管状YSZ电解持的制备及其在固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用

以8mol%钇稳定化氧化锆（YSZ）为原料,以阿拉伯树胶为分散剂和粘接剂,采用改进注浆法制备出长度为226－260mm、壁厚为0.4-0.9mm的致密YSZ电解质薄管。设计并制出带有一定锥度的空芯石膏膜,研究了球磨时间对成型料浆稳定性的影响,烧结温度对YSZ样品致密度的影响。研究结果表明：球磨时间在75-140min的范围内料浆的稳定性较好,随烧结温度的升高,样品的致密度提高。用这种YSZ薄管制成固体氧化物燃料电池,电池的电学性能随温度的升高而明显提高,三节电池串联的最大功率为2.2W。     

低成本YSZ电解质膜管的制备和性能研究

用真空注浆法制备出膜厚为0.2mm的8mol%YSZ电解质膜管，用排水法、SEM和复阻抗等分析手段研究了YSZ电解质膜管烧结密度、表面形貌及其电导性能，确定了可使YSZ电解质膜管获得最佳烧结性能的烧结温度。研究结果表明，真空注浆法是一种制备高烧结性能YSZ电解质膜管的简单方法。用这一方法已制备出相对密度为98.1%、长度为254mm的致密YSZ电解质膜管，其烧结温度范围比传统注浆法制备YSZ电解质管降低了190～200℃。研究还表明，随烧结温度升高，样品致密度增大，导电性能也逐渐提高。经1600℃烧结2h样品的烧结密度和导电性能均达到最佳值；进一步提高烧结温度，样品的致密度和电学性能均有所下降。     

改进注浆法制备YSZ电解质薄管的烧结和电性能

用改进注浆法制备出8mol%钇稳定化氧化锆（YSZ）电解质长薄管，研究了YSZ电解质长薄管的烧结工艺，分析了烧结过程和Al2O3掺入量对其致密性的影响，确定了相应的烧结制度，并对所获得的YSZ电解质薄管的电性能进行了研究。研究结果表明：升温速度对YSZ长薄管的性能有着重要影响，坯体中阿拉伯树胶在600℃时被完全烧尽，1400～1500℃的温度范围是烧结的重要阶段，这期间气孔率显著下降，致密性明显提高。加入适量的Al2O3有助于提高YSZ长薄管的致密性。样品的氧离子电导率随烧结密度的增大而提高。利用改进注浆法和上述烧结工艺在1650℃已烧制出相对密度为96.7%、长度为266mm、厚度为0.4～0.9mm的YSZ电解质长薄管。     

NiO/YSZ陶瓷料浆的流变性质研究

本工作详细研究了碳黑粉、固含量、球磨时间、分散剂用量和pH值对NiO/YSZ陶瓷料浆流变性质的影响.结果表明:料浆均表现出剪切变稀行为,且为假塑性流体;确定了最佳实验参数,当pH=9,分散剂用量为2%(体积分数),球磨4h的NiO/YSZ水基料浆稳定性好,适合于成型SOFC的Ni/YSZ阳极材料,并最终制备出体积分数为50%,适合浇注的NiO/YSZ陶瓷料浆.     

微波烧结氧化锌压敏电阻的致密化和晶粒生长

研究了微波烧结的ZnO压敏电阻的致密化和生长动力学, 微波烧结温度从900～1200℃, 保温时间从20min～2h. 研究表明, 微波烧结ZnO压敏电阻的物相组成和传统烧结的样品没有区别; 微波烧结有助于样品的致密化, 并降低致密化温度. 随着烧结温度的升高, 致密化和反致密化作用共同影响样品的密度, 其中Bi的挥发是主要影响因素. 微波烧结ZnO压敏电阻的晶粒生长动力学指数为2.9～3.4, 生长激活能为225kJ/mol, 传统烧结的ZnO压敏电阻的晶粒生长动力学指数为3.6～4.2, 生长激活能为363kJ/mol. 液相Bi₂O₃、尖晶石相和微波的“非热效应”是影响微波烧结ZnO压敏电阻陶瓷晶粒生长的主要因素.     

