Ca对Mg-6Al-1Nd合金显微组织和性能的影响

为了研究Ca元素对Mg-6Al-1Nd合金微观组织、力学性能和阻燃性能的影响规律,采用了金属型重力铸造方法制备了Mg-6Al-1Nd-x Ca合金.通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、万能拉伸试验机和热分析仪等分析测试手段对Mg-6Al-1Nd-x Ca合金的显微组织、力学性能和阻燃性能进行了表征.结果表明:Ca元素的加入可减少β-Mg17Al12含量,生成Al-Ca金属间相;随着Ca质量分数的增加,镁合金试样中的Al-Ca金属相增多,试样的室温抗拉强度和延伸率降低,阻燃性能升高;不含Ca元素的Mg-6Al-1Nd合金的抗拉强度为235 MPa,当Ca元素增加到2.5%时,Mg-6Al-1Nd-2.5Ca合金的抗拉强度仅为154 MPa,但该合金的着火点可达850℃.     

Effect of the addition of Al-Ti-C master alloy on the microstructure and microhardness of a cast Al-10Mg alloy

The microstructure and microhardness of a cast Al-10wt%Mg （henceforth Al-10Mg） alloy with 0.2wt% addition of Al- 5Ti-0.25C master alloy were compared with those of a refiner-free alloy of similar chemical composition. It was found that this level of the master alloy addition not only caused an effective grain refinement, but also caused a significant increase in the microhardness of the Al-10Mg alloy. Microchemical analysis revealed that TiC particles existed in the grain center. The relationship between the holding time and grain size was also studied. It shows that the grain refining efficiency is faded observably with the holding time. This is explained in terms of the instability of TiC particles.     

Influence of rare earth modification and homogenization on the microstructure and mechanical properties of recycled can 3004 aluminum

The microscopic structure of waste can aluminum material was researched by adding Al5TiB refining agent, La-Ce rare earth and mixed rare earth modifiers, and the microstructure and mechanical performance of the modified aluminum material were studied. The experimental results show that the optimal refiner addition amount is 1.1wt%; the material performance can be significantly improved when the content of La-Ce rare earth ranges to a certain degree, but the mixed rare earth barely affects the refinement effect of the aluminum. When being homogenized, the mixed rare earth plays more obvious role in refining the aluminum material than La-Ce rare earth. The optimal plan is modifying the aluminum material with 3wt% mixed rare earth and homogenizing with annealing temperature of 580 ℃, annealing time of 12 hours and heating rate of 5 ℃/min while refining the material with 1.1wt% Al-5Ti-1B.     

微量稀土元素对SnAgCu系无铅焊料性能与组织的影响

以Sn-3．0Ag-0．5Cu焊料为母合金,探讨了微量稀土元素Ce、Er、Y和sc对SnAgCu合金物理性能、润湿性能以及力学性能的影响,同时对显微组织进行了分析。试验结果表明：稀土元素对焊料的性能有不同的影响,添加微量Ce稀土元素可以更好地细化组织,改善焊料性能。     

热挤压Al-6.0%Zn-2.0%Mg-1.5%Cu-xY合金的显微组织及力学性能

针对含稀土元素Y和T6态热挤压Al-6.0%Zn-2.0%Mg-1.5%Cu-xY合金的显微组织、硬度以及拉伸性能进行了研究,以确定稀土元素Y和T6处理对其力学性能的影响规律.结果表明,稀土元素Y的加入可有效地细化热挤压Al-6.0%Zn-2.0%Mg-1.5%Cu合金的组织.适宜的T6处理可以提高Al-6.0%Zn-2.0%Mg-1.5%Cu-xY合金的布氏硬度,其中Al-6.0%Zn-2.0%Mg-1.5%Cu-0.25%Y合金经480℃×3 h+120℃×26 h热处理后,其室温抗拉强度以及屈服强度均得到显著提高,表现出良好的综合拉伸性能.断口形貌观察结果表明,含Y量不同的T6态挤压变形Al-6.0%Zn-2.0%Mg-1.5%Cu-xY合金在拉伸加载条件下呈现典型的韧性断裂特征.     

