and scheduling application with inventory constraints that arises in pickup and delivery operations of different types of crude oil from various offshore oil rigs (platforms) to coastal terminals. Oil transportation largely results from the need to maintain inventories at each supply point (platform) between minimum and maximum levels, considering production rates in these operational points, and to meet demands of different oils in the terminals within the planning time horizon. Routing and scheduling of the available fleet aims to obtain solutions of minimum total costs, subject to various constraints such as the maximum volume of cargo carried on each ship, simultaneous cargo unloading in some terminals, conditions that rule ship docking in offshore platforms and terminal berths, among others. In this research, we modify and extend inventory constrained maritime routing and scheduling models to appropriately represent the problem of a case study at a Brazilian company and to solve small‐to‐moderate instances based on real data. We also present a matheuristic to deal with larger problem instances. Solution evaluation by company experts indicates that the model and this hybrid heuristic properly represent the problem and highlights the potential of their application in practice.     

海洋平台数据管理的无线控制仪系统设计

为了实现对海洋平台结构进行检测、监测所采集数据的可靠管理,保证平台结构能够安全、正常运行,结合无线传感器网络技术与数据挖掘技术,进行了海洋平台结构响应数据的无线控制仪管理系统设计.给出了无线控制仪管理系统的总体架构设计,以现有串口通讯技术为基础完成了无线控制仪的硬件集成,结合数据挖掘分类技术给出了无线控制仪的软件分析与设计;实验结果表明了该无线控制仪管理系统的可靠性,该系统实现平台多点振动测量、数据分类与存储、数据时频域分析以及多节点运行管理等功能,为海洋平台结构振动响应数据的采集和分析提供了新的解决手段,具有很好的应用前景.     

Detection and diagnosis of changes in the eigenstructure of nonstationary multivariable systems

The two problems of detection and diagnosis of changes in the state transition matrix of a multivariable system with nonstationary unknown state noise are addressed. New instrumental tests are derived and shown to be numerically powerful, even for small changes. The application to vibration monitoring of offshore platforms is described.     

基于IEC60870-5-104的海缆监测数据发布系统

海底电缆综合在线监测系统多用于海上采油平台、海上风电场等重大海上项目工程中.为了实现海缆在线监测系统数据的远端发布功能,使得数据的传输更为高效、可靠,本文深入分析了IEC60870-5-104规约的结构模型和通信过程,并在此基础上提出了一套基于该规约的海缆在线监测数据远端发布系统的设计方案,阐述了该系统的设计思路和层次模型,同时针对其中存在的动态配置以及海量数据传输这两个关键问题提出了相应的解决方案,最后通过某海上工程项目应用实例验证了该方案的可行性.     

虚拟仿真在海洋平台钻修井作业培训中的应用

针对目前海洋平台钻修井作业培训模拟仿真系统中环境代入感差、操作沉浸感差的不足,建立一套基于Unity-3D平台的具有交互功能、临界真实操作环境的钻柱自动化处理虚拟仿真系统。采用海上钻修井平台的实际数据对该系统进行仿真应用,结果表明,本系统可以为训练人员营造逼真的训练环境,通过在本虚拟仿真系统中的训练可以提高操作人员的操作技能和对特殊情况的处置能力。     

Mapping the underside of an iceberg with a modified underwater glider

Icebergs pose many challenges to offshore operations in the Arctic Ocean and sub‐arctic regions. They could damage underwater infrastructure such as pipelines, and disrupt marine transportation. The below‐water shape of an iceberg is a key factor for iceberg management in the North Atlantic Ocean because it affects the iceberg towing plans and iceberg drift patterns. In recent years, unmanned platforms have been proposed as potential candidates for underwater iceberg mapping. Compared to a conventional ship‐based iceberg survey, using unmanned platforms is more efficient and safer. In this paper, we present research using a hybrid underwater glider to measure the underwater shape of an iceberg. The vehicle is equipped with a mechanical scanning sonar for range sensing and iceberg mapping, and a guidance system is designed to use the sonar measurements for guiding the vehicle to circumnavigate an iceberg at the desired standoff distance. Several field experiments have been conducted on an iceberg to evaluate the system performance. With repeated observations, the underside of the target iceberg was successfully reconstructed, and iceberg shape comparisons are presented.     

