基于MDA的HLA仿真开发方法

为了解决HLA与其它中间件产品脱节、应用范围局限以及可重用的问题,将MDA方法引入HLA仿真设计中,尝试用MDA的模型思想提升HLA在整个软件生命周期内的可重用和互操作问题.通过将联邦成员的行为逻辑和集成代码分开,并用邦员的PIM映射行为逻辑,用SOM映射集成代码,建立PIM和SOM之间的对应关系并映射成接口代码,纵向条理化了联邦成员的开发,降低了联邦成员代码开发的复杂性和集成的难度.在对模型进行描述和映射时,分析了HLA对象模型和面向对象模型的区别和联系,建立了用MDA思想描述联邦成员的平台无关和平台相关模型的开发过程框架.     

基于ASP.NET三层架构的MDA模型变换

MDA构建了PIM和PSM,定义了模型间的自动映射,这种映射即模型变换。模型变换分为模型到模型的变换和模型到代码的变换两大类。本文通过分析基于ASP.NET的三层架构,构建MDA框架,定义模型变换规则,组成模型变换定义,实现模型间的变换。     

从BPMN到可执行业务流程建模

传统的可视化业务流程模型通常都无法直接转换成可执行的流程,而利用业务流程建模符号(BPMN)建立的业务流程模型可以直接映射到业务流程执行语言(BPEL4WS),在业务流程执行引擎中直接运行,提高了从业务流程建模到执行的效率。介绍了BPMN的基本符号及其与BPEL4WS的映射关系,给出了利用BPMN建模一个第三方物流运作流程并实现的案例。     

自适应体系结构的动态业务流程管理研究

研究了基于需求驱动的自适应体系结构的动态业务流程管理框架,设计了业务流程案例库,采用基于案例推理中的最近相邻检索策略匹配正确的流程案例,然后启动流程引擎执行BPEL描述的相应业务流程.     

一种面向业务规则和流程的推理引擎架构

目前基于业务流程模型控制规则引擎的工作流引擎已经开始提倡使用。针对这种情况,基于BPMN业务流程模型的工作流引擎,提出一种适用于业务流程模型和规则集成与执行的推理引擎架构。该架构引入XTT2的规则表示,集成了jBPM工作流管理系统和HeaRT规则引擎,由工作流引擎控制专用规则推理引擎执行规则决策表运行。原型实现表明了该架构可实现规则任务的可视化设计,并支持对得到的规则任务模型的形式验证。     

MDA概念和技术在仿真系统开发中的应用研究

模型驱动架构(MDA)集成了统一建模语言(UML)、元对象机制(MOF)、可扩展标记语言(XML)和基于XML的元数据交换(XMI)等一系列标准,强调模型在软件开发中的重要作用.简要分析了建模与仿真和软件工程领域的若干典型模型开发与运行过程,将仿真系统的开发过程划分为需求工程、分析、设计、实现和试验五个主要阶段;探讨了模型驱动架构(MDA)的概念和技术(包括模型、建模技术、模型变换技术、代码自动生成技术等)在仿真系统开发各个阶段的应用;以交通仿真为例,给出了部分建模与仿真结果,展示了仿真系统开发过程与MDA相结合的可行性,表明了在MDA工具的支持下,MDA概念和技术的应用可以提高仿真系统的开发效率.     

基于SOA和BPEL的业务流程管理研究与应用

针对当前软件系统开发中存在的系统和组件差异等问题,引入了面向服务的体系结构(SOA)的框架和业务过程执行语言(BPEL),给出了基于SOA和BPEL的业务流程管理框架,介绍了业务流程执行引擎的结构,并结合一个具体应用实例详细说明了BPEL流程的执行过程.     

基于模型驱动的HLA建模仿真研究

HLA作为现有分布交互仿真的标准,其系统实现受限于特定的仿真支撑平台,互操作性和可重用性没有得到有效地应用.而OGM提出了模型驱动体系结构(MDA),核心思想是将系统的行为逻辑模型与特定的目标平台分离,可以重用于现有的或将来可能推出的不同的软件平台.关注MDA的特点,针对基于HLA的仿真系统开发存在的有关问题,设计了基于MDA的仿真组件模型和联邦成员组件模型,并提出了基于MDA的建模仿真基本过程.     

