HOUSING SEGREGATION IN THE SCHOOL AGE POPULATION AND THE LINK BETWEEN HOUSING AND SCHOOL SEGREGATION: A ST. LOUIS CASE STUDY

The age distributions of the black and white populations vary, as do the ways in which blacks and whites of differing ages are distributed geographically in metropolitan areas. The nature of these differences is such that, in racially mixed neighborhoods, black families with children are often mixed with childless or elderly white adults. For this reason, it is hypothesized that the school-age (5 to 17 years of age) population is more residentially segregated by race than is the total population. To test this hypothesis, segregation indices based on census tract data were computed for the St. Louis SMSA for 1980, for the total population and the school-age population. This analysis confirmed that the school-age population was somewhat more segregated than the total population. The implications of this finding for the problem of school segregation are discussed, as is the interrelationship between housing segregation and school segregation.     

Forecasting change using an interregional homogeneity index

This study of employment change in the Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, SMSA applies an index of interregional homogeneity to determine the extent to which the industrial structure of the region over a nine-year period has been modifiedvis-a-vis that of the rest of the nation. Indices derived from the analysis are synthesized with a modified employment shift model to forecast expected employment for twenty-two industries in the ABE, SMSA for the year 1975. It is demonstrated that an interregional homogeneity index when combined with a shift and share model can be adapted to systematically forecast regional change. The concept employed is to first stratify the allocation of change to a sub-region in total and then to each industry.This study was made possible in part by a research grant from Waynesburg College.     

美国建筑业就业率和支出继续收缩

众议院将就高速公路法案延期进行投票根据美国国家石料、沙料和砾石协会(NSSGA)公布的报告,众议院预计近期将就当前地面交通法案延期事项进行投票。据悉,旧的资金授权和政策批准书已于2011年3月4日到期。最新的高速公路扩建法案(是自美国交通授权法案SAFETEA-LU于2009年9月30日到期以来的第7个法案)将会是一项独立法案,而非持续性决议的附件。根据NSSGA公布的报告,众议院交通及基础设施委员会主席John Mica表     

黑龙江省建筑业对就业增长贡献分析

分析1990～2009年黑龙江省建筑业的就业状况,分别计算黑龙江省第一、二、三产业、建筑业的就业产值弹性:运用VAR模型研究黑龙江省建筑业发展对黑龙江省就业的动态影响.就业产值弹性计算结果表明,黑龙江省建筑业的发展对其就业具有推动作用.VAR模型分析结果显示:建筑业发展是黑龙江省就业增长的格兰杰原因;黑龙江省建筑业产值...     

Delays in construction projects: The case of Jordan

The construction industry is a major player in the economy, generating both, employment and wealth. However many projects experience extensive delays and thereby exceed initial time and cost estimates. A host of causes of construction delays in residential projects were identified and classified according to Drewin’s Open Conversion System. The most common causes were evaluated by using both, the data collected in a survey conducted to residential projects consultant engineers, contractors, and owners, and interviews with senior professionals in the field. Most correspondents agreed that, financial difficulties faced by the contractor and too many change orders by the owner are the leading causes of construction delay. Severe weather conditions and changes in government regulations and laws ranked among the least important causes.     

节能建筑项目的开发管理与存在问题实证研究

通过工程实例,总结和研究了节能建筑项目开发中有关设计规划理念的确定,节能技术运用,节能工程分部的组织实施,以及目前存在的主要问题。提出节能建筑项目的开发重点应搞好节能技术的选型运用,强调节能工程分部在实施中抓住与传统工程分部的搭接、协调工作的重要性,以及主要环节。并对目前节能建筑项目开发中存在的主要问题作了初步分析。     