稀土Er对Al-Si-Cu钎料显微组织与性能的影响

为了研究微量稀土元素Er对Al-7Si-20Cu钎料合金性能的影响,进行了不同wEr对Al-7Si-20Cu合金熔化温度、润湿性能及力学性能的试验研究.结果表明,添加微量Er对Al-Si-Cu钎料合金的熔化温度无显著影响,但显著提高Al-Si-Cu钎料合金对被焊基体铝合金(LF21)的润湿能力,尤其是当wEr为0.05%~0.1%时最为显著.显微组织分析表明,随着wEr的增加,钎料显微组织细化,特别是针状共晶Si的长度逐渐减小.     

Effect of trace La addition on the microstructure and mechanical property of as-cast ADC12 Al-Alloy

The effects of addition of La on the microstructure of as-cast ADC12 Al-Alloy were investigated by using optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). The experimental results showed that the a-Al and eutectic Si crystals were modified with the addition of 0.3 wt% La. The eutectic Si crystals showed a granular distribution. At the same time, the alloy possessed the best mechanical property. When more than 0.3 wt% La was added to ADC12 aluminum alloy, the microstructure of as-cast alloy was coarsening gradually with the increase of the content of La and the mechanical property decreased. The effect of rare earth La which was added in ADC12 Al-Alloy for up to 0.9 wt% had been investigated in this study. The dendrites of ADC12 Al-alloy was refined obviously and the morphology of Si crystals showed a particle structure when the addition of La reached 0.3 wt%. Besides, the acicular La-rich intermetallics in the alloy deteriorated the mechanical property of alloy. To avoid this unwanted phase, the amount of added rare earth La must be less than 0.6 wt%.     

Effect of rare earth alloy modification on high carbon equivalent gray cast iron of automotive brake drum

Effect of rare earth alloy modification on properties and microstructure of high carbon equivalent gray cast iron was investigated.The experimental results show that in the way of mechanical property,when the addition of rare earth alloy is 0.2% and 0.3%,the tensile strength of cast iron increases.In the way of microstructure,the addition of rare earth alloy increases the number of primary austenite dendrites,reduces secondary dendritic arm spacing,and changes the eutectic size and quantity.When rare earth alloy is added into gray cast iron,the morphology and quantity of graphite play a major role on the improvement of tensile strength.     

稀土元素对工业纯铝机械性能的影响

通过稀土元素铈、镧和混合稀土对工业纯铝组织的改善，研究了它们对工业纯铝机械性能的影响，并利用金属学原理和凝固理论对其机理进行了分析．结果表明，加入质量分数为0．2％～0．3％的稀土元素La或0．4％的Ce，可以提高工业纯铝的拉伸性能；加入质量分数为0．2％-0．3％的稀土元素La或0．1％～0．3％的Ce，可以提高工业纯铝的延伸率；而混合稀土对工业纯铝的拉伸性能没有明显的影响．     

含稀土Er的Al-Zn-Mg合金的组织与性能

为了探讨稀土Er对热处理可强化(沉淀强化)的铝合金系作用,采用铸锭冶金法制备了6种含Er量不同的Al-Zn-Mg合金进行了深入分析.通过硬度测试、拉伸力学性能测试、金相观察、X射线衍射和扫描电镜观察,研究了稀土元素Er对Al-Zn-Mg合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.实验结果表明,稀土元素Er可以显著地细化Al-Zn-Mg合金的铸态晶粒,减小其枝晶网胞,当Er的添加量达到w(Er)=0.7％时,枝晶网胞几乎完全消失,晶粒变得非常细小且分布均匀;对于合金的冷轧态组织以及时效态晶粒也有同样的细化效果;添加Er后,Al-Zn-Mg合金在冷轧态及时效态下的屈服强度(σ0.2)及抗拉强度(σh)都得到了显著的提高,但塑性有所降低;稀土元素Er添加到Al-Zn-Mg合金中,主要与Al相互作用形成了Al3Er相.合金显微组织的细化及合金的强化都与该相的形成和析出有关.     