基于XML的项目管理工作流一体化建模研究

针对企业大量业务流程经常变化的特点和管理问题,提出一种基于XML的项目管理工作流模型。对工作流管理联盟制定的工作流过程定义元模型进行了改进和简化,并给出了元模型的组成元素与相关属性;基于改进的工作流元模型,使用XML对工作流过程模型进行了定义;介绍了工作流引擎的主要设计思想和DOM4J解析方法。基于过站航班运行保障流程建模实验结果表明,所提出的基于XML的工作流模型能很好地表示任务节点及其关系,并且便于数据的传输和共享。     

模型驱动架构（MDA）相关技术研究与实现

MDA的实现关键在于正确地建立模型和模型之间、模型和平台之间的关系，并准确地定义并实现不同模型之间的映射，本文探讨在MDA框架下，从元模型的构建、模型的映射到最终代码的生成一系列的实现技术。     

模型驱动构架中基于元模型的设计模式单元的组建和转换

设计模式种类繁多而且在不断变化,要在模型驱动构架（MDA）下真正做到从思想和实现上均能应用设计模式,需要解决其实例化后的模式消失问题,保证模式的独立性,并且可以将这个过程适用到多种设计模式中去。针对以上两个问题,采取一种基于元模型的设计模式单元的建模方法,从元模型层面划分基本操作为不可分的原子,组合出完整的不包含业务逻辑部分的设计模式单元元模型,使多种模式单元元模型的组合构建和业务、模式逻辑相分离在经过一次转换过程后同时实现。     

“过程”新论

“过程”本是计算机界早期的话题.关于“过程”的研究热潮早已成为过去,很长时间已很少有人谈及“过程”.然而,工作流和业务过程管理系统（BPMS）的出现使“过程”再次成为研究的热点.业务过程管理系统被认为是继工作流技术之后实现业务过程的创建、集成、复用的下一代技术.它在过程的描述、实现方法上用Process把业务流中的控制流、数据流和参与者统一起来.Petri Net是一种很好的描述过程管理的模型,它能够较好地描述系统执行过程中的并行、竞争和同步等特性.本文论述了建立过程模型中遇到的一些新问题,并介绍了一种基于Petri Net扩展后形成的信牌驱动式业务过程模型,和用于解决业务管理中诸多问题的方法和相关研究工作.     

支持MDA的设计模式建模与模型转换方法研究

设计模式是描述某一类问题的通用解决方案,可以提高软件开发的可重用性,但在设计模式建模中存在模式消失和模式组合复杂化等问题,模型的可扩展性低,不利于模型到代码的自动化转换。由此,在MDA框架下,引入角色的建模思想,提出了一种基于Ecore的设计模式建模和模型转换方法,该方法在元模型层抽象并扩展了设计模式通用元素的元模型,使得不同的模式组合模型通过对相同的模式元素元模型进行转换可以获得相应的应用模型,从而增强了设计模式建模的可扩展性和模型转换的通用性,为MDA框架中设计模式建模和模型转换提供了一种有效的途径。     

Analysing factors impacting BPMS performance: a case of a challenged technology adoption

Business Process Management Suites (BPMSs) have been adopted in organisations to model, improve and automate business processes as they aim to increase the quality, efficiency and agility of their business processes. Yet, many organisations struggle to achieve the benefits they expected from a BPMS. This interpretive case study in a large South African financial services organisation explains factors found to negatively impact successful BPMS adoption. The paper describes how an IT team struggled to increase process agility with a BPMS in a large legacy application landscape. The dominant factors causing the struggle were the difficulty of integrating with other applications and a lack of governance around BPM. Interesting findings on the difficulties in resourcing BPM IT teams are presented. The impact of BPM strategy, culture and governance on BPM methods, resourcing, data and technology is explained. The BPM literature lacks empirical qualitative case studies and theoretical models. This paper aimed to contribute to both needs. The theoretical contribution of this paper is two models. The first inductively derived explanatory contextual model should be useful for practitioners wanting to adopt a BPMS. Using this study’s findings and models from the literature, a second, more generic explanatory model of information system performance is derived for a BPMS.

