适合于TD-LTE公网集群系统的切换算法

在多数的公网集群通信系统中,对切换的时延要求很高,如何减小切换时延变得相当重要?在公网集群通信系统中引入TD-LTE技术,使切换时延得到一定的减小,但切换过程中,基站和eMME间的频繁通信仍然增大了延时?基于背景扫描的切换算法,其思想是让eMME将其控制的所有基站下的小区的信息缓存起来,在进行切换时,eMME只需要查询自己的信息列表,从中获取目标小区的切换门限值?载频?预留的信道资源等信息,无需与目标基站通信,这样就减少基站和eMME间的频繁通信,整个切换过程主要在源基站和eMME侧完成,从而获得更低的时延?     

TD-SCDMA集群系统切换研究

介绍了TD-SCDMA集群通信系统的工作方式和特点及TD-SCDMA集群通信系统的切换.结合TD-SCDMA集群系统的特点提出了适合该系统的切换流程,本流程考虑了TD-SCDMA集群通信中基于用户优先级的排队以及在通信中不同情况下目标小区的排序准则.提出了一种基于模糊数学的切换控制方法,将满足切换程度最大的相邻基站作为目标小区,同时可以计算出允许的切换延时,为小区切换提供时间参考.本算法适用于可获得用户设备的运动状态和位置信息的TD-SCDMA集群系统的切换控制.     

5G uRLLC关键技术性能增益及对现网影响分析

大多数垂直行业场景可以通过公网公用或公网专用来解决,但是与公网用户不同的是,2B用户的关键网络性能需求更多集中在时延、可靠性、上行速率等方面.目前很多无线参数只能按照小区级来进行配置,也有一些参数可以按照QCI来进行配置.2B关键技术中低时延技术、GBR保障方案、RB资源预留方案、增强的可靠性技术势必对2C用户的功耗、...     

TD-LTE集群通信系统中基于小区筛选和AHP的切换算法研究

为了提高TD-LTE集群通信系统中用户的切换成功率以及降低阻塞率,文章根据TD-LTE及集群通信的特点,提出一种基于小区筛选(Filtration)机制结合层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process)的切换算法(FAHP)。该算法在利用筛选机制保证目标小区满足通信需求的情况下,结合层次分析法选择出合理的目标小区。仿真分析结果表明,与传统的切换算法相比,该算法能有效提高用户的切换成功率,降低系统的阻塞率。     

GoTa 4G宽带多媒体集群系统的研究

在LTE系统中引入了群组预建立和邻区群组信息广播机制,使得集群终端在小区之间切换／移动无需和基站之间的信令交互而成为一种无缝切换过程,避免了切换过程中的信令交互和延迟;提出一种基于随机过程的群组呼叫建立过程的方法,使得话权申请的过程不依赖于信令链接,有效地提高了系统的性能.     

面向负载均衡的主动切换

为了解决超密集网络中用户在移动过程中由于小区间干扰和负载不均衡导致的用户服务质量下降的问题,本文研究了一种面向负载均衡的主动切换策略,设计了一种基于双门限的移动切换策略,包含小区内的切换与小区间的切换.通过优化小区内的切换门限,可以最小化系统总资源开销.通过优化小区间的切换门限,能够保证用户实时业务需求的同时均衡网络负...     

LTE切换自优化算法进展综述

LTE是新一代通信技术的代名词,它对现有3G系统的网络结构和无线接入方式都有较大改进.在简要介绍LTE系统的网络架构及切换功能的基础上,重点介绍并比较了2种LTE切换自优化算法：常见的用户速度的负载均衡算法有效地降低了系统的掉话率,使系统的整体性能得到提高,但没有考虑到目标小区资源变化的情况;基于RSRP/RSRQ负载均衡算法综合考虑了源小区和目标小区的RSRP（参考信号接收功率）和RSRQ（参考信号接收质量）,降低了系统的切换失败率,同时减少了不必要的切换,但没有考虑用户运动方向的影响.综合加权考虑多种因素,如用户的移动方向以及小区资源的变化等对切换的影响等方面均有待深入开展研究.     

基于二分网络的用户聚类电影推荐系统构建

针对已经存在的推荐算法中数据的稀疏性问题,提出一种基于聚类算法的二分图信任网络构造算法,通过聚类技术把项目评分相似的用户聚集起来,形成若干个用户群组,在每个群组内部通过二分图建立连接,利用信任机制在群组内部和群组间建立连接,进而构造出推荐系统.实验是在MovieLens数据集上进行的,采用平均绝对误差(MAE)为评测指标,验证了方法的有效性,从而得出该系统使得数据稀疏性对最终推荐结果的负面影响变小.     