稀土掺杂WSi2/MoSi2材料的合成及其性能

采用自蔓延高温合成（SHS）和机械合金化（MA）方法复合制备了稀土质量分数为0．2％～2．0％的WSi2／MoSi2复合材料．利用MRH-5A型环一块式摩擦磨损试验机测定了复合材料试样与CrWMn钢在油润滑条件下的滑动磨损性能，研究了稀土含量对材料的微观结构、力学性能以及摩擦学性能的影响．结果表明：稀土增强的WSi2／MoSi2复合材料具有细晶组织结构，较高的抗弯强度、硬度和断裂韧性以及较好的耐磨性能，在稀土质量分数为0．5％～0．8％时，复合材料具有最佳的力学性能和摩擦学性能．基体的致密化及强化有利于降低其摩擦磨损．此外，采用SHS＋MA工艺可在低的烧结温度获得高致密度的复合材料．     

石墨和硅对偏晶Al-15Pb合金组织和耐磨性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪和摩擦磨损试验机对A l-15Pb、A l-15b-5Si-0.2RE和A l-15Pb-5Si-2G-0.2RE合金的组织和耐磨性能进行了研究.试验结果表明：将合金液浇注到金属型中后,其凝固组织中,铅相呈粒状分布于铝基体中;加入硅后,硅相沿晶界偏聚;同时加入硅和石墨后,铅相、硅相均呈颗粒状分布,且Si相均匀分布,无偏聚.在三组合金中,随着硅和石墨的加入,摩擦系数逐渐减小,磨损失重逐渐减小,A l-15Pb-5Si-2G-0.2RE合金表现出较佳的耐磨性能.     

Pressureless infiltration of Si3N4 preforms with an Al-2wt%Mg alloy

The pressureless infiltration process to synthesize a silicon nitride composite was investigated. An Al-2wt%Mg alloy was infiltrated into silicon nitride preforms in the atmosphere of nitrogen. It is possible to infiltrate the Al-2wt%Mg alloy in silicon nitride preforms, The growth of the composite with useful thickness was facilitated by the presence of magnesium powder at the interface and by flowing nitrogen. The microstructure of the Si3N4-Al composite has been characterized using scanning electron microscope. During the infiltration of Si3N4 preforms, Si3N4 reacted with aluminium to form silicon and AIN. The silicon produced during the growth consumed in the formation of MgSiAIO, MgSiAlN and Al3.27Si0.47 type phases. The growth of the composite was found to proceed in two ways, depending on the oxide content in the initial preforms, First, less oxide content preforms gave rise to MgAlSiO and MgAlSiN type phases after infiltration. Second, more oxide content preforms gave rise to AlN-Al2O3 solid solution phase （AlON）, The AlON phase was only present in the composite, containing 10% aluminium in the silicon nitride preforms before infiltration.     

Influence of Nd and Y additions on the corrosion behaviour of extruded Mg-Zn-Zr alloys

To improve the corrosion resistance of wrought magnesium alloys through rare earth (RE) additions, the corrosion behaviour of Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr-xNd (x=0, 1, and 2; wt%) and Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr-2Nd-yY (y=0.5 and 1; wt%) alloys in a 5wt% NaCl solution was investigated using immersion test and electrochemical measurements. The results of immersion test show that Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr-2Nd alloy exhibits the best corrosion resistance among the tested alloys. Electrochemical measurements show that secondary phases in RE-containing Mg...     

Microstructural characterizations and mechanical properties of Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn-xCu alloys

Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn-xCu（x=0wt%, 1wt%, 1.5wt% and 2.0wt%） alloys were studied by OM, Pandat software, XRD, SEM, DSC and a standard universal testing machine. The experimental results indicate that adding Cu to TAZ811 alloy leads to the formation of the AlMgCu and Cu3 Sn phases. Tensile tests indicate that yield strength increases fi rstly and then decreases with increasing Cu content. The alloy with the addition of 1.5wt% Cu exhibits optimal mechanical properties among the studied alloys. The improved mechanical properties can be ascribed to the second phase strengthening and fi ne-grain strengthening mechanisms resulting from the more dispersed second phases and smaller grain size, respectively. The decrease in ultimate tensile strength and elongation of TAZ811-2.0wt% Cu alloy at room temperature is ascribed to the formation of continuous AlMgCu and coarse Mg2 Sn phases in the liquid state.     