     

基于BPML的商务流程定制工具的开发与应用

工作流管理系统(WfMS)吸引着众多研究机构和工业界的关注,商务流程管理系统(BPMS)可以看成是工作流管理系统在电子商务中的应用。流程定制工具是商务流程管理系统的一个重要部分,该文根据项目的要求开发了一套基于BPML的商务流程定制工具,并且成功地与商务流程管理系统无缝集成,企业可以根据需求随时对商务流程进行更改,提高了企业的商务应变能力,增强了商务竞争力。     

A systematic literature review on the architecture of business process management systems

Due to the high complexity of modern-day business, organizations are forced to quickly adapt to a wide range of cutting-edge developments. These developments influence the structure and behavior of the business processes that represent the work and of the Business Process Management Systems (BPMS) that support them. Consequently, the architecture of BPMS has changed a lot over the past two decades. However, there is no systematic overview of the research done in this area since the Workflow reference model first set the standard for BPMS architecture in 1995. To bridge this gap, this paper presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of BPMS architectures, by analyzing 41 primary studies taken from a gross collection of 608 research papers. The BPMS architectures that served as primary studies were compared with respect to the reference architecture that they are based on, the level of elaboration at which they are described, the architectural styles that they use, the means with which they are evaluated, and the functionality that they support. The resulting comparison provides an overview of and insights into the current body of knowledge on BPMS architectures.     

从EDOC的业务过程建模到J2EE应用程序框架的MDA转换

OMG（Object Management Group,对象管理组织）提出的模型驱动架构（MDA,Model Driven Architecture）是解决不同中间件平台之间的集成以及技术升级所引起的问题的软件开发方法。MDA的基本思想是将系统的模型作为软件开发过程的核心制品,并且将模型区分为描述系统业务功能的平台独立模型（PIM,Platform Independent Model）和描述系统在特定技术平台上实现细节的平台相关模型（PSM,Platform Specific Model）。模型转换是MDA开发的核心内客。MDA的开发效率依赖于良好的支撑工具,特别是支持模型转换的工具的涌现。本文介绍一种对业务过程建模并将模型转换成程序代码的设计恩想和实现方法。开发者可以用该工具对企业的业务过程建模。这个工具能将建立的模型自动转换成J2EE平台上的程序代码。     

Managing context in business process management systems

Businesses need to continuously focus on change and innovation in order to survive in dynamic environments. The ability of an organization to deploy appropriate business processes requires that the fit between business processes and systems that support the management of these processes is continuously maintained and evolved. Acquisition and use of the knowledge about the context in which business processes are defined, modified, and implemented can help maintain this fit. We identify requirements for a business process management system (BPMS) capable of managing contextual knowledge. Based on these requirements, we have enhanced KOPeR, a knowledge-based system for business process improvement, with an explanation facility that can acquire and maintain knowledge about the context behind process definitions and design choices. A case study that illustrates the functionalities of this system which is designed to improve the fit between business processes and BPMS is presented.

A complete approach for CIM modelling and model formalising

ContextComputation Independent Model (CIM) as a business model describes the requirements and environment of a business system and instructs the designing and development; it is a key to influencing software success. Although many studies currently focus on model driven development (MDD); those researches, to a large extent, study the PIM-level and PSM-level model, and few have dealt with CIM-level modelling for case in which the requirements are unclear or incomplete.ObjectiveThis paper proposes a CIM-level modelling approach, which applies a stepwise refinement approach to modelling the CIM-level model starting from a high-level goal model to a lower-level business process model. A key advantage of our approach is the combination of the requirement model with the business model, which helps software engineers to define business models exactly for cases in which the requirements are unclear or incomplete.MethodThis paper, based on the model driven approach, proposes a set of models at the CIM-level and model transformations to connect these models. Accordingly, the formalisation approach of this paper involves formalising the goal model using the category theory and the scenario model and business process model using Petri nets.ResultsWe have defined a set of metamodels and transformation rules making it possible to obtain automatically a scenario model from the goal model and a business process model from the scenario model. At the same time, we have defined a mapping rule to formalise these models. Our proposed CIM modelling approach and formalisation approach are implemented with an MDA tool, and it has been empirically validated by a travel agency case study.ConclusionThis study shows how a CIM modelling approach helps to build a complete and consistent model at the CIM level for cases in which the requirements are unclear or incomplete in advance.     

面向数据的BPM中服务垂直匹配研究

针对面向数据的业务流程管理(BPM)系统中逻辑模型向物理模型的自动转换问题,提出一种服务垂直匹配解决方法。利用XML描述artifact类型的实例,在此基础上,给出以artifact为中心的业务流程模型ArtiFlow的形式化描述及逻辑服务的定义,进而从流程描述中提取逻辑服务,基于XML文档树的嵌入方法,提出逻辑服务到物理服务的匹配算法。