机械球磨-热压法制备Bio.5Sb1.5Te3热电材料

用机械球磨-热压法制备了Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3热电材料,分别研究了机械球磨时间对合成Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3合金相的影响和烧结温度对其热电性能的影响.结果表明Bi、Sb、、Te原始混合粉末高能球磨10 h以后,就可以完全合金化,生成Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3相.球磨10h的粉末分别在400、450和520℃下热压烧结成型,烧结样品的密度随烧结温度的增大而增加,Seebeck系数和电阻率随烧结温度的升高而降低     

微波烧结Mn-Zn 铁氧体的微观结构演变特征

以传统氧化物法合成的Mn-Zn铁氧体前驱体和外购前驱体为实验原料,经压制成形后用频率为2.45 GHz的微波在1 200~1 400℃烧结制备Mn-Zn铁氧体软磁材料.对烧结过程样品的微观结构和形貌进行了研究,并探究了烧结过程致密化特性及微波加热温度对Mn-Zn铁氧体密度的影响.研究表明:微波烧结的Mn-Zn铁氧体具有典型的尖晶石结构,样品主体相为Mn0.4Zn0.6Fe2O4;用SEM观察样品形貌,发现在1 350~1 400℃烧结的样品结晶状况良好,晶界平直,烧结组织均匀;微波烧结温度对密度有较大影响,在1 200~1 400℃,随着烧结温度升高样品密度增高,密度为4.80~5.28 g/cm3,在1 400℃烧结样品比较致密.微波烧结可以实现样品的快速致密.     

双粒径组分YSZ纳米粉体的成型、烧结与电学性能研究

介绍了单粒径组分和双粒径组分YSZ纳米粉体的成型与烧结行为以及烧结体电学性能的研究.其中采用双粒径组分配料,在传统的单轴施压情况下成型,即能明显降低YSZ陶瓷膜的致密烧结温度,在1400℃烧结样品的相对密度可以达到93%, 1550℃烧结样品的相对密度能达到99%;所制备YSZ致密陶瓷膜在800℃的离子电导率为0.4S/cm.     

热压烧结Ti2AlC粉体的研究

以自蔓延高温合成（又称燃烧合成）的Ti2AlC粉体为原料，研究了不同热压温度对Ti2AlC粉体的烧结影响。实验结果表明，热压烧结Ti2AlC粉料可得到致密Ti2AlC陶瓷，在压力25MPa，保温2h的条件下，理想热压烧结温度为1400℃，热压温度〉1450℃时Ti2AlC会发生分解，并出现Ti2AlC2相；烧结温度为1400℃时Ti2AlC烧结体理论相对密度为98．1％，维氏硬度4．14GPa，断裂韧性7.86MPa·m^1/2；烧结样品的密度和断裂韧性随烧结温度升高而增大，其微观晶粒片状尺寸随烧结温度的升高而增大。     

复合掺杂8YSZ陶瓷性能的研究

以3Y-TZP/Bi_2O_3为复合添加剂制备8YSZ陶瓷材料,研究了复合掺杂对材料致密化、相组成、显微结构、力学性能及电学性能的影响.结果表明,3Y-TZP/Bi_2O_3复合添加剂的引入有利于材料的致密化,样品的烧结机理由固相烧结转变为液相烧结.引入3Y-TZP/Bi_2O_3后样品中出现了单斜相,且单斜相含量随四方相含量的增加而增加.材料的致密化使其具有良好的力学性能,同时对其电学性能也有一定的影响.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to     

Win-Win Cooperation

正The Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's recent trip to the UK has reinforced the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership;just as the British Prime Minister David Cameron put it,"the relationship is gaining in strength,depth and understanding"after a bucket of business deals being inked worth more than 30 billion US dollars.From the first agreement signing in 2004 to the new agreement of mutual standards recognition and adoption in     

Systematic Approach for Emerging Industry

正A national directory of standards complexes for strategic emerging sectors was recently developed and released jointly by 12governmental departments,namely,SAC,NDRC,MOST,MIIT,MEP,MOA,AQSIQ,State Forest Administration,State Administration of Science and Technology for National Defense,State Oceanic Administration and National Railway Administration.     

Strictest Pollutants Emission Standards

正Four new national standards on air pollutant emission control offi cially issued by the Ministry of Environment Protection(MEP)together with AQSIQ and SAC has been brought into force from July 1,2014.The Emission standard for air pollutants of coal-burning,oil-burning and gasfi red boilers,which is the strictest emission standard historically,will tackle the stubborn pollution problem of boilers and waste incineration in most of China’s regions.     

Instructions to Authors

New Carbon Materials is a bimonthly journal published with the permission of the Ministry of Science and Technology and of the State News and Publication Agency.The journal is sponsored by the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Science Press.Aims and Scope     

Progress on Standards Copyright Protection

正Recently,National Copyright Administration of China(NCAC)has rewarded 215 organizations and 179 individuals for their outstanding efforts on investigating standards copyright infringement and piracy in 2013.Hua Jianhua,the Deputy-Director of National Standards Copyright Protection Workgroup Office won a third prize of the national individual award.In 2012,SAC set up the national standards copyright protection working group,and developed policies to crack down standards infringement and piracy behaviors and to strengthen standards copyright protection.