认知无线电网络中基于包调度算法的主动频谱切换

认知无线电网络中,主用户出现在自己的授权频段,但被次用户占用,此时次用户进行频谱切换.主动频谱切换机制是一种可以提高网络的带宽利用率,同时降低丢包率的方法.基于一个有效的包调度算法,提出一个主动频谱切换机制,以期减少频谱切换发生时的不可用信道.该包调度算法有效地集成了两个算法:频谱空洞填充算法和包迁移算法,来减少丢包率和带宽碎片.实验仿真结果验证了该主动频谱切换机制的有效性.     

5G系统多目标优化小区预切换方法

为了减少5G蜂窝网络中不必要的小区切换次数并提高用户平均吞吐量,提出了一种基于熵权的多目标优化小区预切换方案。多目标优化法将下行链路信干噪比、时延、预测驻留时间和小区可用资源作为切换指标,引入向量归一化技术并使用不同的方法处理有益指标与非有益指标,分析并预测最优目标切换小区从而达到预切换目的。与现有的切换方法比较,所提方案降低了排名异常的概率,在提高用户平均吞吐量的同时极大地减少了不必要的切换。     

基于速度触发的提前切换算法在LTE-R中的应用研究

随着高铁的快速发展,铁路移动通信系统对切换时延、切换成功率等要求更为苛刻。该文针对铁路长期演进(LTE-R)系统提出基于速度触发的提前切换算法,通过提前进行信令交互、设置切换预承载点切换的方式抑制过早或过迟切换所带来的通信中断、掉话等问题。通过信令流程图进行理论分析,并对长期演进(LTE)各结构类型数据计算可知,该算法均可缩短切换时延,其中TDD帧结构类型2时效果最为显著。最后通过仿真对比得到提前切换算法相比传统切换算法有着更高且更稳定的切换成功率,验证算法的有效性,为LTE-R在未来铁路专网的应用提供技术支持。     

Performance Enhancement of Cellular Network Using Adaptive Soft Handover Algorithm

Mobility management is the most important feature of a wireless cellular communication system. Continuation of an active call is one of the most important quality measurements in the cellular systems. Handover makes it possible for a user to travel between various networks or cells while having a seamless connection. This paper shows that, performance of cellular network can be increased with proposed adaptive soft handoff algorithm, which dynamically calculates the Soft handover margin based on the received signal strength and distance. Performance is evaluated in terms of the performance metrics active set update rate, active set size, soft handover region and probability of outage. Simulation results show that soft handover algorithm gives better performance with adaptive soft handoff margin compared to that of fixed soft handover margin in varied propagation conditions.     

TD-SCDMA集群通信系统基于移动速度的切换策略研究

TD-SCDMA数字集群系统是集群通信系统的一个发展方向。首先介绍集群通信系统的单呼和组呼,分析这两种不同通信方式切换的特点;然后对TD-SCDMA系统的传统切换进行介绍,给出TD-SCDMA集群系统基于移动台移动速度的自适应切换算法;最后对切换性能进行简单分析。     

一种基于上下文感知的垂直切换技术研究

未来网络的发展趋势是各种无线接入网络共存的异构网络环境,而垂直切换技术是融合多个异构接入网络的关键技术之一,垂直切换包括三个阶段,即系统发现、切换决策和切换执行。文中主要研究了基于上下文感知的垂直切换判决策略,并与移动垂直切换技术相结合,实现了WLAN/UMTS网络间的垂直切换,通过仿真表明该方法在吞吐量和切换时延方面都得到改善。     

一种基于移动趋势量化的多属性垂直切换判决算法

由于对终端移动趋势的不明确,基站容易盲目发起切换,并导致较高的切换失败率。该文在LTE-WiMAX网络构成的异构无线网络环境下对现有的垂直切换算法进行了优化。该优化算法考虑了终端移动趋势,利用趋势量化参数来推断终端最终的目标区域,解决已有判决算法中存在的不必要切换过多的问题,提高切换成功率。在衰落信道下的计算机仿真结果表明,该优化算法可以减小切换中的切换失败率,从而提高网络的切换性能。     

认知无线网络中基于混合频谱切换的最优目标信道选择算法

在主动频谱切换中,预先确定目标信道存在高失效风险,从而增加切换时延的问题。该文提出一种基于混合主被动频谱切换的最优目标信道选择算法。该算法结合主动频谱切换和被动频谱切换的优点,引入最小累积切换时延评价标准,综合考虑次用户的多次中断、主用户的到达率和非理想频谱检测对次用户累积切换时延的影响,并详细分析和推导了非理想检测下次用户的累积切换时延。仿真表明,相较于主动和被动频谱切换中目标信道选择策略,在信道状态变化频繁或业务量较大等极端情况下,该算法的性能优势尤为明显。     