Sensitivity analysis and simulation of dispersed oil concentrations in the North Sea with the PROVANN model

The dilution and spreading of dispersed oil in produced water from 95 offshore oil production platforms in the North Sea area have been calculated with the numerical model PROVANN. Amounts of releases are specified on a yearly basis. The simulations include simultaneous calculations for all sources expanding over a time period of one year. The calculations use a three-dimensional and time-varying current field for the North Sea generated by a hydrodynamic model.The PROVANN calculations are verified by testing the model's ability to reproduce analytical solutions of the diffusion–advection equation. The model is further verified by comparing calculated concentrations with field measurements on a regional scale.     

A novel hybridized metaheuristic technique in enhancing the diagnosis of cross-sectional dent damaged offshore platform members

Offshore jacket platforms are widely used for oil and gas extraction as well as transportation in shallow to moderate water depth. Tubular cross-sectional elements are used to construct offshore platforms. Tubular cross sections impart higher resistance against hydrodynamic forces and have high torsional rigidity. During operation, the members can be partially or fully damaged due to lateral impacts. The lateral impacts can be due to ship collisions or through the impact of falling objects. The impact forces can weaken some members that influence the overall performance of the platform. This demonstrates an urgent need to develop a framework that can accurately forecast dent depth as well as dent angle of the affected members. This study investigates the use of an adaptive metaheuristics algorithm to provide automatic detection of denting damage in an offshore structure. The damage information includes dent depth and the dent angle. A model is developed in combination with the percentage of the dent depth of the damaged member and is used to assess the performance of the method. It demonstrates that small changes in stiffness of individual damaged bracing members are detectable from measurements of global structural motion.     

浅谈远程I/O技术在海洋石油平台的实践和应用

远程I/O技术作为一种新型的控制技术,近几年发展迅速,在工业控制领域的应用越来越广,技术上有一定的先进性。针对海洋石油平台远程I/O技术解决方案进行介绍与分析,给出了该技术在海洋石油平台应用的建议与思考。     

Analysis of the interaction between the module structures and the deck of an offshore oil production platform

A matrix method of analysis of the interaction between the module structures and the deck of an offshore oil production platform is presented. The interaction problem does not appear to have been given adequate attention before and as a result, design problems have occurred in some platforms currently under construction for the North Sea. The proposed method of analysis is very simple and is suitable for use in practical design office work.     

海洋修井机火气系统

在海上石油及天然气开采过程中,海洋平台作为油气采集、临时存储及简单处理的重要场所.其危险性极大.火气系统对危险区电气设施进行实时监控及报警,对于第一时间扑灭火灾防止灾难发生有着重要的意义.本文从技术要求、系统架构、元器件选型、信号传输网络等几个方面对海洋修井机火气系统的设计进行了探讨.     

Optimum robust detection of changes in the AR part of a multivariable ARMA process

We investigate the theoretical properties of new instruments-based test statistics recently proposed [3] for detection and diagnosis of changes in the AR part of a multivariable ARMA process. The design flexibilities are analyzed, and the optimum design of the test is exhibited. The connection with the accuracy of the I.V. identification method [14] is established, and the comparison with the local likelihood ratio tests is done. These tests have been developed as a solution to the problem of vibration monitoring for offshore platforms.     

Portable FORTRAN programming tools in the development of a structural analysis program

This work presents two groups of FORTRAN routines, comprising portable programming tools for the development of structural analysis programs. These tools were applied in the enhancement of the CALEB program for collapse analysis of offshore platforms and general framed structures. The RINCOM (COMmand INterpreter Routines) group of routines was employed to build a pre-processor for CALEB, allowing data to be input in the form of a problem-oriented language; the second group provides facilities for incore memory management. The text details the operations performed by these routines, with the help of the source code listings presented in the Appendices.     

An extraction of the natural frequencies and mode shapes of marine risers by the method of differential transformation

In the offshore oil and gas industry, marine risers are critical conductors connecting platforms to the wellheads at the seabed for drilling, production and transmission, the vortex-induced vibration design of which requires accurate knowledge of the natural frequencies and mode shapes. The vibration characteristics of marine risers are re-examined in this paper using the method of differential transformation, which is relatively new technique capable of dealing with eigenvalue problems rather efficiently. Natural frequencies and mode shapes of marine risers are examined for various boundary conditions, and solutions are compared with numerical and experimental results published in the literature where available.