PARTNERING模式最佳实践研究——工作流程再设计

建筑项目一般都比较复杂,还存在许多不可预计的风险。建筑界存在着诸如在工程参与各方之间缺乏协作,相互信任度低以及沟通交流效率低等问题,这些导致了工程参与各方之间的对立关系。作为一个创新性的工程承发包模式,在过去的20年内,Partnering模式越来越多地在建筑项目中得到应用,它更好地达到了项目目标,并很大程度上减少了冲突和纠纷。对香港近期完成的6个主要Partnering项目进行案例分析,总结使用Partnering模式建筑项目的关键成功要素以及实施的主要障碍。对Partnering模式流程进行重新设计,为更好地在建筑项目中实施Partnering模式提供了方便。在本次研究的成果基础上,设计了一个Partnering模式"最佳实践"的框架结构,建议我国建筑界业者在今后的建筑项目中实施Partnering模式时加以应用。     

建筑工程中预应力混凝土结构的施工工艺分析

目前，建筑结构大多为混凝土结构，预应力混凝土结构有良好的韧性和刚硬度，在建筑行业中广受推广，预应力混凝土结构对建筑工程有极其重要的作用。文章主要就建筑工程中预应力混凝土结构的施工工艺进行探讨。     

建设工程监理行业人力资源配置的合理性评价

利用Gini系数对我国监理行业人力资源配置的合理性进行研究,结果表明,目前我国工程监理行业人力资源配置趋于平衡。但是由于监理人员的素质和从业能力直接影响着建设工程目标的实现,因此培养一支高素质的监理工程师队伍,是提高监理行业整体服务水平的必然要求。     

南通近代城市规划建设历史研究系列之二:南通近代城市建设编年史

介绍了南通近代城市建设的历史背景,以编年史表说明主要建设项目内容。从建设项目的数量看,教育和实业是最主要的两项,充分反映了张謇“父实业,母教育”的建设思想。商业较为发达,交通也很突出。在短短30余年中,建设量非常大,另外,也反映出张謇主持建设时期,南通城市发展的全面和综合性。该文将南通近代城市建设分为1895～1903,1904～1911,1912～1921,和1922～1929年四个阶段。     

浅议建筑工程施工阶段安全控制对策——兼谈香港建造工程建筑地盘的安全管理

建筑工程在施工阶段,安全隐患和安全生产事故时有发生。本文通过介绍香港建造业建筑地盘安全管理的有关内容,对建筑工程施工阶段的安全控制问题阐述了若干对策及意见。     

浅议计算机技术在建筑工程中的应用

随着信息、电子等相关产业突飞猛进的发展,计算机在建筑工程领域的应用也越来越广泛,它为建筑材料质量检测、建筑工程造价管理、建设工程监理、施工管理以及建筑工程项目审计等提供了更为先进的处理手段。     

农民工进入城市建筑行业的动因及管理

本文以统计数据为基础,采用实证分析方法,探讨了我国大量剩余农村劳动力和建筑业对农民工需求的现状,分析农民工进入城市建筑施工企业就业的动因及建筑业劳动力市场对民工就业的吸引效应.农民工进城就业有利于扩大全社会就业总量、缩小城乡收入差距、构建和谐社会.政府对农民工应采取引导、规范的政策,并不断完善建筑劳务制度,保证建筑业的持续、健康发展.     

我国建筑业细分产业结构现状实证研究

将劳务分包业、工程服务类产业囊括进建筑业范围内,建立建筑业细分产业分类体系,选取2011~2013年细分产业营业收入、企业个数、从业人数3项指标对建筑业细分产业结构进行实证分析,并建立偏离—份额模型探求细分产业经济增长速度。结果发现,房屋建筑业是建筑业经济增长的主要推动力;劳务分包业发展薄弱;工程服务类细分产业中,工程监理业、招标代理业、造价咨询业经济规模小、盈利水平低,阻碍了建筑业的整体发展,勘察设计业则盈利高、增速快,发展势头良好。     

