基于数学形态学的图像噪声处理

数学形态学是一门新兴的图像处理与分析学科。讨论了数学形态学的基本运算及其性质，研究了应用这些运算恢复噪声污染图像的方法。     

数学形态学在SAR图像增强中的应用

提出一种基于数学形态学的合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像增强方法.该方法利用不同的数学形态学滤波方法对SAR图像进行去噪处理,达到对SAR图像的目标增强效果.利用数学形态学滤波思想在此基础上进行进一步的改进,将开运算和闭运算进行组合形成了一种新的滤波方法--交替顺序滤波.由处理结果可以看出,与传统的数学形态学滤波相比,该方法有较好的图像平滑和去噪能力.可为进一步进行SAR图像分割和目标识剐提供较好的基础.     

数学形态学在图像处理中的应用

介绍了数学形态学的基本运算及数学形态学在图像处理中的主要应用，并讨论结构元素的选取方法。     

基于数学形态学的人脸检测研究

提出了一种基于数学形态学特性的人脸检测方法。方法首先根据YCbCr肤色模型检测出肤色区域;用数学形态学的膨胀和腐蚀方法进行肤色处理,平滑了边界,同时消除了肤色块的连通;再利用圆盘结构元素对人脸区域做闭运算,从而得到人眼和嘴的位置。     

基于聚类分析的车牌定位算法的研究

提出一种基于数学形态学和均值聚类的实时车牌定位算法,将边缘处理与聚类分析相结合,得到车牌字符的垂直边缘信息,然后通过数学形态学运算处理,结合车牌的多个特征对车牌进行定位,试验证明,该算法准确率高,抗干扰性强.     

基于数学形态学的纸浆纤维图像边缘检测方法

文中研究了数学形态学理论在图像边界检测中的应用.在分析了数学形态学运算理论的基础上,提出了一种基于形态学理论的纸浆纤维图像边缘特征提取方法.仿真试验结果表明,该方法能够很好的取出噪声,检测纸浆纤维边缘图像中的细节,定位准确、连续性好、易于编程实现并且运算速度快.     

沥青混合料数字图像的边缘检测方法研究

边缘是图像的基本特征,并且蕴含了丰富的内在信息,是图像识别中抽取图像特征的重要属性。为了分析研究沥青混合料中集料颗粒特征,介绍了几种经典边缘检测算子,对沥青混合料数字图像进行处理。最后以VC.NET为平台对图像进行边缘检测,分析这几种经典算子的优劣,找出适合沥青混合料数字图像边缘检测的最佳算子。     

基于彩色视频图像处理的小区监视及人数统计

以数学形态学滤波和模糊推理为基础,提出一种基于彩色视频图像处理的小区监视及人数统计方法。首先确定监视区范围,然后使用形态学运算将差减后离散相邻的部分连在一起以确定人数,并在未进行形态学运算的差减图像中找到头顶、头宽,同时确定肤色、头发像素的百分比以及头部中央的灰度平均值,以肤色所占百分比和灰度平均值为模糊推理的前提条件进行模糊决策。实验结果表明,该方法能很准确地完成人数统计。     

基于灰度形态学梯度的边缘检测

数学形态学是图像处理和模式识别领域中的一门新兴学科,文中采用基于数学形态学梯度的图像边缘检测算法,利用数学形态学的基本运算,设计符合处理图像边缘特性的梯度结构基来检测局部突变信息,从而获得图像的边缘信息。     

一种基于综合集成和数学形态学的图像分割方法

图像分割是图像处理的重要步骤,是计算机视觉的基础,是模式识别与图像理解的重要组成部分。由于光照不均匀而形成的灰度图像,采取单一的分割方法不能获得良好的分割结果,为此,采用综合集成的方法对此类图像进行分割,并用数学形态学的运算对分割结果进行处理,改善了分割效果。试验结果表明,基于综合集成和数学形态学的分割方法能有效地分割这一类图像,获得良好的分割结果。     

A hybrid SEM algorithm for high-dimensional unsupervised learning using a finite generalized Dirichlet mixture.

This paper applies a robust statistical scheme to the problem of unsupervised learning of high-dimensional data. We develop, analyze, and apply a new finite mixture model based on a generalization of the Dirichlet distribution. The generalized Dirichlet distribution has a more general covariance structure than the Dirichlet distribution and offers high flexibility and ease of use for the approximation of both symmetric and asymmetric distributions. We show that the mathematical properties of this distribution allow high-dimensional modeling without requiring dimensionality reduction and, thus, without a loss of information. This makes the generalized Dirichlet distribution more practical and useful. We propose a hybrid stochastic expectation maximization algorithm (HSEM) to estimate the parameters of the generalized Dirichlet mixture. The algorithm is called stochastic because it contains a step in which the data elements are assigned randomly to components in order to avoid convergence to a saddle point. The adjective "hybrid" is justified by the introduction of a Newton-Raphson step. Moreover, the HSEM algorithm autonomously selects the number of components by the introduction of an agglomerative term. The performance of our method is tested by the classification of several pattern-recognition data sets. The generalized Dirichlet mixture is also applied to the problems of image restoration, image object recognition and texture image database summarization for efficient retrieval. For the texture image summarization problem, results are reported for the Vistex texture image database from the MIT Media Lab.     