Effect of rare earth elements on the microstructure and property for magnesium alloy AM60B

The effects of rare earth elements on the microstructure and properties of magnesium alloy AM60B alloy were studied.Different proportions of rare earth elements were added to AM60B and the tensile tests were carried out under different temperatures.The experimental results show that at room temperature the tensile strength of AM60B can be improved with the addition of rare earth elements.The ductility of which at room or elevated temperature(120℃） can also be improved ,and the ductility is to some extent in proportion with the amount of rare earth elements.The ductility at 120℃ is better than that at room temperture,The microstructure graphs demonstrate that appropriate amount of rare earth elements (0.1%-0.2%,mass fraction)can fine AM60B‘s grain and improve its ductility.     

Porosity and pore size distribution measurement of cement/carbon nanofiber composites by 1H low field nuclear magnetic resonance

The dispersion effect of carbon nanofibers （CNFs） in aqueous solution and the mechanical properties, porosity, pore size distribution and microstructure of CNFs reinforced cement-based composites were investigated in this paper. To achieve effective dispersion of CNFs, a method utilizing ultrasonic processing and a commercially surfactant were employed. CNFs were incorporated to cementitious materials with the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.2 wt% of cement with a water/cement ratio of 0.35. The mechanical properties of CNFs/ cement composites were analyzed, the porosity and pore size distribution were characterized by ^1H low field nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）, and the microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results indicate that the optimum concentration ratio of MC to CNFs is 2：1 for dispersing in aqueous solution. Moreover, in the field of mechanical properties, CNFs can improve the flexural strength and compressive strength. The increased mechanical properties and the decreased porosity of the matrices correspond to the increasing CNFs content and CNFs act as bridges and networks across cracks and voids.     

高速重轨矫正圈用9Cr2MoRE钢的开发研究

通过添加不同含量的稀土元素,对比研究稀土含量对9Cr2Mo钢奥氏体晶粒度、相变点、抗拉强度及耐磨性的影响。研究结果表明,稀土元素可以有效细化9Cr2Mo钢的奥氏体晶粒,当稀土加入量为0.10%时,晶粒长大速率降低最明显。添加质量分数为0.1%的稀土后,9Cr2Mo钢的抗拉强度明显提高,塑性和延展性也有所改善。加入稀土元素后,9Cr2Mo钢在磨损过程中可以避免出现大块疲劳剥落现象,提高了耐磨性。     

微量稀土元素对工业纯铝电阻率的影响

通过稀土元素的净化作用和金属导电理论,研究了微量稀土元素镧、铈和混合稀土对工业纯铝电阻率的影响.结果表明,微量稀土元素可以改善工业纯铝的导电性能,当加入稀土铈或镧的质量分数为WCe<0.45％或WLa<0.40 ％时,工业纯铝的电阻率降低;加入混合稀土的质量分数为WM-RE<0.30％时,工业纯铝的电阻率稍有降低.     

Effects of rare earth elements on the microstructure and properties of magnesium alloy AZ91D

The effects of rare earth elements on the microstructure and properties of Magnesium alloy AZ91D alloy were studied.The different proportion of rare earth elements was added to the AZ91D and the tensile tests were carried out at different temperatures.The experimental results show that at room temperature or at 120℃ the AZ91D‘s decrease with the increasing amount of the rare earth elements.however,the ductility is improved.The influence of 0.14%Sb(mass fraction)on the AZ91D‘s strength is like that of rare earth elements(0.2%-0.4%)(mass fraction).Microstructure graphs demonstrate that appropriate amount of rare earth elements (0.1%-0.2%) can fine AZ91D‘s grain and improve its ductility.