中国建筑业团体标准管理策略分析

我国建筑行业正经历从高速发展到创新发展的变革,海外项目市场份额也在快速增长,这给建筑业的相关标准提出了更高要求。在国家深化标准工作改革的大背景下,发展建筑业团体标准是完善建筑业标准体系的有效方式。通过收集国际领先的团体标准管理策略,分析和比较与我国建筑业团体标准管理策略的异同。结合我国实际情况,提出了吸取国外经验、制定中长期的总体规划、避免重复工作等管理策略的政策建议。研究符合我国发展建筑行业团体标准的实际需要,具有一定的实践意义和社会价值     

The use of compressed natural gas (CNG) in motor vehicles and its effect on employment and air quality

This study measures industrial output, employment and air pollution effects through the use of CNG in motor vehicles by utilizing the Pollution-Related Multiregional Household-Interactive Variable Input-Output (PHVIO) model. The impact analyses are conducted with three consecutive year scenarios of different level of CNG conversion of motor fleet vehicles for the target year, 1991, 1992, and 1993. The use of CNG in bus and truck vehicles of private businesses, consumers, and state and local governments produces the substitution effect and income effect. The use of CNG reduces the costs of transportation, and the output, employment and air pollution effects of the reduced transportation costs are referred as the substitution effect. The use of CNG increases natural gas consumption and requires CNG duel engine installation while it decrease gasoline consumption. The output, employment and air pollution effects of this final demand change are referred to the income effect. The industrial output and employment effects are measured in Oklahoma and the Rest of the U.S. Then Oklahoma State industrial and employment effects are divided into Oklahoma SMSA, Tulsa SMSA and the Rest of Oklakoma. Finally, the stationary source air pollution due to industrial effects and mobiles source air pollution due to CNG using motor vehicles are measured in Oklahoma SMSA and Tulsa SMSA.     

Modelling the urban future: planning,slums and the seduction of growth in St Louis, 1940–1950

This paper considers the attempts by planners during and after World War II to forecast population change for the purposes of long‐range planning. St Louis is used as a case study to examine the social, economic and political contexts within which decisions about how to map the city’s future were made. At the heart of the problem is the adoption by the city of a growth model to justify a large‐scale slum clearance agenda at the very moment when the city was poised for catastrophic population loss. It is argued that planners allowed themselves to be caught up in the momentary crisis of a wartime population spike, ultimately ignoring their own frequent warnings about underlying trends toward population decline. Within this post‐war crisis of temporary overcrowding, planners made the critical decision to move ahead with slum clearance projects of unprecedented scale. Unfortunately, by the time their projects were complete, the city for which they had been undertaken no longer existed.     

西北建筑业形势与展望

西北建筑业发展水平与该地区社会和经济发展水平基本适应.产业主要经济指标均低于全国建筑业平均水平,并且获利水平与其规模和生产能力之间存在较大差异,主要由产业内部细分行业结构缺陷导致.为适应"十一五"期间巨额固定资产投资所形成的西北建筑市场需求,西北建筑业应着力改进和完善内部细分行业结构,培育强势总承包企业,在不具备独立承包能力的先进项目上与区外企业开展联合承包,在优势领域拓展区外市场,改善建筑业行业和企业管理.     

试论建筑项目结算审计策略

随着城市化水平的不断提升,运输业也在不断的发展,各项城市道路项目和市政项目的数量也在不断增多。在各种建筑工程项目中,每个小的施工项目都是建设工程重要的组成部分,但在工程阶段设计中存在的问题却一直困扰着人们。因而,对建筑工程中的结算审计予以加强,对工程建设有着非常重要的意义。文中就建筑项目在结算审计中存在的问题作了大致论述,并提出了解决的对策,以期为我国建筑项目的结算审核提供可供参考的意见和建议。     

2021年上半年建筑业发展统计分析

在统计数据基础上,从建筑业增加值、建筑安装工程投资和建筑业总产值、从业人数和企业数量、劳动生产率、合同总额和新签合同额、房屋建筑施工和竣工面积、对外承包工程等方面对2021年上半年建筑业总体情况进行了分析。从建筑业总产值、新签合同额、跨省完成建筑业总产值、从业人员与劳动生产率等方面,对2021年上半年各地区建筑业的基本情况进行了分析。