On the Use of Ad Hoc Cooperation for Seamless Vertical Handoff and Its Performance Evaluation

In heterogeneous network environments, it is very important for users to provide seamless services while satisfying quality-of-service, regardless of the connected access network. In this paper, we apply a concept of ad hoc cooperation for the vertical handoff in the heterogeneous network. For the seamless vertical handoff of mobile nodes, a neighbor ad hoc node assists some parts of the handoff procedures requiring large latency, such as authentication and IP registration procedures. Details of the vertical handover operation using the ad hoc cooperation are presented and its performance is evaluated. Numerical results show that the proposed vertical handoff procedure decreases the service disruption time and the probability of packet loss, compared with the conventional handoff methods that do not consider the cooperation of ad hoc node.     

Handoff algorithms in dynamic spreading WCDMA system supporting multimedia traffic

The undergoing third-generation wireless network needs to support the integration of voice and multimedia data services with varying quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. It is critical that the least bit-error rate (BER) for voice traffic, World Wide Web (WWW) traffic, and streaming video traffic be guaranteed at all time. In this paper, we discussed the integration of soft handoff and dynamic spreading factor in wideband code-division multiple-access system in supporting multimedia traffic. The contribution of our work is twofold. First, the processing time of the handoff request is analyzed. We found that intensive mobile handoff might consume significant amount of access channel time and increase the delay of handoff. We, therefore, proposed a batch mechanism such that multiple handoff requests could be processed simultaneously. The average delay is reduced from 1.12 s to 800 ms at heavy handoff rate. Our second contribution is a new resource allocation algorithm, where the spreading factor and transmission power for the handoff mobiles are jointly considered to maximize the throughput. The BER requirements for the handoff mobiles and the target cell are maintained during the handoff process. The original problem is formulated into a nonlinear programming format. We proposed a procedure to simplify it into a linear constraint problem, which is solved by a revised simplex method. Numerical results show a 25% increase in throughput for WWW traffic and a 26% improvement for the video traffic.     

基于强化学习的异构网络垂直切换方法

网络切换技术不仅可以保证用户的网络连接,同时能够以较强的信号传输网络数据。网络切换技术的性能对网络服务质量(quality of service, QoS)的影响至关重要。然而,现有的切换算法多数存在严重的乒乓效应,这不仅造成网络资源的严重浪费,还会损害用户的QoS。为此,提出了一种基于强化学习的异构网络垂直切换方案,主要从触发切换、网络选择及判决切换等方面进行优化。在触发切换时将垂直切换考虑成必要切换和择优切换,通过Q-Learning（QL）算法在选择网络时优化垂直切换;然后以QoS为条件,在判决切换时加入驻留定时器,从多角度减少用户切换次数,降低乒乓效应对异构网络垂直切换的影响。仿真结果表明,基于强化学习的异构网络垂直切换方法可以在保证QoS的条件下有效减少用户切换网络的次数,短时间内频繁切换的情况也有所改善,降低了乒乓效应的影响。     

A personalized QoE-aware handover decision based on distributed reinforcement learning

Recent developments in heterogeneous mobile networks and growing demands for variety of real-time and multimedia applications have emphasized the necessity of more intelligent handover decisions. Addressing the context knowledge of mobile devices, users, applications, and networks is the subject of context-aware handoff decision as a recent effort to this aim. However, user perception has not been attended adequately in the area of context-aware handover decision making. Mobile users may have different judgments about the Quality of Service (QoS) depending on their environmental conditions, and personal and psychological characteristics. This reality has been exploited in this paper to introduce a personalized user-centric handoff decision method to decide about the time and target of handover based on User Perceived Quality (UPQ) feedbacks. The UPQ degradations are mainly for the sake of (1) exiting the coverage of the serving Point of Attachment (PoA) or (2) QoS degradation of serving access network. Using UPQ metric, the proposed method obviates the necessity of being aware about rapidly varying network QoS parameters and overcomes the complexity and overhead of gathering and managing some other context information. Moreover, considering the underlying network and geographical map, the proposed method is able to inherently exploit the trajectory information of mobile users for handover decision. UPQ degradation is not only due to the user behaviour, but also due to the behaviours of others users. As such, multi-agent reinforcement learning paradigm has been considered for target PoA selection. The employed decision algorithm is based on WoLF-PHC learning method where UPQ is used as a delayed reward for training. The proposed handoff decision has been implemented under IEEE 802.21 framework using NS2 network simulator. The results have shown better performance of the proposed method comparing to conventional methods assuming regular movement of mobile users.