基于自组织网络的SAR遥感图像的多尺度分割

基于多尺度信息特征和混合模型,将自组织混合网络(SOMN)应用于合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像的分割.首先对SAR图像的多尺度序列进行多尺度随机建模,以此进行多尺度特征提取;然后对其建立混合模型,并经过SOMN进行学习研究得到混合模型的参数;最后再利用Bayesian分类器,对SAR图像进行分割.实验结果表明,本文方法能够充分地利用SAR图像多尺度序列中不同类型地形的统计信息,进而明显地改进了图像的分割质量.     

Spatial/spectral endmember extraction by multidimensional morphological operations

Spectral mixture analysis provides an efficient mechanism for the interpretation and classification of remotely sensed multidimensional imagery. It aims to identify a set of reference signatures (also known as endmembers) that can be used to model the reflectance spectrum at each pixel of the original image. Thus, the modeling is carried out as a linear combination of a finite number of ground components. Although spectral mixture models have proved to be appropriate for the purpose of large hyperspectral dataset subpixel analysis, few methods are available in the literature for the extraction of appropriate endmembers in spectral unmixing. Most approaches have been designed from a spectroscopic viewpoint and, thus, tend to neglect the existing spatial correlation between pixels. This paper presents a new automated method that performs unsupervised pixel purity determination and endmember extraction from multidimensional datasets; this is achieved by using both spatial and spectral information in a combined manner. The method is based on mathematical morphology, a classic image processing technique that can be applied to the spectral domain while being able to keep its spatial characteristics. The proposed methodology is evaluated through a specifically designed framework that uses both simulated and real hyperspectral data.     

基于有理数多项式先验模型的图像盲去模糊

图像盲去模糊问题是当今图像处理领域的热点问题之一.基于混合高斯先验模型的变分贝叶斯去模糊算法可以有效地复原模糊图像,成为一种重要的图像去模糊算法.虽然混合高斯先验模型可以很好地逼近自然图像的梯度分布,但是该模型在图像梯度值较大处往往会产生过拟合导致去模糊后的图像产生振铃效应,严重影响了图像可读性.利用有理数多项式先验模型代替混合高斯模型逼近自然图像的梯度分布,克服算法的上述缺点.有理数多项式函数的分母多项式强制函数在梯度值较大值时平滑,所以有效地避免了过拟合现象的发生,从而使得模糊核估计得更准确,减少振铃效应.实验结果表明了算法的可行性和有效性.     

一种基于数学形态学的电视图像分割方法

针对电视图像信噪比低,噪声干扰大的特点,提出了一种基于数学形态学的电视图像分割方法。首先利用基于梯度调整的平均灰度法得到图像的阀值,其次利用该灰度阀值二值化图像,最后对该图像利用数学形态学消除噪声。实验结果表明该方法具有较好的滤波效果,计算时间短,可用于实时图像处理中。     

基于改进的混合高斯模型的运动目标检测方法

为了改善混合高斯模型在光照突变时容易产生大量误检的缺陷,采用了一种高斯模型与均值法相结合并为前景像素建立计数器的方法。在建立背景模型时,运用多帧图像求平均值的方法初始化混合高斯模型的背景;为每帧图像的前景像素数建立计数器,并以此消除被误判为前景的区域;对检测出的前景区运用数学形态学处理,得到图像真正的前景区域。结果表明,该算法不仅克服了初始背景中的干扰,而且消除了光照突变时的误检,提高了运动目标的检测率。     

RST Invariant Image Watermarking Algorithm With Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of the Watermarking Processes

In this paper, a new rotation and scaling invariant image watermarking scheme is proposed based on rotation invariant feature and image normalization. A mathematical model is established to approximate the image based on the mixture generalized Gaussian distribution, which can facilitate the analysis of the watermarking processes. Using maximum a posteriori probability based image segmentation, the cover image is segmented into several homogeneous areas. Each region can be represented by a generalized Gaussian distribution, which is critical for the analysis of the watermarking processes mathematically. The rotation invariant features are extracted from the segmented areas and are selected as reference points. Subregions centered at the feature points are used for watermark embedding and extraction. Image normalization is applied to the subregions to achieve scaling invariance. Meanwhile, the watermark embedding and extraction schemes are analyzed mathematically based on the established mathematical model. The watermark embedding strength is adjusted adaptively using the noise visibility function and the probability of error is analyzed mathematically. The mathematical relationship between fidelity and robustness is established. The experimental results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed scheme.     

Genetic algorithm and mathematical morphology based binarization method for strip steel defect image with non-uniform illumination

In order to precisely extract the image shape feature for the defect detection and classification, the strip steel image needs to firstly be binarized effectively. In this paper, the intelligent information processing, including mathematical morphology and genetic algorithm, is introduced to the strip steel defect image binarization. In order to eliminate the effect of non-uniform illumination and enhance the detailed information of the strip steel defect image, an enhancement operator based on mathematical morphology (EOBMM) is proposed firstly. And then, the binarization method based on genetic algorithm (BMBGA) is applied to the binarization of the strip steel defect image processed by EOBMM. The experiment results show that our method is effective and efficiency in the strip steel defect image binarization and outperforms the traditional image binarization methods, Otsu and Bernsen.