线性调频信号参数快速估计

线性调频(LFM)信号参数检测是对SAR对抗的一个重要问题，本文在对用Radon—Wigner变换、快速解线调和最大似然(ML)估计和分析LFM信号的基础上，给出一种消除ML估计带来旁瓣的方法，进一步提出了一种局部快速搜索的最大似然估计法，并用于LFM信号的起始频率和调频斜率等参数的估计。最后给出了三种快速算法的计算机模拟结果。     

LFM信号参数估计的最大似然改进算法

为实现含噪声LFM信号参数的快速检测和精确估计,提出了一种基于延时相关解线调的最大似然估计改进算法,即首先在时域内进行延时相关解线调,然后对解线调后含噪声信号进行经典功率谱估计,得到调频斜率的粗略估计,将此估计值作为初始值,再进行最大似然估计,得到调频斜率的精确估计值,用此精确估计值对原LFM信号进行解线调,再以同样的思路可以得到LFM信号初始频率的最大似然精确估计值。仿真实验证明了该算法的有效性。     

线性调频参数估计方法的数学统一

本文给出了连续复线性调频(LFM)信号Radon-Wigner变换(RWT)、Wigner-Hough变换(WHT)、分数阶傅立叶变换(FrFT)、解线调方法(Dechirp)和最大似然(ML)方法的相互转换关系.给出了参数估计的最佳表述及其离散形式,省略包含调频率的表达式系数,将RWT、WHT、FrFT和Dechirp和ML方法用统一表达式表述.几种方法的离散LFM信号参数估计均可以用ML或去斜方法实现,并采用FFT方法提高运算速度,因此最佳快速算法的计算量和估计性能是相同的.本文对于这几种参数估计方法的快速算法和估计性能研究具有指导意义.     

一种LFM信号最大似然估计模型与参数估计快速算法

从最大似然估计模型入手,提出了一种适合在一般高斯噪声环境（包括色噪声）下LFM信号目标的参数估计模型和基于此估计模型的调频斜率和初始频率估计的快速算法。此方法获得了最大似然方法估计精度高的优点,且运算量比传统的最大似然方法大大降低。另外推导出了一般高斯环境下的LFM参数估计的CRB界,为一般高斯环境下的估计的参数的方差提供实际下界。     

提高HF雷达距离分辨的参数估值法

给出了一种提高HF雷达距离分辨的信号处理方法.首先用参数模型来描述雷达探测信号,然后用最大似然(ML)法对模型参数进行估计.最后给出仿真实验结果.     

LFM信号参数估计算法研究

初始频率和调频斜率是表征线性调频信号频率特性的基本参数,如何准确快速地估计它们具有的重要意义。针对传统LFM信号参数估计算法中繁琐的搜索和计算问题,提出了一种不需要参数搜索的快速LFM信号参数估计算法。该算法先用希尔伯特变换估计LFM信号瞬时相位,再用高阶差分估计LFM信号瞬时频率特性,最后用直线拟合LFM信号瞬时频率特性从而得到初始频率和调频斜率的估计。仿真实验验证了本文算法的有效性,说明本文算法能够给出满意的参数估计结果。     

基于瞬时相位拟合的LFM信号参数估计算法

针对传统线性调频（LFM）信号参数估计算法中复杂的搜索和计算问题,提出了一种不需要参数搜索的快速LFM信号参数估计算法。该算法先用希尔伯特变换估计LFM信号瞬时相位,再用二次相位函数拟合LFM信号瞬时相位从而得到初始频率和调频斜率的估计。仿真验证了本文算法的有效性,说明该算法能够给出满意的参数估计结果。     

基于LFM模型的高动态弱GPS信号载波捕获

根据极大似然估计理论,通过载波频率和频率变化率分段对消、快速傅里叶变换(FFT)结果选大估计载波频率和频率变化率,实现载波信号捕获,建立了高动态全球定位系统(GPS)载波的线性调频(LFM)信号模型,并给出了算法的具体实现。详细分析了该算法中检测统计量的分布特性,推导了恒虚警准则下的检测门限,并讨论了其中关键参数的设计。仿真结果表明,该算法可以实现对18 dBHz的GPS高动态信号的载波捕获。     

部分样本雷达信号的参数估计

线性调频信号参数检测是SAR对抗的一个重要问题 ,其估计参数的方法有多种 ,但对于分析部分样本LFM信号而言 ,绝大多数估计方法的误差很大。在用快速相关解线调估计和分析部分样本LFM信号存有误差的基础上 ,提出了一种改进的快速相关解线调算法运用于部分样本LFM信号的起始频率和调频斜率参数的估计 ,减小了误差。最后对改进的算法进行了仿真 ,证实了改进后的有效性。     

基于正交训练序列的MIMO系统联合最大似然时频同步和信道估计

该文推导了多输入多输出(MIMO)系统中的符号定时、频偏和信道参数的联合最大似然(ML)估计。针对联合ML估计没有闭合的表达式、数值计算复杂度高的问题,该文提出了一种基于重复结构的正交训练序列的简化估计算法。该估计算法形式简单、复杂度低,且仍为最大似然估计。最后仿真分析了最大似然参数估计的均方误差与接收信噪比和天线数目的关系,并与Cramer-Rao界作了比较,表明了该算法的有效性。     

Joint estimation of symbol timing and carrier frequency offset of OFDM signals over fast time-varying multipath channels

In this paper, we present a novel joint algorithm to estimate the symbol timing and carrier frequency offsets of wireless orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals. To jointly estimate synchronization parameters using the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion, researchers have derived conventional models only from additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) or single-path fading channels. We develop a general ML estimation algorithm that can accurately calculate symbol timing and carrier frequency offsets over a fast time-varying multipath channel. To reduce overall estimation complexity, the proposed scheme consists of two estimation stages: coarse and fine synchronizations. A low complexity coarse synchronization based on the least-squares (LS) method can rapidly estimate the rough symbol timing and carrier frequency offsets over a fast time-varying multipath channel. The subsequent ML fine synchronization can then obtain accurate final results based on the previous coarse synchronization. Simulations demonstrate that the coarse-to-fine method provides a good tradeoff between estimation accuracy and computational complexity.     

基于脉冲积累的LFM脉冲调制斜率的ML估计方法

针对以往利用单个LFM脉冲进行调制斜率估计精度不高的问题,提出了先基于脉冲积累估计脉冲调制波形,再由调制波形估计调制斜率的方法,并且论证了这种方法是最大似然(ML)的.仿真结果显示,在10个脉冲、信噪比为0 dB的情况下,该方法可使得调制斜率估计方差达到克拉美-罗限.     

Maximum likelihood parameter and rank estimation in reduced-rankmultivariate linear regressions

This paper considers the problem of maximum likelihood (ML) estimation for reduced-rank linear regression equations with noise of arbitrary covariance. The rank-reduced matrix of regression coefficients is parameterized as the product of two full-rank factor matrices. This parameterization is essentially constraint free, but it is not unique, which renders the associated ML estimation problem rather nonstandard. Nevertheless, the problem turns out to be tractable, and the following results are obtained. An explicit expression is derived for the ML estimate of the regression matrix in terms of the data covariances and their eigenelements. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the statistical properties of the ML parameter estimate is performed. Additionally, a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is proposed for estimating the rank of the regression matrix. The paper also presents the results of some simulation exercises, which lend empirical support to the theoretical findings     

平衰落信道下ML和MAP信道估计与导频符号长度的关系性能比较

信道估计是无线通信系统必须加以解决的关键技术之一，采用导频符号辅助的方法进行信道估计是目前各类无线通信系统常用的方法。本文针对平衰落信道提出了最大似然(ML)算法和最大后验概率(MAP)估计算法，给出了ML估计和MAP估计之间的关系，仿真了MAP估计和ML估计的方差与导频符号长度的关系，提出当导频符号长度的取值超过20个符号长度时，MAP信道估计明显优于ML信道估计。     

Maximum Likelihood Localization of a Diffusive Point Source Using Binary Observations

In this paper, we investigate the problem of localization of a diffusive point source of gas based on binary observations provided by a distributed chemical sensor network. We motivate the use of the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator for this scenario by proving that it is consistent and asymptotically efficient, when the density of the sensors becomes infinite. We utilize two different estimation approaches, ML estimation based on all the observations (i.e., batch processing) and approximate ML estimation using only new observations and the previous estimate (i.e., real time processing). The performance of these estimators is compared with theoretical bounds and is shown to achieve excellent performance, even with a finite number of sensors     

Frequency domain identification methods

Methods for estimating linear dynamical models from frequency data are studied, including the properties of frequency domain data generated by the discrete Fourier transform. The stochastic characteristics of the frequency domain data lead to a maximum likelihood (ML) formulation of the frequency domain estimation problem. Both discretetime and continuous time models are discussed. Consistency and variance of the ML estimate are described, and the connection with simpler frequency domain estimation schemes as well as the time domain ML method is pointed out.Supported by the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT). This work was partly completed while the author was visiting the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Newcastle, Australia.